林业收储在林权抵押贷款信用风险控制中作用研究

研究采用担保理论,通过实地考察福建省林业收储运作情况获取资料,基于控制林权抵押贷款信用风险的视角研究林业收储的作用;指出林权是林权抵押贷款关键的信用风险因素,但是,存在安全性与流动性风险等问题;介绍了林业收储运作流程并讨论了林业收储控制林权抵押贷款信用风险的路径,认为林业收储降低了抵押林权的真实性与变现性风险;指出林业收储存在过于依赖财政拨款、规模较小与缺乏合理的保值增值机制等局限性,林业收储无法从根本上化解林权抵押贷款中尚存在的抵押林权的安全性、流动性等风险;提出引入社会资本,建立政府财政收购机制,优化林权抵押贷款生态环境等建议。     

Subprime governance: Agency costs in vertically integrated banks and the 2008 mortgage crisis

Research summary: This study uses the 2008 mortgage crisis to demonstrate how the relationship between vertical integration and performance crucially depends on corporate governance. Prior research has argued that the vertical integration of mortgage origination and securitization aligned divisional incentives and improved lending quality. We show that vertical integration improved loan performance only in those firms with strong corporate governance and that this performance‐integration relationship strongly decreases and actually reverses as governance quality decreases. We interpret these findings as suggesting that the additional control afforded by vertical integration can, in the hands of poorly monitored managers, offset gains from aligned divisional incentives. These findings support the view that corporate governance influences the strategic outcomes of a firm, in our case, by influencing the effectiveness of boundary decisions. Managerial summary: One of the unanswered questions of the 2008 mortgage crisis is why some firms produced toxic mortgages and others did not. Many have argued that vertically integrated banks—banks that both originated and securitized mortgages—had incentives to monitor themselves and thereby avoid overaggressive lending and outright fraud. Yet many of the worst lenders, such as Washington Mutual and New Century Financial, were in fact integrated. This study shows that the behavior of these firms critically depended on their corporate governance. We find that poorly monitored executives used their additional control over the integrated businesses to issue low quality loans that supported short‐term growth. Our results suggest that governance is a crucial prerequisite for financial services, particularly for firms whose managers control multiple, interrelated businesses. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

房地产证券化的支撑理论梳理

房地产证券化作为一种金融创新,它在使各个交易主体充分发挥自身优势的同时,降低了风险和成本。一过程的完成,不仅有其实践的需要,也具有理论的支撑。对房地产证券化涉及的相关理论进行梳理,有利于为中即将进行的房地产证券化在理论层面上奠定一个基础。     

美国版权证券化的困境析

鲍伊债券在美国开启了知识产权证券化的大门,一度兴盛,但现在呈现困顿状态,原因主要有五个,其中版权所有权和版权担保权益公示问题是困扰版权证券化的主因。理清这些原因,有助于我们理性看待版权证券化本身及其在中国的发展前景。     

利用钢结构建筑残值证券化实现钢铁资源储备

在地球资源枯竭之前,为了国家在未来的国际资源争夺战中占领制高点,应未雨绸缪对资源实现大规模的战略储备。当前,利用我国建筑业高速发展机遇期,大规模推广钢结构建筑以求较大规模钢铁集中消耗形成＂藏钢于屋＂即可实现钢铁资源的战略储备,这样一种储备不会影响钢铁资源在建筑中使用价值的发挥,从而规避了＂冬眠＂式储备。钢结构建筑成本高是制约其发展的瓶颈,根据钢结构建筑中钢材易集中回收以及残值较高的特点,文章提出了钢结构建筑残值证券化的新概念。采用钢结构建筑残值证券化手段,可以让证券持有人在分享因资源枯竭或通货膨胀带来的丰厚收益的同时分担高昂的建造成本,从而能够使国家以超低成本或零成本实现大规模钢铁资源战略储备。     

中国的金融市场开发要打造新的模式

当今全球的金融市场上,市场对金融系统的压力越来越大,传统的融资方式已经不能满足投资者的需要。一种新的金融工具—贷款证券化,使资金拥有者可以通过这一渠道将资金转移到贷款者手中。这种形式可以很好地解决当今社会许多融资难的问题,如果能够在我国的金融体系中得到完善,会极大地促进我国的经济建设,也能很好地解决我国金融体系的现实问题。     

汇率与股价波动研究——基于中国与日本高频数据的ARCH检验

次贷危机发生前，汇率与股指存在ARCH效应，且均有不对称信息的冲击，波动存在持续性的影响；次贷危机发生后，汇率与股价都不存在ARCH效应，系统性风险和非系统性风险暴露出来使得汇率对股市的波动影响降低，从而促进投资者风险得到有效对坤。     

后次贷危机视角下我国宏观调控政策的思考

通过对中美两国GDP等宏观经济指标数据进行数理分析，验证了美国经济波动对我国经济运行的影响，并详细论述了后次贷危机视角下我国重点领域将受到的影响。在借鉴经济理论、历史经验的基础上，从财政政策、货币政策、产业政策等方面，提出相应的宏观调控的政策建议。     

Bias in estimates of discrimination and default in mortgage lending: The effects of simultaneity and self-selection

The common practices of estimating single-equation models of mortgage rejection to test for discrimination in mortgage markets or single-equation ex ante mortgage default equations to validate underwriting criteria produce biased and inconsistent parameter estimates. This is due to problems of simultaneous equations bias which arise because, in a world of imperfect information, mortgage terms are not exogenous to the rejection or default decision. In addition, mortgage default estimates are also subject to selection bias. Monte Carlo experiments are used to study the nature and extent of likely bias in single-equation estimation results. We find that rejection equation estimates indicate discrimination when none exists and that estimated coefficients of mortgage terms, such as the loan-to-value ratio, are also subject to significant bias in both rejection and default equations.     

论我国住房抵押贷款证券化

本文以借鉴和运用资产证券化这一金融创新工具为出发点，论证我国实行住房抵押贷款证券化的必要性，并提出应采取的对策选择。