Relationships between transport emissions and travel patterns in Britain

This paper explores the relationship between transport emissions and various measures of passenger travel patterns in Britain. The paper uses original data from the 1989/91 National Travel Survey and identifies a method for incorporating a range of vehicle operating conditions into calculations of vehicle emissions and energy consumption for each journey recorded in the National Travel Survey data. The paper shows that travel distance is a reasonable proxy for vehicle energy consumption and emissions of most pollutants. Travel distance per person is therefore a simple and readily available environmental indicator for transport. This indicator has potential application in the assessment of current transport policies and programmes and in the development of future policies and programmes.     

Consumers’ perspectives on online banking services

The forces of economic change, coupled with advancements in technology, prompt banks to rethink their use of traditional branches and begin forming new partnerships to deliver financial services. The Internet seems to be the new delivery channel in the banking sector. Factors such as the security of personal data or the reliability of a financial institution have been identified by previous studies as the determinants of electronic‐banking adoption. In this paper, a series of new factors, such as the difficulties of using the Internet, are shown to play a crucial role in the consumer’s attitude – adoption or rejection – of this new alternative channel. We examine consumer behaviour by modelling multivariate categorical response data using a generalized linear model. Our choice model is based on the assumption that an individual’s decision to use electronic services depends on a number of explanatory variables, and we try to estimate the factors that affect an individual’s decision to use online services.     

古汉语动词词义引申的义素运动模式研究

从义素运动变化的视角研究,发现古汉语动词词义引中存在一定的内在机制和规律。动词词义引申过程中本义所含的义素或与本义密切关联的义素运动变化的模式,大致有三种。     

我国流动商的类型及上市方式和行为特征研究

本文界定了流动性商人的内涵 ,并进行了分类 ,归纳总结了我国流动性商人的几种典型上市方式 ;在此基础上 ,从区域与地方性市场两个层面上对我国东西部流动商的行为特征进行比较分析 ,指出西部地区市场发展存在的缺陷和不足 ;最后 ,提出了推进流动商市民化的对策建议。     

Strategies and language trends in learning success and failure of negotiation

In negotiation by electronic means, language is an important deal-making tool which helps realize negotiation strategies. Negotiators may use language to request information, exchange offers, persuade, threaten, as well as reach a compromise or find prospective partners. All this is recorded in texts exchanged by negotiators. We explore the language signals of strategies—argumentation, persuasion, negation, proposition. Leech and Svartvik’s approach to language in communication gives our study the necessary systematic background. It combines pragmatics, the communicative grammar and the meaning of English verbs. Language signals become features in the task of classifying those texts. We employ Statistical Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning techniques to find general trends that negotiation texts exhibit. Our hypothesis is that language signals help predict negotiation outcomes. We run experiments on the Inspire data. The electronic negotiation support system Inspire was gathering data for several years. The data include text messages which negotiators may exchange while trading offers. We conduct a series of Machine Learning experiments to predict the negotiation outcome from the texts associated with first halves of negotiations. We compare the results with the classification of complete negotiations. We conclude the paper with an analysis of the results and a list of suggestions for future work.     

基于状态相关字段识别的未知二进制协议状态机逆向方法

协议状态机逆构技术是分析未知协议行为逻辑的基本方法,是网络安全、信息对抗领域的一个重要研究方向。针对截获的未知二进制协议的通信数据,提出了一种二进制协议状态机逆向方法,该方法能够根据通信数据逆构协议状态转移图。在该方法中,设计了针对通信数据帧的基于多序列比对的对应字段对齐算法以及基于字段统计量分析的协议状态相关字段提取算法,并根据提取出的协议状态相关字段构建状态转换模型。在地址解析协议（ARP）和传输控制协议（TCP）上的实验结果表明该方法能够有效逆构出协议的状态转换模型。     

Economic depression in the world

We create a dataset of country experience with economic depression around the world. We define a depression episode as a period of cumulative decline in per capita output of 20% or more lasting at least four years. We find depressions are surprisingly common. We describe their incidence and onset over decades, regions, and levels of development. We identify economic, political, financial, and cultural variables that are associated with depressions. Probit analysis reveals that the probability of entering or exiting a depression is influenced by domestic and international shocks.     

Organizational Diffusion of Information Technology

Information cxchange within U.S. and Japanese firms is explored. Usage of traditional communication forms (verbal, doc- uments, conferences), FAX, and computer based information technol- ogies (computers, electronic ordering systems, local area networks, point-of-sale systems, and value added networks) are examined. While U.S. firms are found to adopt computer based technologies more aggressively, Japanese firms utilize FAX transmission more. To explain pattern differences, two cultural theories are contrasted. E.T. Hall's communication context theory is more consistent with the findings than Geert Hofstede's work-related values dimensions.     

谈主位推进模式在译语语篇中的再现——《匆匆》三个英译本的比较分析

功能语言学中的主位推进模式是语篇生成的重要形式手段，近年来，语篇在翻译中的重要性愈来愈得到重视。现把主位推进模式作为重要的参考依据，分析了朱自清名篇《匆匆》的三个英译本，可以看到，在译者组织译语语篇时，如果把握住主位述位之间的联系变化，则有利于更全面地再现原文的谋篇意义和交际意义。当译文与源语之间存在结构以及表达习惯等的差异和冲突时，应该做出适当转换和调整，既使译文符合译语的句法习惯，又使重建的主位推进模式能够再现原文语篇风格。     

自动检测粘贴及整形装置设计应用

介绍了该装置的结构、工作原理及各部件之间的动作配合,创新在于:采用非接触式、环保的箱烟缺条检测算法-二值化算法实现视觉检测功能;能实行智能化粘贴,引入胶带的滚轮组可以根据实际情况调整封箱胶带的松紧程度,保证封箱胶带的粘接强度,不出现褶皱,重叠缺陷等;旋转式程序控制的整形机构使烟箱胶带翘边率降低到1%以下。