我国无形资产新会计准则与国际会计准则的趋同

随着经济的发展、科学的进步,无形资产已在企业的资产总额中占有越来越重要的地位.我国最新<企业会计准则第6号-无形资产>所涉及到的若干重要问题与<国际会计准则第38号--无形资产>的相关方面基本趋同.与国际准则相比,我国企业会计准则内涵更加科学合理,在突出无形资产没有实物形态、可辨认、非货币性特征的基础上,突出强调了无形资产是为本企业所"拥有或控制"的特征,为更好地维护企业利益提供了必要条件.     

我国投资性房地产准则的国际比较与借鉴

投资性房地产作为一种新颖投资保值方式,备受一些企业青睐。财政部于2006年2月颁布了新的企业会计准则,其中首次颁布了《企业会计准则第3号——投资性房地产》,此项准则的颁布将会对企业投资性房地产的确认、计量、披露等提供客观的依据。通过我国与国际投资性房地产准则的分析与比较,我国房地产准则的改变应进一步加强对我国投资性房地产范围的界定,规范对我国投资性房地产价值的确定。     

Researcher Interaction Biases and Business Ethics Research: Respondent Reactions to Researcher Characteristics

The potential for biased responses that occur when researchers interact with their study participants has long been of interest to both academicians and practitioners. Given the sensitive nature of the field, researcher interaction biases are of particular concern for business ethics researchers regardless of their preference for survey, experimental, or qualitative methodology. Whereas some ethics researchers may inadvertently bias data by misrecording or misinterpreting responses, other biases may occur when study participants’ responses are systematically influenced by the mere introduction of researchers into the participants’ environment. Although substantial empirical research has been conducted on the general topic of researcher interaction biases, none has focused specifically on business ethics research. In order to remedy this lack of empirical substantiation in the field, we review the related literature on researcher interaction biases, present an empirical example of how such biases can influence research results in an experiment assessing reactions to insurance fraud, and discuss the implications for business ethics research.     

资产证券化的必要性及可行性

随着我国商业银行资产负债期限结构错配导致流动性风险隐患的日益增强,以及银行监管所要求的资本量增加,使得作为风险转移方式之一的信贷资产证券化应运而生。本文通过分析我国资本充足率不足、银行业所处的环境以及我国资本市场投融资体制的现状,说明了我国实行资产证券化势在必行。同时由于资产证券化有广阔的需求前景,大量的国外成熟、成功的经验以及我国成功的资产证券化的实践决定我国实行资产证券化具有可行性。     

市场竞争、经理人激励与上市公司舞弊行为——来自中国证监会处罚公告的经验证据

中国上市公司控制权市场、经理人市场和经理人激励对舞弊行为影响的检验结果表明,在控制权市场竞争中只有第二大股东的制衡力量对舞弊行为起到显著的抑制作用,经理人市场的竞争程度与公司舞弊行为显著负相关,不成熟的经理人市场使得经理人的声誉机制和报酬激励机制都难以发挥抑制舞弊行为的作用。治理上市公司舞弊行为的更好路径是优化经理人的选任机制和竞争机制,而不是仅仅强化其激励。     

论房地产贷款风险

房地产业是今年我国宏观调控的重点行业。近年来房地产业发展速度惊人,商品房价格在节节上升,房地产泡沫逐步累计并日益显现,房地产业发展中存在诸多问题。而且房地产贷款也在大幅增加,存量和新增的房地产不良贷款已经开始暴露,对银行房地产贷款造成重大风险隐患。     

解决国有商业银行不良资产的对策

国有商业银行巨额不良资产的存在是国家金融安全的隐患,本文提出了处置不良资产六大应对之策。     

Signaling,Financial Slack and Corporate Acquisitions

This paper shows that under certain conditions a firm's decision concerning the optimal medium of exchange to use in acquiring another firm is related to the decision of which source of capital should be used to finance long-term projects. An example of this type of interaction occurs when the firm's only source of financing a positive net present value project is an equity issue. In a Myers and Majluf (1984) world of asymmetric information the value maximizing strategy for the firm is to forego the public equity offering and instead use a stock offer to acquire a firm possessing financial slack. The process is modeled using an extension of the Myers and Majluf (1984) model and demonstrates how the acquisition alternative allows managers to separate the signals regarding the investment and financing decisions. Including net pension assets into our measure of financial slack, we provide empirical supports for the ability of the extended model to explain observed merger activity.     

Accounting practices of the St. Joseph Lead Company: 1864-1900

This paper presents the results of an inquiry into the accounting practices of the St. Joseph Lead Company during the nineteenth century. For several decades following its incorporation in 1864 the St. Joseph Lead Company maintained a very crude double-entry bookkeeping system that lacked detailed cost accounting records. In fact, there is little evidence of any type of industrial accounting prior to 1890 when a direct cost responsibility accounting system was established. Thus, the industrial accounting procedures of the St. Joseph Lead Company appear to have lagged far behind the practices of the contemporary British and American mining firms which have been the objects of recent studies. The investigation thereby reveals considerable diversity in the industrial accounting practices of the American mining industry during the second half of the nineteenth century.     

Parallels between US and UK cost accountancy in the World War I era

Both the US and UK governments attempted desperate measures during World War I in an effort to maintain wartime production levels of necessary commodities and to allow for their economical purchase by the military. Loft (1986a, 1986b, 1990) has studied the British experience in depth, concluding that UK cost accountancy 'came into the light' as a result. It might be expected that similar developments would have occurred in America with the activities of the War Industries Board. In both countries, national associations were established in the immediate aftermath of the war to promote the professional standing of cost accountants. This paper utilizes archival materials in an effort to investigate whether US cost accountancy was developing more sophisticated costing techniques as Loft has claimed for the UK, or whether practitioners in this country were left 'still cursing the darkness'. Our findings suggest that cost accountancy developed in parallel fashion in both countries. US and UK cost accounting professionalism was dominated by the presence of leading financial accounting practitioners, and in both countries the movement towards more sophisticated costing techniques was gradual rather than dramatic.