Impact of Trade Facilitation on Parts and Components Trade

This article utilizes data from seventy-seven countries over the period 2004–07 in a gravity trade model to examine the impact of four dimensions of trade facilitation—physical infrastructure, information and communication technology, business environment, and border efficiency—on parts and components and final goods trade for the machinery and transport equipment sector. The results show that the effect of importers’ overall trade facilitation measures is stronger for promoting parts and components than for final goods trade. Among the four dimensions, border efficiency has the largest impact on trade flows for this sector, and the effect of exporter and particularly importers’ border efficiency is important for parts and components, as compared to final goods trade.     

产品内国际分工与中国获取的价值——基于零部件进出口的分析

中国巨大的贸易顺差引致贸易伙伴的诘难,国内外学者的实证分析却表明中国从产品内国际分工与贸易中获取的国内价值增值非常有限。产品内国际分工与贸易主要表现为零部件等中间产品的进出口,这一特征在机械运输设备和自动数据处理产业表现得尤其明显。通过计算1994—2007年零部件进出口的单位价值比率,发现中国出口零部件的单位价值远远低于相同编码进口零部件的单位价值。这意味着中国在进口大量高价值零部件从事终端产品低附加值出口加工的同时,也在制造并大量出口低价值零部件。中国激增的贸易顺差是产品内国际分工的副产品,掩盖了产品价值真实的国际分配。中国要成为真正的制造业强国并获得更大的国际分工利益,必须从提高国产零部件的价值开始。     

物流绩效评价方法比较

本文主要研究了物流绩效评价中的两种方法:主成分分析法和模糊评价法。通过具体的分析对两种方法做了比较,同时提出了四点物流绩效的改进建议。     

城市旅游竞争力评价与提升策略研究——以洛阳市为例

城市旅游竞争力评价研究有助于准确反映城市旅游的发展现状与未来潜力,从而实现资源优化配置与旅游可持续发展。文章构建包含三层七类43项指标的城市旅游竞争力评价体系,综合运用因子分析法与主成分分析法确定指标权重。在此基础上,对洛阳城市旅游竞争力进行实证分析,最后针对洛阳城市旅游竞争力现状提出了文化因素、产业集群与多元投资的三项竞争力提升策略。     

高性能电子商务网站前端设计理念研究

随着电子商务的发展,电子商务网站数量越来越多,流量越来越大,页面元素也越来越多,这就使得电子商务网站的页面响应速度变慢,为了使电子商务网站前端提高其性能,本文首先对相关概念进行界定,然后找出影响电子商务网站前端性能的因素,最后根据这些因素提出高性能电子商务网站前端设计理念。     

从零部件贸易看中日韩分工差异

本文以中国为研究对象,对中国在日韩市场上零部件生产和组装的比较优势的分布、结构和变迁情况进行了细致梳理。通过分析扩展的RCA指标,得出结论,针对日韩两国市场而言,中国在零部件生产上的比较优势总体上呈增强趋势;在组装业务上,中等技术零部件逐渐呈现萎缩态势,而高技术零部件组装的比较优势正在扩大。随着时间的推移,中国同日韩两国之间的生产共享加强,而生产和组装结构也在一定程度上呈现出升级态势。     

Demand for broad money and expenditure components in Japan: an empirical study

The main objective of the present study is to examine empirically the long-run relation of broad money demand and its determinants in Japan. In contrast with previous study, the present study considers various components of final expenditure demand as determinants that are final consumption goods, expenditure on investment goods and exports. Using quarterly data over the period 1973Q1–2000Q2, the results of the bounds test [J. Appl. Econ. 16 (2001) 289] indicate a stable long-run relationship between demand of real M2 and its determinants. The empirical results also highlight that different domestic demand components yields different effects on Japanese broad money demand behavior. The estimated unrestricted error-correction model appears to track the data well and the results have important policy implications.     

Does global liquidity drive commodity prices?

This paper tackles the question of whether a cross-sectional perspective on monetary policy is capable of explaining movements in global commodity prices. In this vein, we contribute to the rich literature on global liquidity in two different ways: on the one hand, to achieve a global series in terms of common monetary policy shocks, we propose a distinction between common and idiosyncratic factors across economies, as proposed by Bai and Ng (2004). Our second innovation stems from the consideration of a Markov-switching vector error correction model when analyzing time-varying short-run dynamics. Having identified the long-run structure which includes a proportional relationship between commodity prices and global liquidity in the first step, our results indeed show that the impact of a global liquidity measure on different commodity prices is significant and varies over time. One regime approximately accounts for times where commodity prices significantly adjust to disequilibria, while the second regime is characterized by either a weak or no commodity price adjustment. The fact that global liquidity also reacts to disequilibria in a specific regime demonstrates the two-way causality between monetary policy and commodity prices.     

Restricted maximum likelihood estimation under Eisenhart model Ill

For a balanced two-way mixed model, the maximum likelihood (ML) and restricted ML (REML) estimators of the variance components were obtained and compared under the non-negativity requirements of the variance components by L ee and K apadia (1984). In this note, for a mixed (random blocks) incomplete block model, explicit forms for the REML estimators of variance components are obtained. They are always non-negative and have smaller mean squared error (MSE) than the analysis of variance (AOV) estimators. The asymptotic sampling variances of the maximum likelihood (ML) estimators and the REML estimators are compared and the balanced incomplete block design (BIBD) is considered as a special case. The ML estimators are shown to have smaller asymptotic variances than the REML estimators, but a numerical result in the randomized complete block design (RCBD) demonstrated that the performances of the REML and ML estimators are not much different in the MSE sense.     

基于代谢组学技术的不同白酒挥发性成分差异分析

本文以同一品牌两种酱香型白酒为例,建立了基于现代分析仪器结合代谢组学技术判定不同白酒挥发性差异成分的方法.采用顶空箭型固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用(Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction-Arrow-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry,HS-SP...