资本运营——大庆油田持续发展有效途径

资本运营有利于企业产业结构调整,解决低成本的发展资金,有利于加强和改善企业管理,有利于发展高新技术产业,有利于树立企业形象。油田企业有很多可以进行IPO的资产,只要善于开展资本运营,并与油田的长远发展、制度创新相结合,油田企业的市场竞争力将会得到大幅度提升。     

水利投入对国民经济增长拉动的数学模型

采用一般的Solow生产函数建立了计算水利投入对国民经济拉动作用的数学模型，应用灰色系统理论估算了资金和劳动投入的产出弹性，并通过某省一个实例进行计算，得出某省水利投入对国民经济增长拉动作用的量化数据。     

Estimating the Enduring Effects of Fertiliser Subsidies on Commercial Fertiliser Demand and Maize Production: Panel Data Evidence from Malawi

Most studies of input subsidy programmes confine their analyses to measuring programme effects over a one‐year period. This article estimates the potential longer‐run or enduring effects of fertiliser subsidy programmes on smallholder farm households' demand for commercial fertiliser and maize production over time. We use four waves of panel data on 462 farm households in Malawi for whom fertiliser use can be tracked for eight consecutive seasons between 2003/2004 and 2010/2011. Panel estimation methods are used to control for potential endogeneity of subsidised fertiliser acquisition. Results indicate that farmers acquiring subsidised fertiliser in three consecutive prior years are found to purchase slightly more commercial fertiliser in the next year. This suggests a small amount of crowding in of commercial fertiliser from the receipt of subsidised fertiliser in prior years. In addition, acquiring subsidised fertiliser in a given year has a modest positive impact on increasing maize output in that same year. However, acquiring subsidised fertiliser in multiple prior years generates no statistically significant effect on maize output in the current year. These findings indicate that potential enduring effects of the Malawi fertiliser subsidy programme on maize production are limited. Additional interventions that increase soil fertility can make using inorganic fertiliser more profitable and sustainable for smallholders in sub‐Saharan Africa and thereby increase the cost‐effectiveness of input subsidy programmes.     

农村集体土地集约化经营方式的探讨

文章围绕国家“十二五”规划重点战略部署,按照实现新时期国土规划独创性和有用性的基本工作要求,以土地用途管制为基本平台,构建了国土发展空间类型体系这一全新空间组织理念。将土地资源配置规模、节约集约用地效益、耕地和生态空间保护与国土开发、利用、保护和整治等重大问题进行结合,提出了土地利用与国土空间优化的新思路。     

伊春林区森林生态资产比较评估和运营途径研究

随着经济和社会的快速发展,人们越来越关注自然资源的价值和生态环境的效益。评估森林生态资产已经成为学术界研究的焦点问题。通过比较其他研究者的成果,总结出生态资产评估现存的三个视角,并分析了各自的优缺点。按照寒温带针叶林、温带落叶阔叶林、针阔混交林等不同林分,对伊春林区森林的涵养水源价值、固定C02和释放02价值、保育土壤价值、营养物质循环和养分储藏、净化大气环境、生物多样性保护、森林景观资源等7种生态资产形式在三种视角下做出评估,并比较三种视角下的差异,在此基础上提出了生态资产运营途径,旨在为伊春林区森林可持续发展政策的制定提供参考依据,对该区域森林资源保护和利用具有重要的意义。     

FDI对我国制造业内资企业自主创新能力的影响——基于创新投入与创新产出的视角

利用2009—2013年我国27个制造业行业的面板数据,基于创新投入和创新产出的角度,实证研究了FDI对我国制造业内资企业自主创新能力的影响,结果表明：FDI对我国制造业内资企业的自主创新投入具有一定的正向促进作用,但这一效果并不显著;FDI对我国制造业内资企业的自主创新产出具有显著的正向促进作用,这说明FDI虽然在一定程度上显著地促进了我国制造业内资企业自主创新能力的提升,但这一提升作用是有限的。此外,企业规模和市场竞争程度显著地促进了我国制造业内资企业自主创新投入的增加,研发人员投入和研发经费投入对我国制造业内资企业的自主创新产出具有明显的正向促进效应。     

Structural production layer decomposition: a new method to measure differences between MRIO databases for footprint assessments

Recent empirical assessments revealed that footprint indicators calculated with various multi-regional input–output (MRIO) databases deliver deviating results. In this paper, we propose a new method, called structural production layer decomposition (SPLD), which complements existing structural decomposition approaches. SPLD enables differentiating between effects stemming from specific parts in the technology matrix, e.g. trade blocks vs. domestic blocks, while still allowing to link the various effects to the total region footprint. Using the carbon footprint of the EU-28 in 2011 as an example, we analyse the differences between EXIOBASE, Eora, GTAP and WIOD. Identical environmental data are used across all MRIO databases. In all model comparisons, variations in domestic blocks have a more significant impact on the carbon footprint than variations in trade blocks. The results provide a wealth of information for MRIO developers and are relevant for policy makers designing climate policy measures targeted to specific stages along product supply chains.     

我国科技投入效率的省际比较分析

文章运用DEA方法,对我国31个省市科技产出的截面数据进行了实证分析,针对经典DEA模型存在的缺陷,采用四阶段DEA结合Tobit回归的方法,剔除了外生环境变量的影响,衡量和评价了各地区的科技投入效率。结果表明:环境因素对科技投入效率影响显著,经典DEA方法得出的科技投入效率被明显高估;排除环境变量后,绝大部分省市的规模无效率是由于科技投入不足造成的。     

刍议建筑工程项目管理的有效途径

建筑工程项目管理是施工管理的一个重要环节,对建设单位以及施工单位均有着重要的现实意义。本文主要从施工质量、项目成本、安全施工以及施工进度四个方面论述了有效管理建筑工程项目的建设途径,以提高建筑项目的管理力度,充分提高投资效用。     

THE BIAS OF THE MULTIPLIER MATRIX WHEN SUPPLY AND USE TABLES ARE STOCHASTIC

The literature on stochastic input–output (I–O) analysis has paid considerable attention to the bias in the Leontief inverse. This paper extends previous studies by assuming supply and use tables (SUTs rather than I–O tables or input coefficients matrices) to be stochastic. This is a natural starting point because SUTs have become the basic data sources for I–O applications. In a Monte Carlo simulation experiment, a given SUT is randomized in two different ways and the effects are determined for eight different multiplier matrices. The analysis is carried out for Spain, Italy, the Netherlands, Germany and Finland, using their SUTs for 2006. The findings indicate that, in general, biases are statistically significant but negligibly small. This corroborates earlier findings obtained for stochastic I–O tables.