Social metabolism,landscape change and land-use planning in the Barcelona Metropolitan Region

The present work explores the synergies between socio-metabolic energy use and landscape patterns, starting from the hypothesis that there is a complex and changing relationship between the efficiency in both the societal use of energy, and land-use, and the ecosystem functioning of the whole land matrix of the Barcelona Metropolitan Region (BMR). It first compares changes in the social metabolism (i.e. the total energy or material throughput of the economy) and in landscape structure and function from 1850 to the present in three municipalities of the Vallès county (N of the BMR), as a first attempt to establish a link between the societal uses of land and energy together with their impact on landscape patterns. Secondly, the study explores the role of natural versus rural landscapes on the maintaining of basic functional properties such as connectivity in the whole BMR. We base our analyses on parametric methodologies that describe both structural and functional properties of landscapes, aimed at assessing the landscape efficiency of both energy-use and land-use planning. The first comparison reveals that the simultaneous loss of energy efficiency and land-use efficiency from the mid-19th century to present can be tracked by changes in the functional landscape structure. The second study shows the importance of the traditional rural landscapes in maintaining the ecological quality of non-built-up land. In consequence, the organized complexity of the land system necessary to host biodiversity and basic ecological processes cannot be guaranteed if the agro-forestry mosaic is not taken into account, together with the network of protected areas.     

中国城市化与碳排放关系实证分析

我国的城市化与碳排放量之间存在着高度的正相关性。在短期内,碳排放量与城市化水平之间的长期均衡关系对当前碳排放偏离均衡水平的调整力度较大;长期内,碳排放量的增加会伴随着短期城市化水平的提升;两者之间的相互作用还存在一定的＂时间延滞＂;城市化是碳排放量持续增长的Granger原因,但碳排放却不是城市化水平提升的Granger原因。因此,我国在推进城市化进程中必须注重环境保护,建设低碳城市。     

基于物质流分析的京津冀区域物质代谢研究

本文研究运用物质流分析方法,以京津冀地区作为研究对象,构建区域物质代谢分析指标,实证分析了京津冀地区2005～2012年间的物质代谢规模、强度、效率。结果表明：（1）京津冀物质代谢规模呈上升趋势,河北省物质代谢规模明显大于北京和天津;（2）河北和天津物质代谢强度呈上升趋势,北京市物质代谢强度呈下降趋势,且整体上低于河北和天津;（3）京津冀物质生产力2012年相比2005年分别提高了114.63%、74.8%和14.28%,环境效率分别提高了17548%、86.65%、7.21%。研究结果可为京津冀协同发展提供科学依据和指导,也为该区域可持续发展研究奠定了基础。     

矿井绝对瓦斯涌出量的新陈代谢GM(1,1)预测

简要论述了瓦斯涌出量预测方法,结合国内实际,提出灰色模型预测方法,并根据该矿过去十年的瓦斯绝对涌出量资料建立了新陈代谢GM(1,1)模型。通过模型的求解,给出预测结果,并对结果进行检验。而且将未来5年的瓦斯绝对涌出量预测值用折线图画出,分析了其总体趋势并给出大体的建议。     

Socio-ecological regime transitions in Austria and the United Kingdom

We employ the concepts of socio-ecological regime and regime transition to better understand the biophysical causes and consequences of industrialization. For two case studies, the United Kingdom and Austria we describe two steps in a major transition from an agrarian to an industrial socio-ecological regime and the resulting consequences for energy use, land use and labour organization. In a first step, the coal based industrial regime co-existed with an agricultural sector remaining within the bounds of the old regime. In a second step, the oil/electricity based industrial regime, agriculture was integrated into the new pattern and the socio-ecological transition had been completed. Industrialization offers an answer to the input and growth related sustainability problems of the agrarian regime but creates new sustainability problems of a larger scale. While today's industrial societies are stabilizing their resource use albeit at an unsustainable level large parts of the global society are in midst of the old industrial transition. This poses severe problems for global sustainability.     

基于改进的灰色模型对货物周转量的预测——以云南省货物周转量为例

现代物流业作为中国现代服务业的重要组成部分,对提高国民经济运营质量、优化经济流程、调整经济结构、扩大内需、增进社会福利等都具有全局性的积极影响。它也逐渐被认为是继降低物资消耗、提高劳动生产率之后的又一重要的利润源泉。货物周转量的衡量与计算比较容易,而货物周转量与物流量之间的关系,使得对于物流周转量的预测显得十分必要。     

矿产资源开发的物质流分析

在界定矿产资源开发物质代谢含义的基础上,从复杂性、可控性、连续性、差异性等方面分析了矿产资源开发物质代谢的特征.认为开展矿产资源开发的物质流分析可以为矿产资源开发环境压力分析提供依据、为矿业循环经济的发展提供支持.从矿产资源开发物质流分析原则出发,提出了矿产资源开发物质流分析的方法、构建了矿产资源开发物质流分析的账户体系及指标体系.