油气管道安全管理问题及加强措施

就目前我国油气管道安全管理水平与质量来看,油气管道运输管理存在一定的问题。因此相关部门必须积极采取有效措施,切实解决油气管道管理问题,提高管理的安全性和科学性。     

Indicators and evaluation model for analyzing environmental protection performance of airports

This study develops an evaluation model for analyzing environmental protection performance of airports. First, indicators for evaluating environmental protection at airports are derived by reviewing related literature and existing environmental management plans using the Fuzzy Delphi method. Then, the weights and value functions of these indicators are obtained through expert questionnaire surveys. Applying the value functions to the environmental data from different airports yields the value of each indicator. Finally, multiplying the values with their corresponding weights sheds light on the performance of individual and overall indicators. Findings of this study offer references for airport management in evaluating airport performance in energy conservation, carbon reduction, and implementation of environmental protection measures, as well as in developing performance improvement schemes according to the state of the airport.     

Integrated Berth Allocation and Quay Crane Assignment Problem: Set partitioning models and computational results

Most of the operational problems in container terminals are strongly interconnected. In this paper, we study the integrated Berth Allocation and Quay Crane Assignment Problem in seaport container terminals. We will extend the current state-of-the-art by proposing novel set partitioning models. To improve the performance of the set partitioning formulations, a number of variable reduction techniques are proposed. Furthermore, we analyze the effects of different discretization schemes and the impact of using a time-variant/invariant quay crane allocation policy. Computational experiments show that the proposed models significantly improve the benchmark solutions of the current state-of-art optimal approaches.     

硫磺回收装置原料优化分析及技术方案比选

硫磺回收装置含硫气体原料的组成影响硫磺回收工艺的选择和回收效果,因此必须在正确分析含硫酸性气组成的基础上,确定基础设计条件,选择合适的Claus回收工艺。本文分析了中国石油哈尔滨石化公司催化装置双脱单元清洁酸性气及酸性水汽提装置含氨酸性气作为硫磺回收装置进料存在的问题并提出解决方案,同时对可行的硫磺回收工艺进行分析,作为装置设计方案的参考。     

燃煤电厂汞排放控制技术的研究进展

燃煤是最大的汞排放源,在此介绍了燃煤电厂汞排放及其迁移转化规律、燃煤过程中汞的存在形态及影响汞去除率的主要因素;分析了燃烧前脱汞、燃烧中脱汞、燃烧后脱汞等方面的技术;较为详细地论述了汞排放控制技术现状及研究进展。     

内蒙古能源消耗与二氧化碳排放分析

进入十五以来,随着内蒙古工业化、城镇化的快速推进,在以石化(尤其是煤炭)为主导的能源结构前提下,带动了我区能源消耗与二氧化碳排放的快速增加,从而对内蒙古实现可持续发展带来了严峻挑战。因此,在当前自治区提出转变发展方式和实现国家规定的节能减排硬性目标约束下,分析内蒙古节能减排前景及潜力,在此前提下寻求内蒙古实现节能减排的对策与方法对于我区实现资源节约型、环境友好型社会意义重大。基于此,本文对内蒙古能源消耗现状、未来形势进行了对比分析,在此基础上,按照自治区"十二五"期间的预期实现目标,对我区能耗和排放进行了情景模拟与分析,结果表明,在设定合理情景模式下,内蒙古节能减排仍有很大提升潜力,到"十二五"末是可以实现国家既定的节能减排约束目标的。     

关税减让对我国农产品进口的影响分析

本文运用理论和实证的分析方法,研究了关税减让对我国农产品进口的实际影响。研究结果表明,关税减让与我国农产品的进口之间存在着高度的负相关关系,在影响我国农产品进口行为的诸多因素中,关税起到了主要的作用,但并非唯一因素。同时,关税减让与农产品的进口额、进口结构之间存在密切的关系,最后,还提出几点政策性意见。     

降本增效理念下洋河股份营运管理研究

洋河酒作为我国八大名酒之一,近年来发展良好,其中以"洋河蓝色经典"表现最为出色。本文概述白酒行业近年发展现状及现阶段洋河股份公司治理模式,通过对洋河股份各项财务管理指标进行分析后,针对洋河股份成本管理的优势及产品、渠道、管理员等方面存在的问题,从整合运营、渠道优化、员工关怀、资金周转等方面提出可行性措施,旨在提高洋河股份营运管理效果,为企业降本增效。     

Environmental Education and Poverty Reduction in Africa

The African environment poses formidable problems for sustainable socioeconomic development. Among these are unpredictable and increasing incidence of droughts, aridity, and desertification; decline in agricultural and natural resources productivity; water shortages for plants, animals, and humans; vector- and water-borne diseases; HIV/AIDS pandemic; unemployment; poverty; and crime. The paper highlights the socioeconomic development impediments within the continent that elevate poverty level. It analyses the extent and variation in poverty in Africa and identifies Environmental Education (EE) as one of the means of solving poverty problem in the continent through mass mobilization, enlightenment programs and introduction of EE at all levels of learning (formal and non-formal educational programs).     

Characteristics of unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning in Northwest Iran – Tabriz

The study describes the epidemiology and characteristics of unintentional carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning in Northwest Iran between 2007 and 2009 using multiple data sources including records of the main provider of emergency medical transportation, death certificate reports of the Legal Medicine Organization and through household surveys. A total of 1005 people were diagnosed with non-fatal CO poisoning. Ninety deaths were confirmed due to CO exposure. The ratio of unintentional CO-related poisoning cases in relation to all poisonings was 17.6%. Non-fatal CO poisoning was higher in females and adults aged 25–44 year olds, whereas the death rate was highest for those over 64 years. Domestic gas appliances were involved in 98% of non-fatal incidents and in all fatal poisonings, with gas water heaters (59.2%) and free-standing heaters (25.3%) being the most common causes of CO exposure. The main mechanisms of poisoning were faulty installations and defective devices. The main locations of incidents were the bathroom (48%) and living room (32%). Only 19% of the households reported that they were aware of the hazards of CO exposure before the incident, and no household reported having a CO detector at the time of the poisoning. The results suggest that interventions should be targeted at home environments and focus on at-risk groups such as women and elderly people. Setting stricter standards and environmental legislations and promotion of public awareness against the dangers of CO exposure are important considerations for overcoming this public health problem.