Visualising Africa at diaspora expense? How and why humanitarian organisations ignore diaspora audiences in their ‘ethical’ communications

Critical commentaries on visual constructions of distant suffering within humanitarian communication research have critiqued and problematised how International non-governmental organisations (INGOs) frame Black and Brown distant ‘Others.’ However, much focus has been on the implications of these mediated imageries for overseas communities, while African diaspora have received much less attention. African diaspora is critical in current debates around representation, especially given increased criticisms around the ethicality of INGO fundraising communications for UK-situated Black racialised publics. This article thus complicates existing debates by repositioning the empirical preoccupation with distant Others ‘over there,’ towards UK-situated African diaspora ‘over here.’ Using interview evidence with UK-based INGO professionals involved in the production and dissemination of imageries of humanitarian issues, it explores how INGOs construe African diaspora populations in considerations around, and implications of, the ethicality of their communications. Revealing that African diaspora are largely absent or ‘afterthoughts’ in INGO consciousness and practices for three central reasons. (1) They are not considered distinct and differentiated donor audiences worthy of strategic prioritisation, (2) Implicit professional/organisational ‘whiteness’ limits reflexive foresight of potential implications (negative or positive) of communications for diaspora and, (3) INGOs temporise over the (im)practicalities of ‘diaspora inclusive’ agendas for ethical communication.     

关于网络虚拟弹道实验室的建设构想

文章分析了弹道学实验在教学中的重要性和具体实施的难点,论证了以虚拟弹道实验代替真实实验的必要性和可能性。探讨了虚拟弹道实验室的建设构想,并分析了可能存在的问题,可以为相关建设提供参考。     

基于MMORPG和视景仿真技术的安全技能仿真培训系统

为提高电力安全技能培训效果,将MMORPG和视景仿真技术应用到电力安全技能仿真培训系统中,可以实现现场场景的全三维仿真及灵活设置。在高仿真度的场景中对电力现场作业人员进行安全技能培训,对增强培训人员的安全意识及提升他们的安全技能水平有着积极的作用。     

基于假设检验的图像质量的度量方法

图像质量的正确评价是图像信息工程领域里一项很有意义的研究课题，但是现有的图像客观评价方法并不完全符合人的视觉特性．基于人的视觉特征和误差的结构与分布的特性，提出了对编码图像质量尺度假设检验的方法，结果显示，该方法能有效地度量图像的质量．     

A place for visual research methods in the field of leisure studies? Evidence from two studies of older adults’ active leisure

Few researchers have explored perceptions of the local environment as a potential precursor to older adults’ active leisure participation; fewer still have employed visual research methods as a tool for examining the modalities of environmental influences on leisure behaviour. This article introduces leisure researchers to the visual research techniques of Q method with photographs and photovoice and highlights the opportunities and challenges resulting from the use of visual techniques with populations of older adults. Data obtained in two visual research studies undertaken in 2008 and 2011 reveal the importance of home and local environment as a nexus for leisure participation and identify conditions that may facilitate activity participation in later life. Environmental conditions that are particularly significant in the case of older adults include the home garden, natural and aesthetically pleasing settings, the local social network and functional neighbourhood facilities. Visual research methods were used to generate these findings. Such research methods provide rich and nuanced data in studies concerning environment-behaviour interactions, which may be difficult to attain using conventional research methods.     

The Role of Incongruency and Involvement in Destination Print Advertising

Through advertising, marketers place their ads in an environment overpopulated with information, competing with hundreds of other advertisers for the same consumer attention. One approach used in the creative development of ads is the inclusion of information that is incongruent with consumers' expectations. The goal of this study was to investigate the role of information incongruency and message involvement through the pictorial element of tourism print ads. The attitudinal evaluations of ad viewers were measured for various combinations of incongruency and message involvement, for a better understanding of how to design effective destination print ads. Linear mixed modeling was used to explore the relationships among various constructs like incongruency, involvement, attention, cognitive, and affective attitude. The findings of this study potentially suggest ways to advertise destination attractions in print ads.     

Innovative techniques in tourism research: an exploration of visual methods and academic filmmaking

While visual methods have long been utilised as legitimate research techniques in the social sciences, within mainstream tourism research these techniques are rarely employed. This paper thus seeks to question current research practices in tourism by focusing on academic filmmaking as an innovative visual method which can be used to approach tourism research in a new way and to create tourism knowledge which is widely accessible. Two case studies explicate these points: an ethnographic documentary about tourism impacts in Crete, and a doctoral project which explored the construction and consumption of images of Greekness by visitors to the Athenian Acropolis. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Influence of Graphic Techniques in the Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Treatment in Time-Series Design

The objective of this research was to see if the evaluation of the effectiveness of a given treatment through visual inspection depended on the type of graphs used. Three subjects were studied using 3000 graphs (1000 line, 1000 bar and 1000 box-plots), each one representing the results of an A–B design. The results indicate that the subjects committed more errors when the data were presented by line or bar graphs instead of box-plots.     

基于博弈论的快递“收寄验视政策”分析

在阐述我国实行的快递收寄验视政策的基础上,应用博弈论的混合策略纳什均衡理论对该项监管政策进行了分析,并指出落实该项政策需要政府监管机构考虑企业实际情况,加大查处处罚力度,企业应该提高员工素质,加强舆论监督。     

浅析现代商业展示设计中如何推广企业品牌形象

在现代商业展示设计中,设计师往往关注商业空间的规划、商业环境的装饰和商品的展示陈列,而忽略企业品牌形 象在商业空间的大力推广。本文剖析了现代商业展示设计和企业品牌形象二者之间的关系,从艺术设计的角度阐述了如何在现 代商业展示设计中树立企业品牌形象。