Volatility–volume co-movements: evidence from China metal markets

This article investigates the interactional relationship between price volatility and futures trading activity for three heavily traded metal products on the Shanghai Metal Exchange and the Shanghai Futures Exchange. Using models based on vector autoregression and generalized method of moments, we show, in particular, that futures trading activity has a strong impact on both spot and futures price volatility in copper and aluminium markets. Futures trading activity leads spot market volatility in copper and aluminium markets which suggests that futures markets have a destabilizing effect. In order to disentangle the effect of different traders’ types on asset price movements, we decompose futures trading into speculators’ and hedgers’ trading and investigate their contributions to volatility. As a robustness check, we investigate the impact of endogenous structural breaks on the interactional relationship between price volatility and futures trading.     

An investigation on the relationship between return and trading volume: asymmetric V-type or asymmetric increasing-type pattern

This paper develops a new mechanism that takes into account the fast change in behaviours of futures returns and trading volumes in order to model the time-varying and quantile-varying dependence between return and volume for energy-related futures products traded on TOCOM, NYMEX and ICE Futures Europe. A logistic function with the product of one-step-ahead expectations of return and volume as a transition variable is used to depict the time-varying weight of a mixture copula. This paper then employs a mixture copula of a Gumbel copula and a rotated Gumbel copula to detect the asymmetric V-type pattern and uses a mixture copula of a Gumbel copula and a survival Gumbel copula to measure the asymmetric increasing-type pattern. Empirical results demonstrate that the asymmetric V-type pattern is a more appropriate specification to characterize the return–volume nexus than the asymmetric increasing-type pattern, irrespective of the types of energy-related futures products and futures exchanges. The time-varying dependence has greater dependence in the lower–upper corner of the joint distribution than in the upper–upper corner of the joint distribution, implying that market participants believe that market reversals are more likely during periods of price declines than in periods of price increases. Moreover, this paper shows the inappropriateness of the two-step estimation method that has been widely used in the existing literature.     

股指期货交易量对股指现货波动影响研究——来自香港恒生指数的实证

本文以香港恒生股票指数及其期货为样本,研究了股指波动性与指数期货交易量之间的单向因果关系。研究表明:股指现货市场的日间价格波动并没有明显增加股指期货的交易;但股指期货交易量的显著变化会导致未来一周后股票市场波动性的增加。这从一定程度上反映了香港市场股指期货主要被投资者用于套利而不是风险对冲的工具。     

Organizational antecedents to and consequences of service business orientations in manufacturing companies

Although various manufacturing companies have developed into total solution providers, no research addresses their service orientations. Building on the literature on organizational service climate, this study explores the organizational parameters and service business orientations that explain relative product sales and service volume of manufacturing companies. Following an exploratory study involving in-depth interviews, the authors conducted an empirical survey of 137 companies in The Netherlands, Belgium, and Denmark. The study assesses the effects of organizational parameters on the implementation of service business orientations and validates the important distinction between services in support of the client’s actions (SSC) and services in the support of the product (SSP). The findings demonstrate that services in support of the client’s action leverage relative product sales, while services in support of the product generate service volume. In addition to the main effects, the moderating effects of the organizational parameters are discussed.

公路短时车流量预测模型研究

为解决公路交通拥堵,做好道路交通安全规划,应加强对道路交通车流量的实时监控和预测,以便及时发现当前交通的非正常拥堵状况,提高人民的出行效率。公路短时车流量的监测数据具有不确定性和非线性的特点,针对这些特点,运用灰色系统理论预测模型和时间序列的ARIMA预测模型分别对车流量状况进行预测。在此基础上,提出将二者相结合的车流量组合预测模型。通过实例对比分析,得出组合预测模型的预测精度高于单独使用灰色预测模型和时间序列分析模型的结论,该模型可以作为短时车流量预测的一种有效方法。     

提高我国耙吸挖泥船装载土方量的方法研究

本文从疏浚机理出发,结合"新海牛"号耙吸挖泥船在长江口疏浚作业时的数据分析,总结了我国耙吸挖泥船当前施工现状,并提出了有效提升装载土方量、提高装载效率的方法。     

灰色预测模型在客运量预测中的应用

运用灰色理论,根据2000～2009年宁波市客运量数据,建立灰色GM 1,1预测模型并进行预测,结果表明预测精度较高,说明了该方法用于客运量预测的可行性和有效性,并在此基础上对2010～2014年的宁波市客运量作出预测。     

加强管输原油计量交接管理的探讨

对国内外原油计量技术、我国原油贸易计量与国际间的差距等进行了阐述。从长远来看,寻找一个既与国际接轨又适合我国国情的先进的原油计量交接方法是非常必要的。     

Trading Frictions and House Price Dynamics

We model liquidity in housing markets. The model provides a simple characterization for the joint process of prices, sales, and inventory. We compare the implications of the model to certain properties of housing markets. The model can generate the large price changes and the positive correlation between prices and sales that we see in the data. Unlike the data, prices are negatively autocorrelated and high inventory predicts price appreciation. We investigate several amendments to the model. Informational frictions show promise.     

Disagreement and equilibrium option trading volume

Using a complete market equilibrium model, we present results concerning the effect disagreement has on equilibrium option trading volume and positioning. We find that if agents agree on volatility, total option volume is independent of wealth distribution and average optimism. We also find option volume increasing in drift disagreement and decreasing in risk aversion and volatility. Pessimists are shown to write most options. With volatility disagreement, the results are less clear; however, we show agents with high volatility beliefs write deep out of the money options and buy close to the money options. Numerical comparative statics are also performed. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.