Disaster‐Relief Logistics With Limited Fuel Supply

Disaster‐relief logistics consists of providing adequate emergency supplies rapidly to the affected people so as to minimize human suffering and death. This study empirically examines the impact that the shortage of fuel, a commonly encountered problem in many disaster situations, can have on the effectiveness of disaster‐relief logistics operations. We focus on investigating the following two issues: (1) whether the shortage of fuel is more damaging in attaining logistical goals than the equivalent‐sized shortage in emergency supplies themselves, and (2) what types of vehicles should be used when the fuel supply is limited. Results suggest that the shortage of fuel may be more damaging than the shortage of emergency supplies, and that smaller trucks may be preferred to larger trucks when the shortage of fuel becomes severe.     

我国液态生物质燃料适度发展规模研究——宏观经济视角的分析

本文通过构建简单的总供给一总需求模型,分析石油数量调控政策、潜在产出水平与均衡价格上涨之间的数理逻辑关系,进而间接得到液态生物质燃料适度规模问题的一般分析框架,为进一步的定量分析打下坚实基础。研究结果表明:为达到潜在产出水平和一定的价格上涨水平,不同的现实条件要求政府实行不同的石油数量调控政策。     

生物柴油的发展现状及它在中国的应用前景和应注意的问题(Ⅱ)

作为得自于动植物油脂的脂肪酸甲酯，即所谓的生物柴油是一种来自于动物或植物的可再生燃料资源。目前在世界各国正掀起一开发利用生物柴油资源的热潮。对目前国际上生物柴油开发和利用现状进行了介绍，同时也对中国生物柴油的开发和应注意的问题进行了阐述。     

中国旅游产业对国民经济的贡献研究

文章采用旅游增加值剥离测算法估算2000～2008年中国大陆31个省级单位的旅游产业增加值,并测量旅游产业增加值对国民经济的贡献率和拉动幅度,旨在分析旅游产业在国民经济中的地位。结论有三:第一,我国旅游产业以高于国内生产总值的增长速度快速成长,波动较大且存在地区差异;第二,旅游产业的发展与国民经济的整体发展水平密切相关,在以旅游产业作为先导产业的省份中,旅游产业对国民经济的拉动作用较为显著;第三,我国大部分地区的旅游产业对GDP贡献率主要集中在3%～8%,而拉动系数则保持在0.5至1.5个百分点之间。     

燃油加油机体积量示值误差测量不确定度分析

依据JJG443-2006《燃油加油机》计量检定规程,对燃油加油机主标准器采用容积比较法,在规程规定条件下,对测得的容积进行温度补偿;求得加油机的准确容值,并对其进行测量结果不确定度分析、评定。     

油田特种作业车辆燃油管理系统的研究

为解决油田特种作业车辆和台上设备在生产运行中个别操作者盗卖燃油的问题,我们利用高精度燃油测量装置,对特种作业车辆台上设备的燃油消耗进行准确计量,并通过车载GPS终端通讯信道实时上传到监控管理系统进行展现和统计分析,解决了特种车辆燃油消耗考核不能落实到单车的难题,经济效益和社会效益明显,有很好的推广应用前景。     

Economic uncertainty,oil prices,hedging and U.S. stock returns of the airline industry

This paper examines the impacts of economic policy uncertainty and oil price shocks on stock returns of U.S. airlines using both industry and firm-level data. Our empirical approach considers a structural vector-autoregressive model with variables recognized to be important for airline returns including jet fuel price volatility. Empirical results confirm that oil price increase, economic uncertainty and jet fuel price volatility have significantly adverse effect on real stock returns of airlines both at industry and at firm level. In addition, we also find that hedging future fuel purchase has statistically positive impact on the smaller airlines. Our results suggest policy implications for practitioners, managers of airline industry and commodity investors.     

浅谈如何提高汽车的燃油经济性

目前,绝大多数汽车都是消耗燃油的,随着汽车保有量的增加,汽车消耗的燃油占石油产品消耗量越来越大,如何减少对石油产品的消耗,节约石油资源已成为举世瞩目的问题,而且从汽车使用的单位和个人角度来讲,降低燃油的消耗也是至关重要的,因此,我们有必要分析一下影响汽车燃油经济性的因素及提高汽车的燃油经济性的措施。     

Japan's Post‐Fukushima Energy Policy Challenges

The Great East Japan Earthquake and the successive accidents at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station are stark reminders of the importance of energy, which is the basis of economic activity and national governance. Urgent responses have been conducted since March 11, 2011, including controlling the consequences of the nuclear accident, dealing with the short‐term power shortages, and a comprehensive review of Japan's long‐term national energy policy. Nationwide discussions and reviews of these issues are still continuing. Even today, more than 2 years after March 11, many problems remain unsolved and Japanese society has to face uncertainty and challenges about its energy future. In the current difficult situation, Japan needs to achieve “3Es (e nergy security, environmental protection, and economic efficiency)” plus “S” (safety) and “M” (macro economy protection) simultaneously, taking account of the new realities following the Fukushima accident. This paper tries to identify the energy‐related challenges that Japan has to face and tries to recommend the concept of the “energy best mix policy” for Japan, by describing the present status of energy issues in Japan and the national debate on energy policy.     

俄罗斯电动汽车发展现状及趋势

俄罗斯自1970年诞生第一辆纯电动汽车之后数十年,电动车研发与生产基本处于停滞状态。近几年,俄罗斯意识到节能、减排是未来汽车技术发展的主攻方向,其电动汽车产业发展逐渐开始升温。对俄罗斯电动汽车市场发展现状做了概括介绍,对政府出台的扶持政策、配套设施建设等方面进行了分析,展望了俄罗斯电动汽车未来发展前景。俄罗斯汽车制造企业,除研发生产混合动力汽车和纯电动汽车外,也积极同国外合作涉足燃料电池电动车的电池研发。2012年,俄罗斯交通部出台了《俄罗斯普及电动车发展规划》,进一步显示了俄罗斯政府发展电动车行业的决心。