中国发展模式的背景与影响:重庆例证

中国发展模式是指立足中国的特殊国情,以建设一个富强、民主、文明、和谐的社会主义现代化国家为目标,并在实践中逐步形成的一种有自己特色的发展模式。重庆实践科学发展模式是我国中西部地区科学发展模式的代表。科学定位、用好政策、发展载体、激发活力、创新体制机制等是其基本内涵。同时,这一发展模式也将随着重庆经济社会的发展而不断赋予新的内涵。基于重庆实际,推进重庆实践科学发展模式的研究和运用,应该在理念上强化、内容上完善、操作上拓展。     

产业融合产生过程的模型研究

根据自组织理论,产业融合产生的过程以融合型产品出现为标志,分为从无到有、从出现到实现两个阶段。文章结合单个产业发展模型,构建了产业融合产生过程的数学模型,并在此基础上运用数值模拟统计软件对产业融合产生过程的模型进行了验证。文章认为,产业融合模型的合理性及融合型产品的替代效应在产业融合的实现过程中起着关键作用。     

The role of corrosive internalisation and denial of responsibility in stabilising inequality in South Africa

ABSTRACT

This paper examines how capabilities inequality is stabilised through its consequences on those at both ends of the distribution. It outlines the development of the balance model, which is argued to help highlight these consequences. Specifically, how adverse environments associated with lack of access to resources and poor treatment can lead to internal consequences which further corrode capabilities. At the same time, denial of this corrosion or its importance is critical for those who benefit from the inequality. To avoid moral constraints being triggered it is important, necessary even, for them to see those who suffer as outside of their moral universe, or their suffering to be in no way associated with their advantage. Corrosion and denial work to stabilise the system. For those in the middle of the distribution, they may work to do so in combination. Appreciating these internalised consequences is key to addressing inequality in South Africa.     

Marx,Sraffa, and Surplus: Observations Prompted by Garegnani (2018)

ABSTRACT

In a posthumously published article, Pierangelo Garegnani (2018. ‘On the Labour Theory of Value in Marx and in the Marxist Tradition.’) depicts Marx’s project in Capital as that of ‘developing systematically the theory of Ricardo and [the] implications of social conflict’ implied by Ricardo’s ‘surplus approach to value and distribution’. This paper argues to the contrary that Marx’s theory of surplus value and exploitation differs from (neo-)Ricardian surplus theory in fundamental ways, and modifies Garegnani’s simple Sraffian model to illustrate the distinctive implications of Marx’s theory.     

The China model view is factually false

ABSTRACT

Using a cross-regional analysis of China, this article shows that the China model view is factually false and the universal model view is factually true. It is the marketization and development of non-state sectors, rather than the strong power of government and the state sector, that have driven the Chinese economy to grow fast and to be increasingly innovative. If China wants to sustain its economic performance, it must stay on the way to continuing marketization. Otherwise, China will fall into stagnation.     

Oil commodity returns and macroeconomic factors: A time-varying approach

This paper analyses the dynamic influence of macroeconomic factors on oil commodity returns (crude oil and heating oil) shown in monthly data over the period of 1990–2013. Using a time-varying parameter model via the Kalman filter, we find that macroeconomic factors are relevant for explaining oil commodity returns. We find that multilateral exchange rates have a negative effect on commodity returns. We confirm the existence of a strong linkage between energy and non-energy commodities. More importantly, we find shifts in global demand and SP500 effects that are not identified through the constant parameter model. These variables have had a progressively positive effect on oil commodity returns, especially since 2008.     

Growth uncertainty,generalized disappointment aversion and production-based asset pricing

We study a production economy with regime switching in the conditional mean and volatility of productivity growth. The representative agent has generalized disappointment aversion (GDA) preferences. We show that volatility risk in productivity growth carries a positive and sizable risk premium in levered equity. Our model can endogenously generate long-run risks in the volatility of consumption growth observed in the data. We show that introducing leverage with a procyclical dividend process consistent with the data is critical for the GDA preferences to have a large impact on equity returns.     

成本计量模式与企业成本控制机制研究

成本计量模式存在着制造环节、价值链与商业模式三个视角的划分,它们反映了不同成本效益对称情形,三者间具有层次演进性。从成本与利润的关系看,企业内部就是成本计量,利润则是市场角度的成本补偿计量,企业机制就可以视为在有意义的领域做出独特或某种与众不同的贡献而进行的成本流程安排。企业健康成本结构应该是一个开放的以接纳先进价值观的信息综合体。企业要获得可持续竞争力就必须树立科学的成本控制观念。     

Foreign Direct Investment in the Enlarged EU: Do Taxes Matter and to What Extent?

Foreign direct investment is of increasing importance in the European Union. This paper estimates the effect of taxes on foreign direct investment (FDI) flows and on three sub-components of these flows for the countries of the enlarged European Union. The model in the spirit of gravity equations robustly explains FDI flows between the 25 member states. Sample selection needs to be addressed in the estimation. We show that the different subcomponents of FDI should and indeed do react differently to taxes. After controlling for unobserved country characteristics and common time effects, the top statutory corporate tax rate of both, source and host country, turn insignificant for total FDI and investment into equity. However, high source country taxes clearly increase the probability of firms to re-invest profits abroad and lower the percentage of debt financed FDI. This might reflect profit re-allocation to avoid taxes. Market size factors have the expected signs.

生态旅游产业转型升级驱动模型构建研究

促进旅游产业的转型升级,是实现生态旅游创新发展的前提.文章在分析动力主体和动力机制的基础上,构建生态旅游产业转型升级的动力模型,为生态旅游产业的可持续发展提供理论依据.