RELATIONSHIP INTENTION AS A MEDIATOR BETWEEN RELATIONAL BENEFITS AND CUSTOMER LOYALTY IN THE TOUR OPERATOR INDUSTRY

Relationship and customer loyalty management have been an important field of research in marketing for decades. However, the focus for many years was mainly on the benefits of relationship marketing for companies. This article contributes to a deeper understanding of the benefits of relationship marketing for customers in the travel industry. It investigates the effects between relational benefits, relationship intention and intentional loyalty using the tour operator industry as an example. Relationship intention will be introduced as a variable influencing intentional loyalty. The role of relationship intention in the customer benefit‐intentional loyalty context will be analyzed by testing different path models. The measurement model is estimated, based on a confirmatory factor analysis using LISREL with a sample of 1,702 tour operator customers. The structural model as well as the estimate path coefficients were analyzed applying a partial least square approach (PLS) using SmartPLS. This article not only contributes to the further development of models explaining intentional loyalty, but also to the development of practical insights about the influence of different measures and tools on intentional loyalty from a customer benefit perspective. It can be concluded that the intention of a customer to invest in a relationship is dependent on the perceived level of relationship benefits. Further, the results show, that the buying behavior of customers is influenced by the perceived relational benefits. With the management of customer relations, a provider can influence the behavior of the customer to exploit the earning potential efficiently. Therefore, a provider has to be successful in creating new relational benefits for his customers through measures of customer relation management.     

COMONOTONIC MEASURES OF MULTIVARIATE RISKS

We propose a multivariate extension of a well‐known characterization by S. Kusuoka of regular and coherent risk measures as maximal correlation functionals. This involves an extension of the notion of comonotonicity to random vectors through generalized quantile functions. Moreover, we propose to replace the current law invariance, subadditivity, and comonotonicity axioms by an equivalent property we call strong coherence and that we argue has more natural economic interpretation. Finally, we reformulate the computation of regular and coherent risk measures as an optimal transportation problem, for which we provide an algorithm and implementation.     

Travel Package Modeling: Optimal Bidding Strategy of Tour Operator to Cooperative Hotels

In the travel package industry, in order to obtain stable and sufficient source of hotel rooms for package products, the tour operators would like to cooperate with hotels located at the tourism destination. Meanwhile, the hotels also appreciate the cooperation as a way to improve occupancy rate and then revenue. This paper develops models of travel package in several scenarios to analyze the relationship between the tour operator and the hotel. Through theoretical analysis and numerical studies, this paper finds that the tour operator will bid a low wholesale room rate to the hotel with high capacity or/and a small number of individual tourists. On the other hand, the hotel with large capacity or/and less individual tourists will reserve more rooms for the travel packages, while the one with high room rate and stable source of individual tourists is not likely to remain so many rooms for the tour operator.     

The mediating role of integration of safety by activity versus operator between organizational culture and safety climate

ABSTRACT

In this study, we analyse the impact of the organizational culture and introduce a new variable, the integration of safety, which relates to the modalities for the implementation and adoption of safety in the work process, either through the activity or by the operator. One hundred and eighty employees replied to a questionnaire measuring the organizational climate, the safety climate and the integration of safety. We expected that implementation centred on the activity or on the operator would mediate the relationship between the organizational culture and the safety climate. The results support our assumptions. A regression analysis highlights the positive impact on the safety climate of organizational values of the ‘rule’ and ‘support’ type, as well as of integration by the operator and activity. Moreover, integration mediates the relation between these variables. The results suggest to take into account organizational culture and to introduce different implementation modalities to improve the safety climate.     

三集五大机构改革后如何做一名合格的调度值班长

文章分析了三集五大中"大运行"体系建设后实施调控一体化对调度运行带来的变化。根据工作实践和岗位要求,提出了如何做一名合格的调度值班长。     

INDUSTRY RESEARCH PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

Emotional intelligence, a type of social and personal intelligence, is important in managing interpersonal relationships and interactions, especially in the business sphere. Businesses that involve frequent customer contact and interaction, such as those in the field of tourism, can benefit from the application of multiple intelligences. This study examines how, and to what extent, emotional intelligence can benefit the travel and tourism industry. Seven tour operators were interviewed to assess their attitudes, opinions and observations about emotional intelligence and its application to the relationship between tourists and residents of a community. Results showed that all tour operators, to a certain degree, utilized emotional intelligence to offer more personalized travel solutions for tourists. It was found that understanding the cultural values and social etiquette particular to each travel destination was essential for healthy tourist-resident relations.     

基于改进LOG算子的非局域均值图像降噪

为了改进非局域均值图像去噪的性能,利用二阶导数可以更好地保护图像边缘的特性,通过高斯权值函数获得高斯-拉普拉斯算子,并对其进行修正代替指数权值函数。再根据局域像素块相似性特点将权值函数进行截断。在多个典型图像上的实验结果表明,提出的改进方法获得了较好的降噪性能。另外,在利用欧氏距离对称性的同时,避免了两像素点间距离的重复计算,降低了算法的处理时间。     

城镇化大型产业园区开发融资模式选择与方案设计研究

城镇化产业园区开发建设是推进城镇化发展的重要内容,资金短缺是当前制约产业园区开发建设的瓶颈。基于群决策的原理和方法并利用模糊偏好关系和改进的模糊集结算子,对滨海新区DG城镇化产业园区开发的融资模式和融资方案进行实证研究,结果显示:DG产业园区的融资模式及融资方案简单易行,具有较强的科学性和适用性。     

司马迁商业经济思想探讨

"欲利"是商业产生和发展的根本动因,社会分工是商业产生和发展的社会经济基础。司马迁商业经济思想的主要内容包括三方面,即商业的社会经济职能及发展商业的政策主张、商业经营者的基本素质及管理、商业经营者的致富诀窍等。     

论现代电信企业的价值管理战略

伴随着中国加入WTO,电信业开放的步伐不断加快,中国电信运营商如何沉稳、成功应对"狼来了"?本文分析了适用于电信运营企业的价值评估方法、电信运营企业价值驱动因素的分析和发现,提出了实施全面价值管理战略是电信运营企业有效管理价值驱动因素,实现企业价值最大化、在国际电信运营市场上获得竞争优势的关键所在.