乡村旅游低碳化发展影响因素分析——基于北京市300户乡村旅游经营者的调查

本研究构建了乡村旅游经营者实施旅游低碳化发展决策的理论模型,并通过对北京市10个郊区县乡村旅游经营者的实地调研数据,采用有序logistic模型,探析了乡村旅游低碳化发展的影响因素。研究认为,经营者的受教育水平、家庭收入水平等个体因素,其对乡村旅游前景预期和乡村旅游低碳化发展对经济可持续发展的影响等经营信息诉求动机因素,以及大众媒体、政府渠道、企业宣传推广和亲朋好友等传播渠道因素,显著影响经营者实施低碳乡村旅游的意愿。     

Perceptions of surfing tourism operators regarding sustainable tourism development in the Mentawai Islands,Indonesia

Surfing tourism has the potential to provide significant economic income and employment opportunities. However, the development of surfing tourism in the Mentawai Islands, Indonesia, has raised important questions regarding its impacts and sustainability. Economic leakages, increased pressure on the environment and resources, and adverse effects on local communities have been shown as the major barriers to sustainable development. This article provides insights into how surfing tourism operators perceive the development and impacts of the Mentawai Islands surfing tourism industry. This research project uses an interpretive qualitative approach and follows a case study methodology utilising semi-structured interviews with resort and charter boat surfing tourism operators. The study also investigated possible future directions for creating a more sustainable surfing tourism industry in the Mentawai Islands. Findings from the research showed that charter boat operators and resort operators had differing views as to how surfing tourism had developed: resort operators believed it to be sustainable, while charter boat operators felt it was unsustainable. A key finding of this study was that operators felt that surfing tourism had dramatically altered the traditional Mentawai village of Katiet and was producing adverse socio-cultural impacts on the local community. It is recommended that future research explore the issue of the impacts of surfing tourism development on other remote locations in Indonesia and other surfing tourism destinations around the globe.     

基于顾客价值的企业关键能力识别研究——以中国电信行业为例

本文认为,在电信行业,顾客经济价值主要受电信运营商市场营销能力和技术研发能力的影响;顾客功能价值主要受电信运营商市场营销能力、技术研发能力和基础管理能力的影响;顾客心理价值主要受电信运营商市场营销能力、客户服务能力、技术研发能力和基础管理能力的影响.市场营销能力、技术研发能力属于电信运营商的关键能力,基础管理能力属于电信运营商的亚关键能力,客户服务能力与供应链管理能力属于电信运营商的一般能力.     

Expanding the destination image: wine tourism in the Canary Islands

Tourism to the Canary Islands is centred around competitively priced holidays focused on the sun and beach mass tourism experience. A restructure of the islands' wine industry offers opportunities for developing new tourism alternatives based on gourmet products and traditional landscapes. This paper examines the potential of wine tourism from winery operators' perspectives. Challenges to overcome in the development of a successful sustainable local wine tourism industry include the need for expansion of the destination image to reflect the region's wine‐making history and scenic qualities; a shift towards independent high‐yield travellers; and reintroducing local produce in the mass tourism product. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Competition in Marketing： Survival Yardstick for Small and Medium Enterprises （SMEs） in Nigeria

The topic investigated competition in marketing as a survival yardstick for small and medium enterprises （SMEs） in Nigeria. The objectives addressed by this study were： （1） identifying different types and intensity of competition that SMEs are exposed to along the life-cycle portfolio in Nigeria; （2） quantifying the strength of SMEs vis-a-vis some foreign enterprises in terms of market competition; and （3） proffering solutions on how best they could match competitively these foreign enterprises. Relevant models and theories were employed in literature to evolve detailed analysis of issues relating to the variables used in terms of competition in marketing and survival of juice-producing SMEs. Two hypotheses were investigated through the survey of 20 prominent Ikeja based SMEs using Cluster sampling, 5-points Likert summated rating scale was adopted, while Yard＇s formula with 95% confidence level and 5% error tolerance was used. Alternative form validity of the instrument was measured at 0.63 while its reliability was measured at Cronbach＇s alpha of 0.70. Pearson＇s product-moment correlation was used in testing hypothesis 1 while standard multiple regressions were used to test hypothesis 2. Findings revealed that there was strong relationship between survival of juice-producing SMEs with forms of competition on a firm＇s life-cycle; while competition had positive effects on survival components for the enterprises. It was concluded that since competition subsists in any firm＇s life-cycle, strategies to support operations for survival must be adopted. It was recommended that operators of SMEs have to monitor and manage competition as it affects their businesses positively and/or negatively.     

论我国食品生产经营者的道德底线与法律底线

食品安全问题关乎人们的生命与健康,是一个重大的民生问题。近年来,我国在食品安全法律制度建设与立法方面虽有改观,但食品安全事故仍频发,这主要是由于少数食品生产经营者无视道德底线和法律底线造成的。分析导致食品生产经营者突破道德底线与法律底线的原因,确保他们不逾越道德底线和法律底线,是党和政府必须直视和解决的紧要问题。     

Niche tourism attributes scale: a case of storm chasing

In spite of the rapid and large growth of niche tourism, and the proliferation of tour operators catering to such markets, limited information is available on the measurement of tour operator attributes that are critical to maximise the experience and needs of their tourists. Thus, a study was conducted to comprehensively evaluate different operational attributes of small storm-chasing tour operators. Findings reveal high internal reliability and utility for this niche market; additional testing is suggested to evaluate such scale among other small niche tourism operators.     

Models of crisis management: an evaluation of their value for strategic planning in the international travel industry

Tourism is particularly prone to external shocks, which by their nature are unpredictable and need to be addressed through effective crisis management processes. The paper reviews the literature relating to crisis management in tourism and identifies and briefly critiques several models that have been developed to help managers in their strategic planning for such contingencies. The terrorist attacks of ‘9/11’ are used as an exemplar of the type of external shock that can lead to crisis if travel industry managers fail to take immediate and decisive action. This paper discusses the reactions of leading UK based tour operators to the terrorist attacks and a case study is presented to examine the reaction of a particular company to ‘9/11’ and to review the ‘turnaround’ strategies used. The crisis management process model is compared and contrasted with the steps actually undertaken at the company. It is evident that there are wider lessons for the travel industry including the need to: integrate crisis management with strategic planning processes, prepare detailed contingency plans, define decisional roles and responsibilities, and to retain a degree of flexibility. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

适度分析法在电信行业客户满意度中的应用

将模糊综合决策的适度分析法应用到电信行业客户满意度上,此方法不同于传统的综合决策,它考虑了因素间的相互关系及其对决策的影响,使计算结果更符合实际情况。     

Do telecom carrier takeovers create value? Longitudinal analysis of U.S. telecom carrier takeovers from 1996 to 2005

Takeovers by telecommunications carriers have surged during between 1996 and 2005, stimulated by the Telecommunications Act of 1996. In this study, we hypothesize and test the short-term and long-term performance of telecommunications carrier mergers and acquisitions (M&As) between 1996 and 2005 according to three main categories (strategic types, bidder characteristics, and payment methods). For short-term performance, this study investigates abnormal market returns of bidding firms after M&A announcements and our study shows that telecommunications carrier M&A announcements do result in a significant increase in shareholder wealth in the short run. However, from a long-term perspective, which has been investigated in terms of the survival rate and the operating performance after M&As, the telcos experience a statistically significant decrease of up to 10%. The results also show that though strategic type, bidder characteristics, and payment method play an important role in the value creation of M&As in the short term, only the bidder size matters in the success of M&As over a long period of time.