Quantal-response equilibrium models of the ultimatum bargaining game

This paper investigates the implications of quantal response equilibrium (QRE) models [McKelvey and Palfrey, 1995, Games Econ. Behav. 10, 6–38; 1998, Exper. Econ. 1, 9–41] in the ultimatum bargaining game. It is shown that, in a normal-form QRE (NQRE), each bargainer's decision depends critically on the anticipated behavior of the other, and there is a NQRE in which the proposer makes any offer between zero and equal split as a strict best response. The application of NQRE to the experimental data [Slonim and Roth, 1998, Econometrica 66, 569–596] suggests that the history dependence observed in the experiment is a result of the strategic interactions between bargainers.     

试论柔性供应链的构建

简要分析了柔性供应链的涵义,对如何构建柔性供应链,提出了一些对策措施。     

某变电站砖混结构管理房的抗震设计

为了提高砖混结构物的抗震性，可以采用适当增加墙体面积，合理提高砂浆强度，有效设置房屋圈梁和构造柱，在合理位置的墙段内设置水平钢筋，限制砌体房屋的总层数及总高度等方法。文章着重介绍了其中2种方法。     

Is the J-Curve Effect Observable for Small North European Economies?

The present study tests for the J-curve for five North European countries—Belgium, Denmark, The Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden—using generalized impulse response functions. The results provide empirical support for the J-curve. Each country has an impulse response function generated from a vector error-correction model that suggests that after a depreciation, there will be a dip in the export-import ratio within the first half-year after the depreciation. The long-run export-import ratio appears to be higher than the low point of this early dip in almost all cases. Also, in most cases, the export-import ratio appears in many periods after the depreciation to be converging from below to a higher long-run equilibrium.     

Equilibrium selection in bargaining models

This paper examines evolutionary equilibrium selection in bargaining models. We show that random best-response and continuous best-response learning dynamics give rise to (different) simple sufficient conditions for identifying outcomes as stochastically stable. This allows us to characterize the implications of these dynamics in simple bargaining games.     

Effective Organisational Response by Corporates to India's Liberalisation and Globalisation

The Indian economy began to liberalise and globalise in earnest beginning in 1991. The principal elements of the economy's structural adjustment that have created a far more competitive and turbulent but also opportunity-rich market environment are described. Based on prior Western and Indian research, a model of effective corporate coping with such a market environment has been developed. The model argues that the greater use of policy frameworks representing entrepreneurial, organic, professional, and participatory styles of management, and mechanisms of uncertainty reduction, differentiation, and integration tend to enhance corporate performance in such an environment, while their absence or low usage depresses it. Four sources of information are utilised to assess the model: published information on how Indian corporates have generally coped with economic liberalisation and globalisation, three corporate case studies, data from a recent study of 139 Indian corporates, and another study of 54 Indian corporates. All four sources broadly converge in their support for the model. Several issues relating to the contingency and strategic choice perspectives, and the generalisability, applicability, acceptability, and the diffusion of policy frameworks and redesign mechanisms are discussed.     

Empirical investigation of investment behaviour in Australia's pastoral region*

Optimal intertemporal investment behaviour of Australian pastoralists is modelled using panel data for the period 1979–1993. Results indicate that quasi‐fixity of inputs of labour, capital, sheep numbers and cattle numbers is characteristic of production in the pastoral region. It takes about two years for labour, four years for capital and a little over two years for both sheep numbers and cattle numbers to adjust towards long‐run optimal levels. Results also indicate that, after accounting for adjustment costs, own‐price product supply and input demand responses are inelastic in both the short and long run.     

FRP片材加固砌体结构的技术探讨

FRP加固法是目前国际土木工程领域研究开发的一个热点。本文简要介绍了FRP片材加固砌体结构技术，较全面地介绍了FRP片材的性能、FRP加固法的技术优势和施工工艺。还对国际上FRP加固修复砌体结构的研究与应用进行了总结与回顾。国内对于'RP片材用于砌体抗震加固技术进行了试验研究，并将此技术应用于工程实践中，文中评述了国内关于此项技术的试验研究内容及试验结论。最后，提出了此项技术在应用与发展过程中存在的一些问题及相应的解决途径，对如何选用FRP材料，FRP的加固形式及加固用量等问题进行了研究。     

Fisher and Inference for Scores

This paper examines the work of Fisher and Bartlett on discriminant analysis, ordinal response regression and correspondence analysis. Placing these methods with canonical correlation analysis in the context of the singular value decomposition of particular matrices, we use explicit models and vector space notation to unify these methods, understand Fisher's approach, understand Bartlett's criticisms of Fisher and relate both to modern thinking. We consider in particular the formulation of certain hypotheses and Fisher's arguments to obtain approximate distributions for tests of these hypotheses (without assuming multivariate normality) and put these in modern notation. Using perturbation techniques pioneered by G.S. Watson, we give an asymptotic justification for Fisher's test for assigned scores and thereby resolve a long standing conflict between Fisher and Bartlett.     

居民消费对我国经济发展影响效应分析

文章采用计量经济分析方法,从居民消费对经济增长及居民消费结构对产业结构两方面分析了居民消费对我国经济发展的影响效应,揭示了目前我国居民消费存在的问题及成因,提出了扩大居民消费需求促进我国经济发展的政策建议。