关于船员外派法律关系的分析——兼析《船员条例》和《船员注册管理办法》

金融危机席卷全球,进一步证明了经济的全球化趋势,外派劳务市场也未幸免,船员外派作为外派劳务市场的一个重要组成部分,受到了严重的影响。而目前的《船员条例》和《船员注册管理办法》在起到规范作用的同时,也受到了法律效力过低的限制。文中旨在分析船员外派法律关系,更好地去保障船员的权益,并结合《条例》和《办法》去发现其中存在的问题。     

Diverging expectations in buyer-seller relationships: Institutional contexts and relationship norms

Many firms assume that outsourcing partnerships may allow them to strengthen their overall competitiveness. Lured by its intuitive appeal, several enter into such partnerships, only to realize that they represent a marginal rather than a magical solution to their quest for increasing market performance. An important reason for this is the diverging beliefs and expectations held by both parties in the buyer-seller dyad. The purpose of this contribution is to develop a framework for understanding the divergences in expectations and relationship norms in cross-cultural business relationships among SMEs. We discuss four relational expectations derived from the B2B literature on relational norms for addressing these divergences: Quality, frequency and scope of communication, role specifications and coordination of work nature of planning horizons, and trustworthiness and link these to relationship performance. We explore the proposed impact of diverging relationship norms on relationship expectations using data from an ongoing field study of Danish buyers and Chinese suppliers. We link these diverging expectations to the business practices of Danish buyers and Chinese and their institutional contexts. In the concluding part of the paper, we discuss our findings and outline implications for management and academia.     

Twists and turns of triadic business relationship recovery

This study focuses on triadic business relationship recovery processes through a single case study. We address the question of what kind of process takes place when a business relationship on the verge of ending is recovered and what roles a third actor can play in the process. As a result, we model a process through which a triadic business relationship is recovered and attraction, trust, and commitment are restored.     

Experience matters: The role of academic scientist mobility for industrial innovation

Research Summary: A learning‐by‐hiring approach is used to scrutinize scientists' mobility in relation to the recruiting firms' subsequent innovation output. Our starting point is that among firm hires, individuals with university research experience—hired from universities or firms—can be particularly valuable. However, conflicting institutional logics between academia and industry makes working with academic scientists challenging at times for firms. We suggest two solutions to this difficulty: hiring “ambidextrous” individuals with a mix of experience of university research and working for a technologically advanced firm, and a strong organizational research culture in the recruiting firm reflected by the presence of a scientist on the top management team. We track the mobility of R&D workers empirically using patent and linked employer‐employee data. Managerial Summary: An important way to make organizations more innovative is hiring individual researchers with the right types of skills and experience. We show that individuals with university research experience beyond their final degree are particularly likely to help boost firm‐level innovation output after hiring compared to R&D workers with other types of skills and experience. However, to obtain good returns to innovation from hiring such individuals, firms need a university research–friendly organizational culture when hiring individuals with university research experience, from either firms or academia.     

第四方物流运作主体的信用机制构建研究

信用关系的建立和维护已经成为经济生活中非常重要的一部分,作为这几年新兴的市场交易形式--第四方物流,在目前这样一个尚不成熟的阶段更需要对建立和维护各个主体之间信用关系的机制构建进行研究。第四方物流运作中各主体之间信用机制的构建对于实现信息资源共享,有效降低交易成本,建立相对稳定的第四方物流市场有着十分重要的作用。本文运用博弈论的方法提出基于合同预付或抵押的信用保障机制,并给出相应行为的奖惩措施,以宁波在第四方物流市场上信用信息平台的建设为例,得出要建立和维护主体之间良好的信任关系应该注意的几个重要因素和相应的解决措施。     

社会网络分析在市场营销学中的应用

作为一种日益成熟的研究范式,社会网络分析已经引起了多个学科的关注和应用,也为市场营销学提供了崭新的思想、方法和借鉴工具。文章首先阐述了社会网络分析的基本思路,在此基础上比较了社会网络分析的两种具体研究方法——自我中心网分析和整体网分析。讨论了社会网络分析在市场营销学的应用,重点指出了社会网络分析在发掘意见领袖和重估顾客价值方面的独特作用。对社会网络分析在市场营销学中的应用进行了简要评述,并指出了其局限性。     

成功开发新产品的配置关系研究

如何进行有效的新产品开发与提升竞争力一直是困扰着企业的重大难题。原因是影响新产品成功开发的因素错综复杂,难以把握,多达几十甚至百个之多,是亟待研究的重要课题,目前尚缺乏较深层次的研究。本文通过对这些众多复杂因素的问卷调查研究和分析,发现要成功实现新产品开发,需要有效地处理6个配置关系。这个结果能将众多因素的复杂管理简化为6个配置关系的管理,大大地降低了新产品开发复杂性带来的困惑和难度。     

制度创新与经济增长——一个理论分析框架及实证检验

任何经济增长过程都是在一定的制度环境中进行的,有必要将制度因素纳入经济增长理论当中。在新古典经济学框架下,本文通过理论模型分析,认为稳态下的经济增长率跟制度创新有着紧密的正向关的关系。在理论分析的基础上,本文基于1978～2012年的省际面板数据,利用半参数估计和线性回归估计方法,实证分析结果表明：国家财政干预的增强、国有经济的强化和垄断作用加强从整体上抑制了我国以及不同地区的经济增长,提高市场开放度和对产权的保护程度则对经济增长产生了积极的正向促进作用,制度差异是引起我国区域经济增长差异的重要因素之一,制度创新仍是当前我国经济增长的关键。     

Efficiency comparisons between two estimators based on matrix determinant Kantorovich-type inequalities

We first establish two matrix determinant Kantorovich-type inequalities. Then, based on these two and other inequalities, we introduce new efficiency criteria and present their upper bounds to make efficiency comparisons between the ordinary least squares estimator and the best linear unbiased estimator in the general linear model. We provide numerical examples to examine the upper bounds of some new and old efficiency criteria. Received: June 1999     

Econometric Analysis of Managers' Judgements on the Determinants of the Financial Situation in Russia

The paper presents an econometric analysis of the determinants of the financial situation in Russian manufacturing. Official statistics in Russia are not reliable. This is why the analysis is based on business opinion surveys carried out within `The Russian Economic Barometer' long-term research programme for monitoring and investigation of the transition to the market in Russia. The new adaptive approach elaborated by the author of the paper is used to form a correct set of explanatory variables in regression equations. This approach is based on the comparison of the forecast abilities of alternative models with different sets of explanatory variables. Two periods are considered and compared: January 1993 to January 1995 and February 1995 to January 1998. Two variables, the diffusion index of output and the average order-book level, provide the best explanation of the managers' judgement regarding the financial situation in Russia for the first period. It was found that for the second period, the influence of the `output index' diminished. The main factors with which managers related a `good' financial situation in their enterprises were the sample average of order-book level, the stocks of finished goods, the index of order-book level, the index of output prices ratio, and the indebtedness to banks. All relationships are presented in the context of linear probability and logit models.