铁路运输企业成本领先战略实施途径初探

结合铁路运输企业成本管理现状,探讨铁路运输企业实施成本领先战略的具体做法,借助价值链工具对铁路运输企业生产经营活动进行分析。     

The Importance of Social Capital to the Management of Multinational Enterprises: Relational Networks Among Asian and Western Firms

Social capital is an important concept for multinational firms. Firms operating in global markets rarely have adequate resources to compete effectively in global markets; they access the needed resources through formal and informal relationships with other firms. The cultures in Asian countries have emphasized relationships much more strongly than Western firms. Thus, relational capital, based on guanxi (China), kankei (Japan) and inmak (Korea), provides the framework for business dealings in many Asian countries. As a result, the social capital of many Asian firms gives them a potential competitive advantage in global markets. Western firms must develop social capital and learn to manage relational networks to gain and sustain a competitive advantage in global markets. Western firms can learn how to develop and manage social capital from Asian firms. Alternatively, social capital has some disadvantages. Firms are limited by their networks and thus experience opportunity costs and path dependence. Additionally, while Asian firms often have strong network ties in their domestic markets, they have to develop many more ties globally to operate effectively in global markets. As a result, the development and management of social capital has become of critical importance for competitive advantage in global markets.     

Research notes and communications corporate restructuring and strategic change: The effect on diversification strategy and R & D intensity

In the 1980s a number of large corporations restructured their diversified businesses through divestitures. It is hypothesized that restructuring activity focused on firms at intermediate levels of diversification (e.g., related-linked) which have a mixture of related and unrelated business units. Results confirm this hypothesis which explains that such mixed corporate strategies create organizational and control inefficiencies in managing both related and unrelated types of business units. Restructured firms were also found to move towards two types of different internal capital markets (related and unrelated). Most restructuring firms moved toward lower levels of diversification (e.g., related-constrained), although some moved toward higher levels of diversification (e.g., unrelated business). Also, this study finds restructuring firms that changed their corporate strategy by reducing diversified scope increased their R&D intensity. Firms that restructured and increased their diversified scope decreased R&D intensity. This result suggested a partial substitution between diversification and R&D activity.     

The Application of the BSC in Enterprise Strategy Management

As an achievement appraisal tool, the Balanced Scorecard （BSC） is applied in enterprise＇s strategic management. Combined the strategic goal with the applied process, through a series of index systems, it can make the enterprise＇s prospect accord with reality, as well as the strategic management organizational behavior operation keep unanimity with achievement in the information age.     

面向“卓越工程师计划”的企业培养方案研究——以服装设计与工程专业为例

以服装设计与工程专业为例,对该专业的卓越工程师计划企业培养方案进行了研究,从企业培养目的、企业培养方案的制定、企业学习计划和企业学习效果的考核等方面进行了分析,对服装工程与设计专业进一步制定、完善"卓越计划"综合培养方案是有益的探索。     

煤炭消费减速背景下煤炭企业发展战略研究——以山西省为例

目前全国在建煤炭产能14亿t,按照规划,2012—2014年年均投产规模应为5亿t左右,实际上2012—2013年平均每年产量只增长1亿t左右。2013年,我国煤炭产量增速仍继续下滑,同比回落1.4个百分点。试图用战略管理的基本工具分析我国煤炭大省——山西省煤炭企业面临的市场环境,同时提出该省煤炭企业相应的发展战略,即相关多元化战略和并购整合战略,希望对煤炭企业的发展具有借鉴意义。     

Antecedents of M&A success: The role of strategic complementarity,cultural fit,and degree and speed of integration

In this paper, we develop a comprehensive model of M&A success. We integrate fundamental constructs of different schools and discuss their interdependencies with M&A success. Our theoretical framework was tested empirically across a sample of 106 SME transactions in the machinery, electronic, and logistic industries in the German‐speaking part of Central Europe. The results of our study support the demand for an integrative perspective and theory on M&A. M&A success is a function of strategic complementarity, cultural fit, and the degree of integration. Strategic complementarity also positively influences cultural fit and the degree of integration. Cultural fit positively influences M&A success, but surprisingly has a negative impact on the speed and degree of integration. The degree of integration is positively related to speed of integration. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Resource allocation strategy for innovation portfolio management

Our study demonstrates empirically that the choice of resource allocation strategy affects innovation performance. Allocating resources to a broader range of innovation projects increases new product sales, an effect that appears to outweigh that of resource intensity. In addition, we find that the performance benefit of breadth is higher for firms that allocate resources selectively at later stages of the innovation process. This breadth‐selectiveness effect is greatest for firms intending to create relatively more novel products, departing further from their knowledge base. Based on these results, we theorize that breadth increases performance because it spreads firms' bets on unproven innovative endeavors. Limiting resource commitments by selecting out deteriorating projects prevents an escalation in the costs of breadth. This advantage increases with the uncertainty implicit in greater innovative intent. The paper thus contributes to theory of how resource allocation strategies influence performance outcomes of innovation project portfolios. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

油气开采用机械产品标准的编制与审查

阐述了油气开采用机械类产品的分类和特点、标准的编制原则和对标准内容的要求,介绍了新疆油田在审查机械产品标准中的做法,讨论了对产品标准编制和审查中涉及的常见问题,对机械产品标准的制修订和审查工作提出了一些建议。