基于高速公路客运网络的小物件配送新方法研究

针对现有利用高速公路客运车辆捎带小件货物的现象,以基于高速公路网络的小物件配送作为研究对象,将这种点对点的捎货方式扩展为遍布山东省内整个客运网络的小物件配送研究,在阐述基本思想的同时提出可行方案,并建立数学模型进行求解,从而有效减少配送时间和配送费用,为小件货物运送提供新方式并为物流配送系统研究提供新思想。     

带时间限制的最小费用运输问题的网络流解法

研究了带时间限制的最小费用运输问题,在分析了运量与运输时间关系的基础上,把运输时间划分成与运量无关和与运量有关的两部分;进一步根据已知的运输时间与运量的函数关系,把带时间限制的最小费用运输问题转化为最小费用最大流问题,给出了求解该问题的方法,并通过实例进行了计算。     

我国丝绸之路经济带物流设施效率分析--基于DEA 模型的M almqusit指数方法

“道路联通”既是实现丝绸之路经济带“贸易畅通”的基础保障,也是实现“民心相通”、“货币流通”和“政策沟通”并最终实现区域经济一体化和社会文化融合的助推器。采用DEA模型的M almqusit指数分析法对我国丝绸之路经济带物流设施效率进行了分析。分析得出结论：贸易环境负向变化是造成我国丝绸之路经济带交通基础设施效率下降的主要原因;提高经济带物流设施对经济的贡献不应只关注新增交通基础设施,更应关注现有物流设施的运营效率;为提高经济带交通基础设施的整体效率,今后交通基础设施建设的区域结构应倾向于陕西、江苏、山西、安徽等仍存在物流设施规模效率的省份。     

多市场接触与市场竞争行为——以中国民航运输业为例

多市场接触竞争理论考虑了同一企业在不同市场的竞争行为的关联性,大量来自西方市场的研究证明多市场接触可导致企业在竞争中"相互容忍",降低市场竞争的激烈程度.参照这些研究方法,本文运用中国国内主要定期航线市场数据,计算出航线多市场接触指数,并进行回归分析.结果显示,尽管中国国内航线市场多市场接触程度较高,但对市场竞争的实际影响微弱.研究还发现管制制度是影响中国航空公司竞争战略的重要因素.     

Low carbon transport strategy in Europe: A critical review

ABSTRACT

The purposes of this article are to depict ongoing trends regarding the transport system in Europe, to introduce readers to the challenges that Europe (and the rest of the world) will face in the future, to show which strategies Europe plans to deploy to mitigate the negative impacts the transport system imposes on the overall system, and finally to discuss the potential of these suggested strategies to contribute to the objectives of the European Union in the long run.     

Short-haul city travel is truly environmentally sustainable

With rising interest in and concern about climate change and environmental sustainability, and the significance of the tourism industry worldwide, the impact of tourism-related activities and behaviors on the environment has become a key area of research. In particular, transport related to tourism has come under scrutiny for its contribution to the ecological footprint of tourism of a destination, mostly accounted for by the dominance of air travel. This study contributes to research in this area by identifying the types of travel situations in which tourists make environmentally friendly choices about travel modes and, consequently, which types of tourism destinations should seek to develop and promote in order to minimize the environmental impact of the tourist sector on both an individual destination and global scale.     

Reducing visitor car use in a protected area: a market segmentation approach to achieving behaviour change

This research uses a market segmentation approach to reducing transport-related environmental burdens from visitors, while maintaining economic benefit. The approach was tested in the Lake District National Park (UK). It aimed first to explore visitor transport behaviour using a social psychological framework, to understand what might best predict desired behaviour change (i.e. reduced visitor car use). Second, it developed and tested different types of marketing messages to reduce car use, based on persuasive communication theory, establishing marketing propositions appropriate to different visitor types and market segments. Third, it identified market segments with both a high propensity towards positive behavioural change and the highest economic contribution to the destination. The work is based on Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behaviour and on persuasive communication. Three hundred and ninety completed questionnaires were obtained. The paper emphasises the importance of context in successful communication to influence behaviour and shows that a market segmentation approach to behavioural change can be successful. Complex patterns of visitor mobility and modal choice emerge. For example “New Explorers” and “Familiar Families” are most likely to reduce their car use (45% and 48% respectively) and less likely to perceive this as difficult.     

交通基础设施、空间溢出与经济增长:来自中国的实证研究

This paper develops an empirical model to test the spatial spillover effects of transport infrastructure on economic growth. It uses spatial econometric techniques and provincial panel data of China from 1993 to 2004 to analyze the contribution of transport infrastructure to the economic growth of local province and its spatial spillover effects on the economic growth of other provinces. The main findings include: (1) Transport infrastructure and economic growth of China show an evident pattern of spatial clustering. They largely congregate in developed eastern coastal regions, forming a gradient gradually diminishing from east to west. (2) Output elasticity of local transport infrastructure is 0.106, between the values calculated by early researchers with time series data and panel data. (3) Spatial output spillovers from transport infrastructure are largely positive, but evidences of negative spatial spillovers are also found with population density spatial weights matrix model.      

论跨边界次区域物流运输一体化的构建

以世界经济一体化为背景,通过分析我国沿边省区边境贸易中物流成本结构,并对比分析一体化前后的物流总成本,提出跨边界次区域物流运输一体化的构建思路：首先,确定物流运输枢纽城市;其次,规划建设区域边境口岸体系;第三,规划建设区域边贸运输通道。并以新疆—哈萨克斯坦物流运输一体化构建为例进行实证。最终形成＂核心枢纽—枢纽—边境口岸＂共同构成的物流运输网络,降低边境贸易中的物流运输成本及总成本,促进中国传统边境贸易向现代商贸、现代物流的发展升级,并带动和辐射边疆各省区经济全面、快速发展,尽快缩小与沿海地区的差距,且有利于中国的国家安全、边疆稳定、民族团结。     

鹿特丹港与莱茵河航运联动发展经验

鹿特丹港作为欧洲枢纽港之一,对欧洲经济发展起着重要的作用。它在世界航运界中的地位与其地理位置及荷兰政府大力发展内河航运与港口经济的政策有关。文章主要分析了鹿特丹港与荷兰内河航运发展中的互动关系。