巴布亚新几内亚Mendi-Kandep公路软基处置设计与实现

以巴布亚新几内亚Mendi-Kandep公路为背景,介绍了在热带多雨地区资源匮乏的情况下公路软基处置的换填垫层法和土工织物加固法结合使用的效果,说明这种方法的有效性和经济性,同时通过现场试验确定了土工织物的布设及受力特点,并对垫层尺寸的计算方法进行了说明。     

换填法在上思县污水处理厂地基处理中的应用

文章以上思县污水处理厂地基处理为例,简要介绍了软弱膨胀土地基这一种比较特殊的地基。全厂新建建筑物较多,结构形式多样,对不均匀胀缩变形的适应能力和地基使用要求均不同。因此,经慎重研究比较,合理选择运用地基处理方案,对于保证建筑物安全可靠、节省投资及加快工程进度都具有十分重要的意义。     

低承载力处涵洞的基础设计

在地基承载力较低的位置设置涵洞时往往会因为地基承载力小于涵洞基底应力而需要进行大量换填,当采用整体式基础涵洞时可以大大减少涵洞的基底应力从而使地基承载力满足要求。     

浅析水工建筑结构中缺陷混凝土的处理方法

水工混凝土建筑物由地何种庞大、施工周期长、结构及运行条件复杂等特点,使其在施工及运行过程中难免产生各种各样的缺陷,如裂缝、渗漏、冲磨破坏等。如何有效地处理水工混凝土建筑物的缺陷,使水利工程正常地发挥其效益消除隐患是水利科研人员所面临的一个重要课题。本文介绍了几种缺陷混凝土的处理技术及置换混凝土的施工工艺流程,及其施工注意事项和相关技术措施。     

Cost effectiveness of transcatheter aortic valve replacement compared to medical management in inoperable patients with severe aortic stenosis: Canadian analysis based on the PARTNER Trial Cohort B findings

Abstract

Objective:

The only effective treatment for severe aortic stenosis (AS) is valve replacement. However, many patients with co-existing conditions are ineligible for surgical valve replacement, historically leaving medical management (MM) as the only option which has a poor prognosis. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) is a less invasive replacement method. The objective was to estimate cost-effectiveness of TAVR via transfemoral access vs MM in surgically inoperable patients with severe AS from the Canadian public healthcare system perspective.

Methods:

A cost-effectiveness analysis of TAVR vs MM was conducted using a deterministic decision analytic model over a 3-year time horizon. The PARTNER randomized controlled trial results were used to estimate survival, utilities, and some resource utilization. Costs included the valve replacement procedure, complications, hospitalization, outpatient visits/tests, and home/nursing care. Resources were valued (2009 Canadian dollars) using costs from the Ontario Case Costing Initiative (OCCI), Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care and Ontario Drug Benefits Formulary, or were estimated using relative costs from a French economic evaluation or clinical experts. Costs and outcomes were discounted 5% annually. The effect of uncertainty in model parameters was explored in deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis.

Results:

The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was $32,170 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained for TAVR vs MM. When the time horizon was shortened to 24 and 12 months, the ICER increased to $52,848 and $157,429, respectively. All other sensitivity analysis returned an ICER of less than $50,000/QALY gained.

Limitations:

A limitation was lack of availability of Canadian-specific resource and cost data for all resources, leaving one to rely on clinical experts and data from France to inform certain parameters.

Conclusions:

Based on the results of this analysis, it can be concluded that TAVR is cost-effective compared to MM for the treatment of severe AS in surgically inoperable patients.     

A technology replacement model with variable market potential — An empirical study of CRT and LCD TV

The rapidly changing economic environment and increasingly fierce competition indicate that companies must innovate in both their products and marketing strategies if they are to continue to flourish. Specifically, the ability to accurately predict the demand for products is crucial when firms decide to allocate their resources, especially in the fast moving high technology industries, where there is very high investment in R&D and production facilities. This study establishes a forecast model for technology replacement based on the diffusion model with population growth used for the variable market potential. The proposed model is then applied to investigate the CRT and LCD TV market.The results suggest that the new model is more accurate than the constant market potential model in fitting and forecasting performance. Consumers who purchase a TV for the first time are likely more attracted to LCD TV rather than CRT TV. As for those individuals who already own a CRT TV, the attraction is not strong enough to encourage them to replace their current CRT TV with a new LCD TV. Moreover, it is noted that the falling price of LCD TV is an essential factor in encouraging purchases.     

Strategic default,workout, and commercial mortgage valuation

This paper extends existing equilibrium commercial mortgage pricing models by endogenizing negotiated workout into the usual noncooperative lending game. Workout is a feasible subgame strategy for the lender to play whenever foreclosure transaction costs exist for either party to a loan transaction. In particular, negotiated workout solutions Pareto dominate the foreclosure alternative when default occurs. To obtain our results, we embed a cooperative bargaining game within a noncooperative mortgage loan/default game. We also address the valuation wedge problem that occurs when foreclosure transaction costs are introduced. Through the notion of replacement game equilibrium, we find symmetric mortgage pricing solutions that eliminate the valuation wedge and thus suggest that lending will occur in commercial real estate mortgage markets even when foreclosure transaction costs exist.     

纵向一体化战略联盟研究

在界定纵向一体化战略联盟概念的基础上 ,指出产业链条中上、下游垄断企业实现纵向一体化战略联盟重要性的理论意义 ,论证了纵向一体化战略联盟的实施的可操作性 ,在对纵向一体化战略联盟的绩效进行量化分析的基础上 ,提出要防止国外跨国大公司主宰我国产业链条的警示。     

债务置换改善了地方政府债务可持续性吗？

2015年后实施的债务置换对地方政府债务可持续性的影响值得关注。为此,将债务置换作为准自然实验,以2008—2020年285个城市为样本,检验债务置换对债务可持续性的影响。结果发现：债务置换对隐性债务和经济增长产生了双重不利影响。其一,债务置换降低债务利息负担,拉长债务期限,虽然缓解了流动性风险,但债务置换助长地方政府道德风险,强化金融机构救助预期,导致隐性债务继续增加,总体上不利于债务可持续性。其二,债务置换产生明显挤出效应,也降低了地方政府债务支出效率,损害了经济增长,同样不利于债务可持续性。鉴于此,应重点防范债务置换过程中产生的负面作用,以提高地方政府债务治理的有效性。     

应收款项利用的风险报酬转移及会计处理的比较

应收款项是企业的一项重要资产,对于应收款项的管理,应该强调日常管理和利用相结合,利用的方式包括应收款项抵借、让售、贴现及置换等,这些方式有许多相似之处,但有时也有质的区别。笔者通过对其风险报酬转移及会计处理的比较,把握交易的经济实质。