经济学两种范式关于人性假设前提的比较分析

西方经济学与马克思主义经济学作为两种不同的经济学范式,在对经济行为主体人性假设前提问题上迥然有异.文章对马克思主义经济学与西方经济学的人性假设进行了比较分析,认为\"社会人\"与\"经济人\"人性的不同假设成为两大范式的分水岭,这涉及人性与人的本质问题的认识,要全面地、联系地、发展地来考虑人性假设问题,提出一个具有更强解释力的经济学人性假定,演绎出一个能反映个人与社会现实互动关系的理论框架,促进经济学的发展.     

产业网络成长范式研究:基于创新与互补性资产视角

施氏产业微笑曲线认为在成熟的产业经济中,能给产业带来高附加值的关键环节是研发设计和销售品牌环节。然而,随着产业价值链的分解,各个环节形成了大量相对独立厂商,那么原来仅仅依靠技术创新的成长范式已经远远不能够适应产业经济形势的发展,所产生的附加值也没有原来那么高。那么,产业经济需要新的成长发展范式,即企业之间根据不确定性组建产业网络,依靠互补性资产和持续创新实现产业经济的永续发展。     

Participant‐focused analysis: explanatory power of the classic psychometric paradigm in risk perception

Typical psychometric paradigm factors appear to have greater explanatory power for individual participants than previously envisaged. It is possible to acquire interpretable information about single participants using two factors (catastrophic potential and social and personal exposure) from aggregated participant‐focused data. Our results suggest that the classical psychometric model originated by Fischhoff and Slovic in the early 1980s to explain differences among hazards may also be capable of accounting for differences among participants. While socio‐demographic conditions on their own do not have substantial explanatory power, they are statistically significant and appear to dictate the position of participants within the factor space obtained using a participant‐focused analysis. One of the principal criticisms of the psychometric paradigm has been its lack of interpretability when using disaggregated data, but incorporating socio‐demographic variables overcomes this limitation.     

The Market for Corporate Control and the Agency Paradigm

The paper analyzes the role of agency driven takeover activity. The analysis shows that takeovers can play an important role in reducing agency costs even though the gains from the corporate restructuring that follows the takeovers are zero, which counters existing models of agency driven takeover activity. The model can therefore form the basis for deriving empirical predictions which discriminate between the agency paradigm and the corporate restructuring paradigm of takeover activity. Negative post-merger performance (Agrawal et al., 1992), which is inconsistent with corporate restructuring is consistent with this model, and that takeover targets' investment levels are below or at the average (Servaes 1994), which is inconsistent with the free cash flow theory is also consistent with this model.     

人力资本主导范式下的两权融合与分离

所有权与经营权如何配置是影响和决定企业核心竞争力的基础制度问题,两权配置是否科学合理将从根本上关系着企业的兴衰成败。从整体看,企业所有权与经营权的制度安排有两种范式:一是物质资本主导下的传统制度范式;二是由人力资本所主导的新生制度范式。人力资本主导范式企业的两权配置需要实行人合物离模式,具体为:需要以人力资本所有权与经营权的完全融合为配置基础,在此基础上由人力资本主导的极致分离物质资本所有权与经营权的结合。人合物离模式集成了两权分离与两权融合两种配置模式的优势,将适应新经济的要求,其精髓在于该模式实现了以人为本与以利为本的有机结合,是现代企业制度发展的主流终极配置模式。     

Criteria of systems thinking

In science, the framework of systems theory—especially as developed over the past two decades—seems to be the ideal framework to express the emerging ecological paradigm. This article addresses the question: what is systems thinking—and more generally, holistic or ecological thinking—in modern science? The author identifies three key aspects of systems thinking that are characteristic in all the sciences. In presenting these aspects, the transition from the old to the new paradigm for each aspect is emphasized.     

Institutions and the OLI paradigm of the multinational enterprise

The prevailing ownership-based theories of the firm are increasingly being challenged by new forms of organising, as exemplified by the Asian network multinational enterprise (MNE). We believe that an institutional approach, that tries to bridge both the macro and micro levels of analysis, and that encompasses both formal and informal institutions, offers a promising way to advance our understanding of the different forms of the contemporary MNE. This paper introduces a theoretical framework that draws substantially on the work of Douglass North, and examines how an institutional dimension can be incorporated into the three components of the OLI paradigm.