空调器室外机防踩踏包装的结构设计

本文详细论述了空调器室外机具有防踩踏功能包装结构的设计方案,该方案解决了如何进行防踩踏包装结构设计的问题,并通过实例证实了其可行性。其结论表明,具有防踩踏功能的包装结构不仅功能好,而且成本低,具有很大的参考价值。     

Intended and unintended termination of international joint ventures

This study proposes that international joint ventures (IJVs) are terminated either when the initial purposes of the formation of the IJV have been achieved (intended termination), or when unanticipated contingencies that emerge in the external, internal, or inter‐partner conditions after the establishment of the IJV impede the continuation of its operation (unintended termination). Our study examines the factors that affect intended and unintended termination and the longevity of IJVs. The findings show that approximately 90 percent of all IJV terminations are unintended and 10 percent intended, and that the frequency of intended termination and unintended termination varies noticeably depending on the initial purposes of formation. This suggests that the termination of IJVs is significantly contingent on their formation. The findings also show that the longevity of IJVs varies according to the initial purposes of formation, the initial conditions under which the IJV is formed, and the types of unanticipated contingencies that it encounters. The key theoretical issues and practical implications of the distinction between the intended and unintended termination of IJVs are also discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

信贷市场、资本市场与我国的储蓄投资转化率

储蓄向投资转化是金融体系最基本的功能.本文首先从理论上论证信贷市场、资本市场在储蓄投资转化过程中是竞争又合作的动态互补关系,接着以灰色关联度的数量方法论证我国目前正处于金融体系历史演变阶段中的弱市场导向阶段,信贷市场仍然在储蓄向投资转化的过程中占主体地位,以股市为代表的资本市场对储蓄投资转化率的影响较小,但已呈现出向上发展的态势.我国应在加大银行部门发展的基础上大力发展资本市场,并从法律政策、政府监管等方面进行完善,充分发挥资本市场的作用,建立适合中国自身特点的金融结构.     

上市公司股权结构对企业价值的影响分析

本文基于大股东所属产权类型，从理论和实证两方面就我国上市公司股权结构对企业价值的影响进行研究，试图克服目前国内相关研究“股权分类不彻底、股东持股比例计算方法不合理、ROE度量企业价值不合理”的缺陷。研究结果表明，第一大股东持股比例对企业价值的影响呈倒U形态；较之于其他类型，私营产权控股股东对企业价值的影响要显著很多。本文还分析了股权分置改革后上市公司股权结构对企业价值影响的新变化。     

上市公司股权结构与经营绩效的实证分析

股权结构与公司经营绩效之间的关系一直是国内外学者在理论和实践上争论的问题。股权结构是决定公司治理结构的基础,而公司治理效率的高低最终表现在公司经营绩效上。从股权所有制构成和股权集中度两个方面对我国上市公司的股权结构与经营绩效的实证分析表明,股权结构与经营绩效之间存在非常密切的内在联系。     

城乡统筹发展的理论梳理和深入探讨

无论是马克思主义还是西方新古典主义或者发展经济学都从不同层面上深入探讨了城乡统筹的本质和关键内容。统筹城乡经济社会发展必须深入研究造成中国二元经济结构的一般和特殊性问题。总结中国城乡发展失衡的内在机理,除了中国特色的工业化道路诱致和加剧了城乡二元结构的产生,一系列配套政策的实施则固化了二元结构的现状。中国二元经济结构的转变,不仅要实现农业剩余劳动力的转移,而且必须全面解决“三农”问题以及城市与乡村、经济和社会的协调发展问题。     

我国税负区域性分布的归宿分析

税收政策在缩小地区贫富差距方面具有显著效果。针对现有区域性税收优惠政策,应当及时纠正向东部地区过度倾斜的累退性导向,以实现地区范畴上的公平对待,并避免在新一轮经济发展中出现各地争设各类开发区、园区的风潮。同时根据不同地区的经济结构差异,应积极推动各地,尤其是中西部地区实现产业优化和升级,以自动调整区域税负分布状况。此外,消费行为及其结构也会在微观层面对税负分布及归宿产生影响。对区域性因素的扰动进行计量分析,可以在因地制宜的基础上,促进区域税负分布格局的合理化。     

Cascading contingent protection and vertical market structure

Cascading contingent protection may occur when protection of an upstream industry transfers injury to the downstream industry and increases the likelihood that this industry asks and receives protection. This paper examines cascading protection within a sequential petitioning model where the upstream industry acts as leader. The analysis identifies market structure and the vertical linkage between the upstream and the downstream industry as important determinants of the occurrence of cascading protection. It is shown that the circumstances which make cascading protection more likely to occur also make it more likely that this protection has serious negative welfare consequences.     

石化产业结构调整中的若干问题

90年代以来,世界石化市场重心偏移亚洲,中国石化工业面临着激烈的币场竞争,根据2000年我国石化工业市场占有率的目标提出了市场、产销一体化、规模、产业布局、相关产业和体制改革等产业结构调整中的问题和相应实施的措施。     

Age-based policy for blood transshipment during blood shortage

This paper introduces the properties of inventory structure for both rescue and affected banks during blood shortage. An age-based transshipment model is developed, with two preference selection methods for transshipping blood units being presented. Compared to quantity-based policy, the age-based policy under first-in-first-transship is recommended as it can reduce the expired rate more efficiently. Under simulation operating scenarios with time-varying demand and supply, we analyzed the sensitivity of parameters, which include expected supply period, shelf life and blood shortage period. Additionally, this study reveals that the transshipment decision will increase the expired ratio and the overstock ratio after blood shortage.