对电子标准文献管理的几点思考

简要阐述电子标准文献的特点,提出电子标准文献必须建立现代化管理,网络化管理,标准化管理和法则化管理观念,才能达到信息共享的目的。     

基于共享性资源的专业市场与集群企业竞争力:网络、信息与制度——基于浙江省绍兴市14262份问卷调查与分析

产业集群与专业市场的互动发展,是推动中国区域经济增长的一大特色。基于专业市场的准公共平台性质,本文将其为产业集群提供的共享性资源分为共享式网络、共享性信息和制度支持三类;并揭示了这些共享性资源对集群企业竞争力的影响。在此基础上,运用浙江省绍兴市14 262份问卷调查与分析实证检验了上述三类共享性资源对集群企业竞争的影响程度。结果表明:专业市场的各种共享性资源对集群企业竞争力的影响存在差异,其中共享式网络的影响最为显著;集群企业竞争力提升的途径主要是充分吸收、利用专业市场的共享性资源进行技术创新、培育品牌、开拓市场等,获得市场竞争的不对称优势。     

Who's in charge here? Co‐CEOs,power gaps,and firm performance

At the pinnacles of organizations, comparative tests of unity of command and shared command are nearly impossible because only one individual sits atop most organizations. In organizations led by co‐CEOs, however, such a test is possible because co‐CEOs can truly share power. But do they? Our research pits the unity‐of‐command principle against the shared‐command principle and finds overall support for the former, even within the co‐CEO context. Our sample of 71 co‐CEO pairs at publicly traded U.S. firms shows that increasing power gaps between co‐CEOs are positively associated with firm performance. This positive association wanes and turns negative, however, as power gaps become very large. We conclude that whatever benefits the co‐CEO structure might offer likely lie outside the shared command paradigm. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中国-东盟自由贸易区内劳动力市场的共享

中国与东盟建立了“10＋1”自由贸易区，近期内由于产业结构相似度高，会对自由贸易区内各国的经济造成一定的影响，尤其是会加大中国对东盟的贸易逆差。但从长期来看，双方相似的产业结构形成了共享的劳动力市场，贸易区内劳动力的国际流动，会促进贸易区内各国经济的发展。     

Municipal Finance in Poland,the Slovak Republic,the Czech Republic and Hungary: Institutional Framework and Recent Development

The recent process of political and economic transition in eastern European countries has not only contributed to the decentralisation of political structure but also significantly enhanced the fiscal autonomy of municipalities in these countries. In this context many similar types of public activities have recently been assigned to local governments, and some taxes were also declared to be local taxes. To be sure, this type of fiscal decentralisation has caused some additional problems, particularly for safeguarding the quality of publicly provided goods and services and for co-ordinating intergovernmental fiscal transfers between the central and local governments. For instance, some criticise that many small-sized municipalities in the transition economies have suffered from financial bottlenecks and have not been able to receive sufficient financial support from the central government. However, such a fiscal devolution trend appears to continue. This study primarily deals with issues surrounding the impact of national fiscal policy and the regulatory framework on local governments' expenditure behaviour and their ability to mobilise necessary revenues under the particular consideration of the institutional and administrative co-operation with the central government and of the less well-developed financial market in Poland, the Slovak Republic, the Czech Republic and Hungary.     

Modelling the Ecological Comorbidity of Acute Respiratory Infection,Diarrhoea and Stunting among Children Under the Age of 5 Years in Somalia

The aim of this study was to assess spatial co‐occurrence of acute respiratory infections (ARI), diarrhoea and stunting among children of the age between 6 and 59 months in Somalia. Data were obtained from routine biannual nutrition surveys conducted by the Food and Agriculture Organization 2007–2010. A Bayesian hierarchical geostatistical shared component model was fitted to the residual spatial components of the three health conditions. Risk maps of the common spatial effects at 1×1 km resolution were derived. The empirical correlations of the enumeration area proportion were 0.37, 0.63 and 0.66 for ARI and stunting, diarrhoea and stunting and ARI and diarrhoea, respectively. Spatially, the posterior residual effects ranged 0.03–20.98, 0.16–6.37 and 0.08–9.66 for shared component between ARI and stunting, diarrhoea and stunting and ARI and diarrhoea, respectively. The analysis showed clearly that the spatial shared component between ARI, diarrhoea and stunting was higher in the southern part of the country. Interventions aimed at controlling and mitigating the adverse effects of these three childhood health conditions should focus on their common putative risk factors, particularly in the South in Somalia.     

Enabling Shared Leadership in Virtual Project Teams: A Practitioners' Guide

Many virtual project teams perform better when leadership is shared (rather than centralized with the formal team leader); however, team leaders are often neither prepared to identify shared leadership potential nor to actually share leadership responsibility. Based on a study of 96 globally dispersed software development teams we show that team leaders tend to underestimate the team members’ capacity to lead themselves. As a consequence, these leaders monopolize decision‐making authority and provide insufficient levels of autonomy for team members to tackle their tasks. Preventing the team members from unfolding their true potential, these leaders unconsciously jeopardize virtual team performance. Paradoxically, it is thus team leaders themselves hindering leadership effectiveness in virtual teams.     

国外住房共有产权制度及对我国的启示

本文从共有产权的基本概念入手,介绍了共有产权制度在英国、美国和澳大利亚的发展概况,从住房形式、保障对象、产权分配和组织机构等方面解释其具体做法。通过总结三国的模式,在共有产权形式、独立的管理机构和保障性延续方面提出了对我们有益的启示。最后提出了完善我国住房共有产权制度的建议。     

共享住宿平台消费者信任的形成机制 ——基于扎根理论的案例探究

消费者信任是影响共享住宿平台运营的关键因素.基于吉登斯的信任理论,运用扎根理论方法,对共享住宿平台数据进行编码和建模,研究共享住宿平台消费者信任的形成机制.共享住宿平台消费者信任的形成遵循"住前准备→实际体验→住后评价"这一基本路径.消费者对共享平台的信任主要包括系统信任与人际信任两类,且系统信任会促进人际信任的形成.