European Agriculture in Transition

The uncertainties facing European agriculture have rarely been greater. The combination of the Reform of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), the agricultural negotiations in the Uruguay Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the impact on agricultural trade of the liberalisation of the Central and Eastern European (CEE) economies produce a greater set of challenges than at any other time this century. These three sets of issues have four features in common. First, they are all of such a scale that they could have signifcant effects on the economic circumstances facing European farmers. Second, they are intensely political and thus the outcome is extremely difficult to predict. Third, they all involve processes which will span several years, they are not once-off events. Fourth, they all move in the direction of increasing competitive pressures on West European agriculture. The paper proceeds in four parts. Parts one to three summarise the main components of each of the three issues and the scale and timetable of the changes they may bring about. The fourth part contains a discussion of the interactions between the three issues and assessment of the direction and magnitude of the effects of the changes. Anticipating the conclusions, imagine agriculture in the EC (and, mutatis mutandi, EFTA) as a basket of sikworm cocoons! Our farmers have already been through several stages of their metamorphosis. Having gorged themselves for decades on the mulberry leaves of taxpayer-provided subsidies, they are now cosily embraced in the tangled and extremely protective web of the CAP. For sound internal and external reasons, this protective shield of silk is being unwound. The result will be an industry which is more exposed to the elements. The environment facing farmers will be less certain, more variable, there will be more competition and less protection against predators. Many of the moths will not survive the harsh climate outside the cocoon. Equally, however the larger, better nourished and fitter ones will make it. They will ensure the survival of the species. But as is often the case in nature, many may perish in order that the rest survive. It is also likely to be the case that fewer of those who care for and supply to the silkworms will be required for this smaller, stronger, more productive surviving population.     

切面式教学法（AOT）及其在跨学科人才培养中的应用

当今社会对多元化人才的需求日趋迫切,因此需求导向型的人才培养模式也逐渐成为21世纪教育体制发展与变革的根本动力.该模式下,人才培养的核心在于“学科融合”,即通过教学流程的重构来优化学习过程、提高人才培养效率.文章以金融信息化课程为例,从人才培养目标、教学难点分析、教学对策分析三个角度分析了跨学科人才培养中的具体问题,并独创性的提出“切面教学（Aspect Oriented Training）”这一复合型人才培养的新思路.     

涡旋压缩机系统回油分析

涡旋压缩机中的润滑油就像人体中的血液,供应不足对自身有致命的危险。本文就涡旋压缩机空调系统润滑油的回流做简要分析,以便提高涡旋压缩机可靠性。     

我国石油施工作业风险管理探讨

石油施工作业是一种高风险作业,一旦发生事故,不仅会给企业造成巨大的经济损失,而且会造成极大的环境破坏,损害企业形象,因此,风险管理对于石油企业显得更为重要。如何完善石油施工作业的风险分析,加强石油施工作业的风险控制,提高石油施工作业的风险管理水平,已成为石油企业的当务之急。本文就石油施工作业的风险管理问题进行了探讨,并结合国内的实际情况,提出了一些具体的建议和措施,希望对我国石油企业的稳步发展有所助益。     

石油企业海外并购绩效评价及并购新趋势

伴随着全球近年来掀起的又一轮并购高潮,国际石油企业凭借良好的绩效表现逐步占据了《财富》500强排行榜的显著位置。与以往不同的是,本轮国际石油企业并购出现了许多新的趋势,给中国石油企业拓展海外并购业务提出了新的挑战。中国石油企业应根据这些新的趋势,确定未来海外并购重点及业务拓展方向。     

Upside/Downside spillovers between oil and Chinese stock sectors: From the global financial crisis to global pandemic

This paper examines the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak, recent oil price fall, and both global and European financial crises on dependence structure and asymmetric risk spillovers between crude oil and Chinese stock sectors. Using time-varying symmetric and asymmetric copula functions and the conditional Value at Risk measure, we provide evidence of positive tail dependence in most sectors using copula and conditional Value-at-Risk techniques. We can see the average dependence between oil and industries during the oil crisis. Moreover, we find strong evidence of bidirectional risk spillovers for all oil-sector pairs. The intensity of risk spillovers from oil to all stock sectors varies across sectors. The risk spillovers from sectors to oil are substantially larger than those from oil to sectors during COVID-19. Furthermore, the return spillover is time varying and sensitive to external shocks. The spillover strengths are higher during COVID-19 than financial and oil crises. Finally, oil do not exhibit neither hedge nor safe-haven characteristics irrespective of crisis periods.     

基于主成分因子分析法的石油央企财务绩效评价研究

中国三大石油央企均入围2012年度的世界500强,它们的排名分别是第5、6和101,然而世界500强的排名是以营业收入为依据.尽管这三家公司都有其各自的财务报表,但我们仍然无法直观的比较其财务绩效的好坏.因此,我们构建了一套财务绩效评价指标体系,并使用主成分因子分析法来评价与比较它们的财务绩效.     

蓖麻油醇酸树脂化工原理与用途

摘要：本文以醇酸树脂的化工原理为理论导向,结合蓖麻油的物化特性,论述了蓖麻油醇酸树脂生产过程和产品在油漆工业中的利用。     

智能提捞采油防喷管柱研究与应用

智能提捞采油是适合于低渗透油田开发的低能耗举升工艺,但防喷管柱在气大、高压井的试验应用过程中存在安全隐患。针对管柱内径小、施工过程中易堵塞油管通道等问题进行研究,通过改进管柱结构,重新设计活堵,扩大管柱最小内径,保证举升通道的顺畅。     

山茶油企业发展研究——以安徽为例

被誉为＂东方橄榄油＂的山茶油产品,在我国食用植物油市场上正异军突起。基于相关文献资料及企业实际调查研究,并以安徽为例讨论山茶油企业发展现状,系统环境趋向于好,即方针政策有利、行业态势看好和市场需求旺盛;企业发展喜忧并存,总体发展可圈可点、行业竞争对手复杂和企业具体问题不少。并且提出客观应对总体态势及加强企业自身发展的相关对策。