我国渔业补贴政策及其改革探索

我国的渔业补贴政策在一定程度上是积极有效的,但同时也存在补贴总量不足、渔业补贴结构不合理、补贴种类不齐全和补贴核算指标体系不规范等问题。针对存在的问题,我国应从补贴结构、补贴种类和核算方法三个方面对渔业补贴予以改进：从SCM协定中渔业补贴分类、产业结构和补贴方式三方面调整渔业补贴结构;从逐渐削减渔船燃油补贴、加大远洋渔业补贴、新增休闲渔业补贴、建立政府支持型渔业保险制度等方面调整渔业补贴种类;把生产者补贴等值法（PSE）作为渔业补贴核算方法。     

Economic Calculation: Private Property or Several Control?

Abstract

As the centenary of the 1917 Russian revolution approaches, it is worth reviewing the past 100 years’ discussion amongst economists on the possibility—or otherwise—of economic planning under socialism. The socialist calculation debate is of fundamental importance, not merely as a specialist application of economic ideas, but as an investigation of the foundations of economic activity. Every economic action is premised upon calculation, every choice depends upon an assessment of the costs and benefits of each alternative between which the agent must choose. The view of that choice and its attendant calculation is constitutive of the schools of thought—Marxian, neoclassical and Austrian—which have contributed to the debate. An understanding of the calculation debate is therefore required to understand how these paradigms stand in relation to each other. This article addresses one aspect of that debate—the claim by Austrian economists that socialism is impossible because the absence of private property in the means of production precludes economic calculation. The article suggests that several control rather than private property is required for economic calculation, and that several control is consistent with public ownership of the means of production. The Austrian argument on this point, therefore, is without force.     

燃烧加热污染空气对超燃冲压发动机性能影响研究

针对燃烧加热地面试验设备存在的工质污染问题,采用数值模拟方法研究了燃烧加热污染空气对氢燃料超燃冲压发动机性能的影响。以飞行马赫数Ma=6.5,当量油气比ER=0.6为计算基准状态,分别对纯净空气和污染空气来流下氢燃料超燃冲压发动机的整机流场和性能进行了对比计算分析。燃烧化学反应模拟采用了改进的H₂/O₂七组分八方程模型,湍流模型为标准的 k-ε模型,并采用直连式燃烧室试验数据进行了数值方法的验证。研究结果表明:(1)相对于纯净空气来流,污染空气来流下的超燃冲压发动机推力和比冲均有所下降。(2)采用酒精燃烧加热器的前提下,来流参数匹配静温、静压、马赫数时,发动机性能与纯净空气来流下的结果最为接近,而匹配总温、总压、马赫数时相差最大。(3)来流参数匹配总焓、静压、马赫数的前提下,采用氢燃烧加热器时发动机性能与纯净空气来流下的结果最为接近,而采用甲烷燃烧加热器时相差最大。      

《工程力学》之静力学教学中常见问题分析

《工程力学》作为大学工科专业的一门专业基础课程,学生往往在学习中感到头疼。为了帮助学生学好这门课程,为以后的专业后续课程学习打好基础,从静力学部分的常见问题入手分析,使课程的学习简单化。     

高速液压夯实机夯实填土预算建安单价测算分析

液压夯实机适合局部路段狭小面积作业,且经该设备补强后路基表面竖向变形可达10 cm以上,可明显提高回填工程质量。文章主要根据液压夯实机台背补强的技术特点及现行交通定额、功效分析来测算采用高速液压夯实机夯实填土预算建安单价,以供相关单位参考。     

中国碳排放量影响因素测算的研究方法比较

文章对当前中国碳排放量影响因素测算中的研究方法加以梳理,并将这些方法分为单一类型研究方法和组合研究方法两大类.分析了情景分析法、指数分解分析法和传统计量法三种单一类型研究方法和情景分析下的投入产出、CGE、系统动力学三种组合研究方法的特点、优势和缺陷,得出单一类型研究方法容易忽略重要的影响因子,组合研究方法的理论模型更具合理性,但参数的设定与实证过程存在难度.     

松动圈理论应用概述

巷道围岩松动圈支护理论在地下工程中的应用日益受到重视。本文对松动圈厚度的测试方法、计算方法进行了阐述与分析。另外还阐述了根据松动圈厚度确定围岩类型和支护方法,提出了今后的研究方向。     

一种离散型收入分布基尼系数精确计算方法

基尼系数问世八十多年的时间里,在度量经济不平等的基尼系数指标时,最常见的是离散型收入分布,本文设计了一种离散型收入分布基尼系数计算方法,用它可以精确地求解基尼系数。     

Priebe法在近岸工程振冲碎石桩复合地基沉降量计算中的研究

利用Priebe法,通过对该计算方法分析和改进,将其引入到近岸工程振冲碎石桩复合地基沉降量计算中,建立计算公式,并结合近岸工程实例对地基沉降进行估算,将计算结果与实测值与传统计算方法进行对比,验证这种方法的可行性。     

Elections as takeover bids: Some agonistics concerning good government

Agency theory has been widely applied to the governance of business corporations and to good advantage. The formal framework of agency theory pertains as well to polities, wherein citizens are the principals and politicians the agents. Where takeover efforts occur irregularly for corporations, they occur at regular intervals through elections for polities. Timothy Besley’s Principled Agents uses the agency theory to argue that electoral competition will generally select competent and public-spirited politicians. This claim follows from his formal framework, but that framework ignores some questionable and unsettled matters that challenge Besley’s relatively roseate view of the qualitative character of electoral selection.