Demand‐side housing policy in Costa Rica: a response to the housing deficit

The purpose of this study was to establish what the housing needs of Costa Rica are and to assess what policies have been implemented to respond to their housing deficit. In order to answer these questions, a combined methodology consisting of primary and secondary data was used. Using open‐ended questions and a topic schedule, face‐to‐face interviews with Costa Rican housing authorities were conducted at the interviewee's work place in Costa Rica in May 2003. The most recent secondary data available in the country was used to compute the housing deficit and to study the effects of demographics on current housing needs. Sources of the secondary data were the Costa Rica Ministry of Housing and Human Settlements, and the National Institute of Statistics and Census. The Costa Rican government has made great progress in reforming the housing finance system in order to meet the housing demand of its citizens. In 2002, Costa Rica had a 75.6% home ownership rate. Yet, even in light of the housing system's current success, many social, economic and political barriers threaten to undermine its accomplishments and the peoples’ ability to obtain safe and affordable housing. The paper considers the strengths and weaknesses of the current housing finance system as well as the government strategies for addressing difficulties.     

长沙市芙蓉综合楼基坑支护设计

在湖南省长沙市芙蓉综合楼基坑支护工程中,针对人工填土、淤泥质粘土等工程性能差的坑壁土体,采用排桩式土钉墙技术进行支护,经济效益显著。     

现浇钢丝网砼墙体的开发与应用

阐述了现浇钢丝网砼墙体的开发历程，客观评价了该墙体的特点，真实的描述了该墙体建筑和工程应用实例，科学地分析了现浇钢丝网砼墙体在推广应用中需要研究的课题。     

论现浇墙体在新农村建设中的应用

简要地介绍了现浇钢丝网砼墙体的特点及其应用情况,客观地分析了其在新农村建设中推广应用的意义,并提出了推广应用的方法和措施.借此宣传现浇钢丝网砼墙体,以期引起相关决策部门的重视.     

旅游地阻力面理论初探--五大连池风景名胜区为例

以生态学中的阻力面理论为依托，创建了符合旅游规划需要的旅游地阻力面理论模型，构建了旅游景点、景区、旅游地、旅游区域之间联系的阻力层次体系，建立了旅游空间联系关系的影响因子系统，提出了旅游地阻力面理论在指导区域、地方及旅游区规划中的作用，并以国家级风景名胜区五大连池为例展示了旅游地阻力面理论在地方旅游开发建设实践中的现实作用。     

对福建资本市场推动"海西战略"产业发展的分析

从"海西战略"产业发展的要求出发,分析福建资本市场在"海西战略"的产业发展资金筹措、重点行业配置效率、产业转移配置效率等方面的作用与影响,得出福建资本市场对"海西"建设起到了较好的推动作用,必须大力发展福建资本市场.     

Measuring the Impact of Asymmetric Information: An Example from Energy Conservation

Asymmetric information has occupied a central role in theoretical microeconomics for almost two decades, but little has been done to ascertain when it matters in practice. The regulatory problem of promoting energy conservation offers an opportunity to ascertain if asymmetric information mattered and to what extent it altered outcomes. Regulators encouraged utilities to promote conservation, and while the regulators could observe conservation prices, they could not observe utilities' promotional efforts. A theoretical model of the regulatory asymmetric information problem yields propositions about the levels of conservation, prices and utility effort, and simulations with realistic parameters are used to determine asymmetric information's impact on these levels.     

Anxiety of dependency in international joint ventures? An empirical study of drivers and consequences of relationship insecurity

This research introduces and delineates the concept of insecurity in IJV relationships. We define relationship insecurity as a parent firm's concerns about the continuance of the alliance arrangement and its partner's future provision of need satisfaction. According to interdependence theory, exchange partners that experience high dependence inevitably experience this ‘anxiety of dependency’, and the emergence of insecurity can destabilize the working relationship from within. We develop a conceptual model of the drivers and consequences of relationship insecurity in IJVs. Our survey results from 125 IJVs indicate that focal firm dependence and partner firm dependence both negatively affect insecurity, though the former is the dominant predictor. This surprising finding implies IJV partners experience ‘anxiety of low dependency’. The results suggest insecurity not only reduces directly IJV performance, but also lowers the quality of interpartner communication, which in turn dampens performance. Implications of these results are discussed.     

框架填充墙裂缝原因分析及预防

文章分析了加气块填充墙裂缝的开裂成因,并提出了相应的预防措施。