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121.
Summary. In this paper, we establish the most possilbe general formulation of the technology governing carbon-gas emission, giving
rise to global external diseconomies, and ty to explore into the strategic interactions,both domestic and international, when
an individual country decides on the environmental policies. Through the comparison among emission taxes, quotas, and standard
in the perfectly competitive private economies, we find that the first two policies are equivalent but they are different
in effects by virtue of what we may call the tax-exemption effect of emission standards. Such a difference in the policy effect
further affects the other country's welfare through the global externalities, amplified through whether the government can
precommit to either the emission tax or the emission standard.
Received: January 16, 2001; revised version: April 16, 2002
RID="*"
ID="*" The authors thank the valuable comments by an anonymous referee. Ministry of Education and Science for its financial
support is also greatly acknowledged.
Correspondence to:K. Kiyono 相似文献
122.
Summary. We show, in the Choquet expected utility model, that preference for diversification, that is, convex preferences, is equivalent
to a concave utility index and a convex capacity. We then introduce a weaker notion of diversification, namely “sure diversification.”
We show that this implies that the core of the capacity is non-empty. The converse holds under concavity of the utility index,
which is itself equivalent to the notion of comonotone diversification, that we introduce. In an Anscombe-Aumann setting,
preference for diversification is equivalent to convexity of the capacity and preference for sure diversification is equivalent
to non-empty core. In the expected utility model, all these notions of diversification are equivalent and are represented
by the concavity of the utility index.
Received: July 27, 1999; revised version: November 7, 2000 相似文献
123.
加入WTO以后,要提高国有企业的竞争力,必须注意培养青年人才,建立健全人才的培养和激励机制,强化青年人才资源的开发利用,各级政府要为国有企业青年人才资源的开发和利用创造良好的条件。 相似文献
124.
运用传统会计知识和经验、兼容演绎法和归纳法对人力资本理念下的现代企业会计进行创新思考,先演绎成包括会计假设、会计确认、会计计量、会计账户、会计记录、会计报告六个一体化的理论方面,后归纳为包涵传统会计、人力资源会计两个立体化的观念层次,形成了人力资本理念下的现代企业会计理论模块与观念构架。 相似文献
125.
目前城市物流运输要解决的迫切问题是如何在日益拥挤的城市交通条件下提高运营效率,降低由于交通拥挤给企业带来的运输成本增加。本文通过对传统的运输路线选择模型和算法的分析,提出了根据路网实时动态交通条件进行运输路线选择的模型,并对动态运输路线选择的成本节约进行了分析。 相似文献
126.
127.
当前我国城市社群隔离产生的原因、危害及对策 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
中国改革开放后 ,一大批农民离开自己的土地和家园来到城市。农民工群体与市民群体成为当前我国城市中两大主要群体。他们之间的关系对整个社会整合与稳定有着十分重要的作用。本文分析了两大群体间产生隔离现象的原因 ,危害及其对策 相似文献
128.
Summary. We discuss a competitive (labor) market where firms face capacity constraints and individuals differ according to their productivity.
Firms offer two-dimensional contracts like wage and task level. Then workers choose firms and contracts. Workers might be
rationed if the number of applicants exceeds the capacity of the firm.
We show that under reasonable assumptions on the distribution of capacity an equilibrium in pure strategies (by the firms)
exists. This result stands in contrast to the case of unlimited capacity. The utility level is uniquely determined in equilibrium.
No rationing occurs in equilibrium, but it does off the equilibrium path.
Received: December 29, 1999; revised version: November 30, 2000 相似文献
129.
Received December 14, 2000; revised version received July 16, 2001 相似文献
130.
Paolo Ghirardato 《Economic Theory》2002,20(1):83-92
Summary. I present an axiomatization of subjective expected utility and Bayesian updating in a conditional decision problem. This
result improves our understanding of the Bayesian standard from two perspectives: 1) it uses a set of axioms which are weak
and intuitive; 2) it provides a formal proof to results on the relation between dynamic consistency, expected utility and
Bayesian updating which have never been explicitly proved in a fully subjective framework.
Received: December 1, 2000; revised version: February 26, 2001 相似文献