Regional and Sector-specific Determinants of Industry Dynamics and the Displacement–replacement Effects

In this paper, we empirically assess the importance of regional and sector-specific determinants of industry dynamics. To this aim we test three hypotheses (originally proposed by Shapiro and Khemani (1987, Int J Indust Organ 5:15–26)) for the relationship between the entry and exit of firms: independence, symmetry and simultaneity. Estimates from a panel data system of equations seem to confirm the simultaneity hypothesis for Spain, i.e. we find evidence of a displacement (replacement) effect between the gross rate of entry (exit) and the gross rate of exit (entry). Also, our results show that, irrespective of the hypothesis we use, both sectorial and regional variables affect entry and exit.

The macroeconomics of the labor market: three fundamental views

We distinguish and assess three fundamental views of the labor market regarding the movements in unemployment: (1) the frictionless equilibrium view; (2) the chain reaction theory, or prolonged adjustment view; and (3) the hysteresis view. While the frictionless view implies a clear compartmentalization between the short- and long-run, the hysteresis view implies that all the short-run fluctuations automatically turn into long-run changes in the unemployment rate. We assert the problems faced by these conceptions in explaining the diversity of labor market experiences across the OECD labor markets. We argue that the prolonged adjustment view can overcome these problems since it implies that the short, medium, and long-runs are interrelated, merging with one another along an intertemporal continuum.

社会主义行政管理学发展之思考

行政管理学是一门不断发展的学科,"公共行政学"和"公共管理学"不能称之为独立的学科,只是行政管理学发展的历史阶段中的不同表现形态."公共行政学"和"公共管理学"的提出抹杀了行政管理学的阶级属性,只会迎合西方资产阶级的愿望.     

旅行社创业管理实现模式的构建——基于系统动力学的视角

目前尚没有学者对旅行社创业管理的实现模式进行系统研究。为了建立旅行社创业管理的实现模式,文章首先回顾相关理论;其次,界定了创业管理、创业绩效和功能要素的相关概念,并在前期调研的基础上,确定了旅行社创业成功的关键因素;再次,通过系统动力学方法确定了创业管理的功能要素,并对这些要素进行了分解;最后,提出创业管理行为是一个动态连续的,从发现机会到实施创业行为,到评估创业行为的不断完善的过程,需要有系统的创业管理逻辑。因此,建立了基于创业文化形成,创业机会、资源匹配下的战略选择和创业绩效评价与反馈的三阶段动态创业管理实现模式。     

国有煤矿经营者激励机制的系统动力学仿真研究

应用系统动力学理论与仿真方法,研究国有煤矿激励机制与经营者安全生产管理之间的关系,分析了激励机制对经营者安全管理的影响。仿真结果表明,应用系统动力学理论与仿真方法,可以对影响国有煤矿经营者的激励机制进行分析,为国有煤矿经营者激励机制的科学建立提供新的思路。     

论我国公共政策制定中的公民参与

公民参与公共政策过程是公民政治参与的重要方面,也是公共政策研究的新话题。在我国,公众参与政策制定的水平有了一定的发展,公民可以通过各种形式参与到政策制定中。目前,我国公众参与政策制定过程中还存在制度、组织缺陷和参与水平不高等问题。我国应大力推进公民参与的制度化,大力发展公民组织,拓展参与渠道,采取有效措施提升公民参与的整体水平。     

系统动力学视角下的旅行社导游员引进分析

旅行社是劳动密集型和智力密集型企业,其业务是一项复杂的组织工作和人对人、面对面的服务工作。可以说,人是旅行社的核心,是整个企业的精髓和支柱,也是企业中唯一的能动要素,是最积极和基本的要素。旅行社的发展壮大,离不开人员的引进。同时,旅行社的规模也影响着人才引进的数量,文中在系统动力学视角下,对这一问题进行分析。     

Accounting for the ecosystem services of migratory species: Quantifying migration support and spatial subsidies

Migratory species support ecosystem process and function in multiple areas, establishing ecological linkages between their different habitats. As they travel, migratory species also provide ecosystem services to people in many different locations. Previous research suggests there may be spatial mismatches between locations where humans use services and the ecosystems that produce them. This occurs with migratory species, between the areas that most support the species' population viability - and hence their long-term ability to provide services - and the locations where species provide the most ecosystem services. This paper presents a conceptual framework for estimating how much a particular location supports the provision of ecosystem services in other locations, and for estimating the extent to which local benefits are dependent upon other locations. We also describe a method for estimating the net payment, or subsidy, owed by or to a location that balances benefits received and support provided by locations throughout the migratory range of multiple species. The ability to quantify these spatial subsidies could provide a foundation for the establishment of markets that incentivize cross-jurisdictional cooperative management of migratory species. It could also provide a mechanism for resolving conflicts over the sustainable and equitable allocation of exploited migratory species.     

A framework for mapping industrial emergence

The industrial landscape is becoming increasingly complex and dynamic, with innovative technologies stimulating the emergence of new applications, business models and industries. This paper presents a framework for mapping science and technology-based industrial emergence, in order to better understand the nature and characteristics of such phenomena, as a basis for improved strategy development. A full lifecycle perspective is included, emphasizing early stage phases associated with scientific and technological developments, together with key transitions between phases related to the conversion of scientific knowledge to technological capability, application, industrial activity and economic value. Roadmapping concepts are used to map industrial emergence phenomena from various perspectives that cover value creation and capture activities together with demand and supply-side factors. The framework has been tested by developing more than 25 diverse ‘emergence maps’ of historical industrial evolution, building confidence that the framework might be applicable to current and future emergence. Common characteristics of industrial emergence have been identified, including key events and milestones, focusing on a chain of demonstrators that delineate the various phases and transitions.