Innovative productivity and returns to scale in the pharmaceutical industry

This study shows that firms in the pharmaceutical industry experience decreasing returns to scale in R & D as the level of R & D expenditures rises. The paper presents the results of our study of the innovative output of 16 pharmaceutical firms over a 19 year period. Given the strong correlation between R & D budgets and firm size, our study suggests the wave of mergers in the industry may yield less innovative productivity than managers expect.     

基础研究与实验会计学的基础理论框架体系——基于会计实验发展现状的研究

中国的会计实验已走过了54年的历程,目前却陷入了一种发展的“困局”。如何使其突破困局并获得长远发展？这是教育界普遍关心的重大问题。笔者通过调查发现：关健在于加强会计实验的基础研究,正确确立研究目标并建立实验会计学的基础理论框架体系。     

Comparative evaluation of a teaching innovation in accounting education: intensive learning in a seminar format

This paper reports a teaching innovation involving intensive learning and the evaluation of that innovation. A review of the literature reveals a lack of research about how effective intensive programmes are in enhancing student learning. In this study the performance of students studying accounting during an intensive summer-school in seminar format was compared with those studying during the regular semester in a lecture and tutorial format. Performance was compared by reference to students' grades and the understanding and retention of a key concept in the subject. Student study habits and the experiences of staff and students who participated in the summer-school were also evaluated. This study concluded that summer-school students' performance was better than regular semester students in the accounting subject studied. Their performance was equivalent or better than the regular semester students in the three other subjects studied in first semester. Summer-school students demonstrated a more complete understanding of a key concept than did the students in the regular semester, with this difference sustained after two years. There was a positive response to the summer-school by those staff and students who participated.     

国内装配式建筑研究热点与演进趋势——基于CiteSpace的可视化分析

为全面了解装配式建筑研究的现状,掌握装配式建筑研究的热点和前沿趋势,以2010—2020年 CNKI收录的与装配式建筑研究相关的核心期刊文献为数据源,利用CiteSpace可视化网络工具,分别从发文时间分布、空间分布、作者合作共现以及研究热点、前沿主题等方面进行知识图谱分析。结果表明：文献统计上,国内装配式研究年发文量呈现递增态势,《建筑结构》《建筑经济》《混凝土》是发表装配式建筑文献较多的核心期刊;在研究机构和作者空间分布上,沈阳建筑大学、西安建筑科技大学和武汉理工大学等机构以及来自这些机构的高产学者共同组成了装配式建筑的核心研究力量;在研究热点上,BIM技术、深化设计、抗震性能、建筑工业化以及EPC模式是现有研究的核心;装配式建筑研究演进发展历程主要分为缓慢发展和快速发展两阶段,研究前沿主要包括BIM技术、产业化、预制构件、模块化以及综合评价。研究成果可为装配式建筑的后续发展提供参考,也为学科领域的热点和前沿分析提供借鉴。     

基于WEB的网络管理技术的研究与实现

随着计算机技术和通信技术的发展,计算机网络已经渗透到社会及经济生活的各个领域。网络用户和数据流量的急剧增长,给网络管理带来很大的压力和难度。基于Web的网络管理技术凭借其优势能更好满足网络管理需求,也能使网络管理更加方便和快捷。本文主要从基于Web的网络管理技术的概况、Web网络管理技术的主要功能等方面,对基于Web的网络管理技术及实现进行分析。     

曲面响应法预测砂浆性能的试验研究

本试验以砂浆性能为研究对象,采用Box-Behnken的中心组合实验设计及响应面分析方法对腻子粘结强度进行预测研究。试验选用三因素三水平的响应曲面分析法,建立了粘结强度的二次多项数学模型,并以粘结强度为响应值作响应面和等高线,考察了水粉比、灰粉比和胶粉比对粘结强度的影响,并根据实际选择响应曲面方程,利用最小二乘法估计相应的系数,剔除最不显著因素,建立最终的数学方程。结果表明:该预测模型能很好地描述粘结强度与水粉比、灰粉比和胶粉比之间的关系,可以对腻子粘结强度进行分析和预测,为砂浆性能研究提供一种新方法。     

Developing theory from strategic management research in China

What are the main approaches to theory development based on strategic management research in China? What are some of the recent efforts in developing theory in this area? What is our recommended approach? To address these questions, this article outlines the three approaches to theory development in China research, articulates the Chinese context within the global economy, and highlights two streams of recent work as examples of following the recommended, integrative approach to theory development.     

基于生态足迹模型的可持续性度量研究--以吉林省大安市为例

针对吉林省大安市发展现状和存在的严重生态环境问题,运用生态足迹模型,采用多源数据,首次对大安市生态环境的可持续发展状况进行了定量研究;在此基础上,运用相对指标法对可持续发展的量化结果进行分级。研究表明,2001年大安市的生态需求大于生态供给,生态呈现“供不应求”的局面,人均生态赤字为0.56hm2,处于弱不可持续发展状态。     

建筑工程监理与施工技术创新的关系研究

建筑工程监理与施工技术这二者的关系并不是相互割裂,相互独立的,本文将对二者关系进行探究。     

Free‐riding in multi‐party alliances: The role of perceived alliance effectiveness and peers' collaboration in a research consortium

Research summary : Multi‐party alliances rely on partners' willingness to commit and pool their efforts in joint endeavors. However, partners face the dilemma of how much to commit to the alliance. We shed light on this issue by analyzing the relationship between partners' free‐riding—defined as their effort‐withholding—and their perceptions of alliance effectiveness and peers' collaboration. Specifically, we posit a U‐shaped relationship between partners' subjective evaluations of alliance effectiveness and their free‐riding. We also hypothesize a negative relation between partners' perceptions of the collaboration of peer organizations and their free‐riding. Results from a mixed‐method study—combining regression analysis of primary data on a major inter‐organizational research consortium and evidence from two experimental designs—support our hypotheses, bearing implications for the multi‐party alliances literature. Managerial summary : Free‐riding is a major concern in multi‐party alliances such as large research consortia, since the performance of these governance forms hinges on the joint contribution of multiple partners that often operate according to different logics (e.g., universities, firms, and government agencies). We show that, in such alliances, partners' perceptions have relevant implications for their willingness to contribute to the consortium's shared goals. Specifically, we find that partners free‐ride more—that is, contribute less—when they perceive the effectiveness of the overall alliance to be either very low or very high. Partners also gauge their commitment to the alliance on the perception of the effort of their peers—that is, other organizations similar to them. These findings provide managers of multi‐party alliances with additional levers to motivate partners to contribute fairly to such joint endeavor. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.