关于推进我国粮食流通体制市场化改革的思考

改革开放以来,我国粮食流通体制改革朝着市场化趋向渐进式发展.市场化是粮食流通体制改革的主线.当前应努力塑造农村市场经济的微观基础,逐步完善粮补改革若干政策,积极推进粮食流通体制市场化改革.     

Benefits of Downward Earnings Management and Political Connection: Evidence from Government Subsidy and Market Pricing

This paper examines the role of downward earnings management and political connection on the receipt of government subsidies and market pricing of subsidies. Using subsidies data hand-collected from Chinese listed firms over the period 2004–2014, the results show a significantly positive association between downward earnings management and the receipt of government subsidies. The results also reveal that a firm's political connection is conducive to securing subsidies for poor performers, but not for good performers. Market pricing analyses demonstrate that share markets value subsidies positively in general, but the effect is ameliorated in firms conducting downward earnings management. No discernible difference is found between the market pricing of subsidies received by firms with political connections and those without.     

财政补贴的竞争法审查及其改进——兼论《公平竞争审查制度实施细则（暂行）》

财政补贴是国家干预经济的重要手段,能够促进产业结构调整和转型升级、平衡和加速地区间的经济发展,但极易对市场公平竞争带来消极影响,例如破坏市场结构、误导市场行为、减损市场绩效,等等。《公平竞争审查制度实施细则（暂行）》对此予以重点关注,但缺乏全面性的制度构建。这方面,欧盟国家援助制度值得我们学习和借鉴。欲改进我国财政补贴的竞争法审查,必须落实公平竞争审查制度,坚持必要性原则、公平原则和透明度原则,同时要建立补贴评估机制、豁免机制、信息披露机制和异议机制,以规范财政补贴的实施,平衡财政补贴和竞争政策的冲突,确保市场竞争机制不被财政补贴所扭曲。     

发达国家住房福利政策的演变及启示——我国公租房领域供给侧结构性改革探析

我国公租房领域存在投资主体单一、政府财政压力大、市场参与度不够、配置低效、供需失衡及错配、贫富分区程度加大等问题，需通过推进供给侧结构性改革来予以解决。发达国家住房福利政策的演变表明，住房政策应与住房市场供需状况相适应，政府所扮演的角色须从“公共住房的直接供给者”走向“市场化供给的环境营造者”，即从“补砖头”到“补人头”是住房福利政策演进的必然趋势。我国公租房领域供给侧结构性改革应与住房供求情况相匹配。一方面，要转变政府职能，从政府实物配给逐步过渡到市场化供给；另一方面，要积极打造健康的住宅租赁投资市场以促进公租房供给市场化，并通过开发配建和货币化补贴等措施促成公租房“隐形化”混合居住模式。     

Sustainability Strategy and Eco‐Innovation: A Moderation Model

This study develops a moderation model to examine the role of a proactive environmental strategy on eco‐innovation. Drawing upon the perspectives of contingency theory, this study argues that the impacts of sustainability strategy on eco‐innovation depend on market demand, innovation intensity and government subsidy. The sample used to test the hypotheses is obtained from the Community Innovation Survey in Taiwan. A total of 2955 manufacturing firms are included in the final sample. A logit moderating regression is adopted to analyze the models. The results reveal that market demand and government subsidy positively moderate the relationship between environmental strategy and eco‐innovation. Specifically, firms are more likely to adopt a proactive environmental strategy to improve eco‐innovation under high levels of market demand and government subsidy. Furthermore, the results indicate that innovation intensity affects the effect of environmental strategy on eco‐innovation, but the direction of the influence varies with different categories of eco‐innovation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

Universal food security program and nutritional intake: Evidence from the hunger prone KBK districts in Odisha

This article provides evidence on the role of consumer food subsidies in improving nutritional intake and diet quality by evaluating the expansion of the government food assistance program coverage in the hunger prone state of Odisha in India. In 8 districts of Odisha, popularly known as the Kalahandi-Balangir-Koraput (KBK) region which is notable for extreme poverty and starvation deaths, the government did away with the targeted food assistance program in 2008 and made the scheme universal. Using a Difference-in-Difference methodology over two repeated cross sectional household surveys, this article finds that the shift from targeted to a universal food security program in the KBK region of Odisha has led to an improvement in the household nutritional intake and diet quality. Further examination suggests that proportion of households consuming below the recommended dietary allowance of calorie, fats and protein has declined significantly in this region post the intervention.     

政府补贴下考虑企业环保努力的闭环供应链决策分析

在消费者具有环保意识的背景下，分析有无政府补贴时制造商环保努力对各节点企业价格、需求、利润等决策的影响，并进一步探讨补贴在各类最优策略中的作用。研究表明：环保努力能提高两类产品销售价格、扩大新产品需求，但对再制造品需求无影响；存在最优环保努力水平，使无政府补贴下制造商及系统整体利润最大；一定范围内补贴能遏制环保努力导致的再制造品销售价格上升，但对新产品价格无影响，且对零售商来说高补贴未必能带来高收益；消费者环保意识和制造商环保努力可以通过政府补贴影响产品需求和企业收益。     

Pricing,greening, and transparency decisions considering the impact of government subsidies and CSR behavior in supply chain decisions

In this paper, we analytically model different government subsidy strategies in a supply chain manufacturing and selling a green product. We model the interaction between greening degree and transparency level set by a manufacturer and its impact on not only the supply chain, but also consumers and the government. The supply chain is composed of a manufacturer and a retailer. The manufacturer can choose two different strategies. First, he only cares about his production profit; and second, he concerns with CSR in addition to his production profit. We develop a new transparency-based index of consumer satisfaction to model how the market reacts to manufacturer CSR decisions. The government decide three different subsidy strategies. A three-stage Stackelberg game model is developed and solved to analytically derive managerial insights. As a result, if the transparency cost coefficient is sufficiently high, the greening degree and transparency level in CSR concerns strategy are higher than when the manufacturer is not concerned with corporate social responsibility. In addition, when the transparency cost coefficient is sufficiently high, the profit of supply chain members and government are equal in both strategies. We give a real-world example of Iranian brick industry.     

中国城乡社会救助项目绩效评价研究——基于筹资水平的横向公平性分析

近30年来,我国社会经济体制逐步转型,新贫困群体出现。我国政府在20世纪90年代后对原有社会安全网框架进行了修补,建立起一套常规性社会救助项目,其绩效备受关注。横向公平性指标集中体现了社会救助的公平价值取向,超越了以往的经验型研究,是社会政策评估的新范式。文章以横向公平性为标准,以2003～2005年民政及各省统计年鉴数据为经验材料,对我国城乡社会安全网项目筹资水平的绩效做出评估,并为我国社会安全网项目的进一步发展提供经验证据。     

财政支农的市场一体化效应及其政策

以增加农民收入从而支撑具有产业、区域特征的市场一体化为视角,对财政政策不同的支农方式和支农工具所产生的不同的农业市场一体化效应进行了分析,认为直接收入补贴明显好于价格支持;间接支农优于直接支农;而且不同的支农项目对市场一体化的促进作用差异显著。为此,提出了逐步减少价格支持,增加直接收入补贴,增加财政间接支农力度,引导农业生产要素多渠道利用,促进农业系统内外部合作,重视三农无形资产,建立适当监督机制等政策建议。