Information exchange under uncertainty: The case of unconventional gas development in the United Kingdom

New techniques of unconventional oil and gas extraction, such as hydraulic fracturing, challenge current political, institutional and administrative practices in how to regulate activities in the underground. Conflicts of interests between economic promotion, landscape and natural resource protection, and new trends on energy markets are further intensified by the fact that techniques of oil and gas extraction come with a considerable amount of uncertainties regarding ecological and health impacts. Information exchange is one important aspect of how political actors try to reduce uncertainties and conflicts. Based on exponential random graph models (ERGM) for network data, we analyze to what degree ideologies, public authority, existing collaboration and scientific expertise drive information exchange in hydraulic fracturing regulation in the United Kingdom. Results show that technical and political information exchange have to be disentangled, and that the former is driven by expertise and existing collaboration, the latter by ideology, public authority and existing collaboration.     

安检设备中多信息融合技术的数据重构

随着网络购物迅猛发展,人与人之间的物品交流越来越频繁。由于一些人自觉或不自觉地在包裹中参杂一些违禁品,如果发生漏检或错检,将对人民安全和国家安全造成威胁。本论文主要研究安检设备中X射线检测信息和电子鼻气(液)体检测信息对同一个检测对象的特征识别。设计电子鼻气(液)体检测系统,通过大量的实验,设定响应信号基础强度为80mv为预警值对危险性气液体报警。利用建立的信息融合系统对五种不同的包裹进行检测,对其有无危险品进行判断。     

安徽省高速公路服务区节能减排技术应用范围研究

高速公路服务使用诸多节能减排技术,如建筑节能、太阳能、中水回用等,取得了一定的效果。然而,由于自然地理条件的不同,使得位于不同地理区域的服务区需要选择不同的节能减排技术,为此,开展高速服务区节能减排技术应用范围研究具有显著意义。     

Developing environmental performance measures for tourism using a Tourism Satellite Accounts approach: a pilot study of the accommodation industry in Egypt

Considering the recognized pressures of tourism on the natural environment, it is important to quantify and understand those pressures. This paper adopts an approach based on the Tourism Satellite Accounts conceptual framework to measure selected environmental pressures of tourism. Egypt is selected for the case study and the accommodation industry group is used as a pilot test (reference year 2009) for the feasibility of the proposed methodology. Results show that each US$ 1 million of direct value added supported by tourists expenditure in the accommodation industry group requires 18.6 thousand m³ of water, 51.1 tons of fuel, and 426 megawatt hours (Mwh) of electricity. Similarly, each US$ 1 million of the direct value added generated by tourists expenditure for accommodation creates directly about 464.3 tons of CO₂ emissions. It is estimated that serving inbound tourism is a higher user of energy resources than serving domestic tourism, which is higher in terms of water use. These environmental performance measures enable the Egyptian Government to examine the potential environmental pressures and financial costs of attracting new tourists.     

新河矿井下向抽采钻孔加压封孔技术研究

为解决目前抽采钻孔封孔质量差,漏气严重,强度不高等问题,本文通过对加压封孔技术和施工工艺进行研究,确定了加压封孔技术参数和施工工序,现场试验结果表明该技术有效提高封孔质量,为瓦斯抽采、下向孔排水、水力压裂的顺利开展提供保障。     

Conceptualising multifunctional agriculture from a global perspective: Implications for governing agricultural trade in the post-Doha Round era

The notion of multifunctional agriculture has been researched from diverse disciplines including economics, sociology, political economy, and geography since the URAA. In particular, the economics approach represents an attempt to tailor the concept of multifunctional agriculture to market- oriented WTO trade regime. The approach has been fundamentally troubled by the lack of concord among WTO member countries on the question of what constitutes multifunctional agriculture. This article redefines multifunctional agriculture as a concept encompassing six components that are extremely heterogeneous in their nature of external benefits. Upon examining different positions taken by the US, the EU, the Cairns group, LDCs, and the G10, this article develops a conceptual model explaining why the notion of multifunctional agriculture is conceived so differently across countries. The model posits that institutions, natural resources endowment, ecological conditions, farm policies, and culture/history unique to each country would determine the state of economic development and agricultural competitiveness in a country, which in turn shape the pattern of social demand for various components of multifunctional agriculture. The theorizing undertakes to overcome the Euro- centrism that has dictated the discourse of multifunctional agriculture since the URAA. Implications are discussed for the governance of agricultural trade in the post-Doha Round era.     

Making sense of tourists' photographs using canonical variate analysis

Tourists' photographs can serve as a rich database for researchers wishing to study tourists' perceptions and attitudes towards destinations. Such data can also be useful in examining how tourists behave, where, when, with whom and why. Many researchers favour the qualitative analysis of such data, which requires the use either of relatively small numbers of photographs or a considerable expense of researcher time and effort to undertake. Much of this process is speculative, in that it involves working with variables which may or may not prove to be significant in addressing the hypotheses chosen for the research. This paper recommends the use of a preliminary phase of research in which a quantitative approach is used to reduce the number of variables needing to be coded. Canonical variate analysis is suggested as an appropriate tool for achieving this. Case study results are presented to demonstrate the utility of this approach.     

上保护层开采后的煤层群应力变化研究

对贵州某煤与瓦斯突出矿井建立FLAC3D模型进行分析,沿走向在中间部分的应力减小,在开切眼和收作线的应力增大;沿走向方向,煤层开挖到100m和150m的时候煤层的卸压范围最大,开挖200m时候卸压区范围有所减小。通过对上保护层开采后的煤层群应力变化进行研究,可以更好的确定保护层保护范围。     

基于数量化理论的鹤壁六矿瓦斯含量预测模型研究

研究了利用数量化理论Ⅰ建立瓦斯含量预测模型的数学原理,收集了鹤壁六矿煤层地勘期间及生产期间的瓦斯含量实测资料,建立了基于数量化理论的瓦斯含量预测模型。根据计算和评价结果,模型精度能够满足工程精度的要求,说明利用数量化理论来预测瓦斯瓦斯含量是可行的。     

关于4L-12.5/0.2～22富气压缩机无润滑改造设计

4L-12.5/0.2~22型富气压缩机,气缸采用压缩机油润滑,常造成后路带油,润滑油耗量大,设备检修和操作不便及气缸油润滑系统出现故障造成气缸镜面划伤等现象,同时也给装置的安全运行造成重大隐患。重点对压缩机的活塞环、支承环进行了改造,实现无油润滑,给企业解决技术问题。