Foreign ownership and bribery: Agency and institutional perspectives

In this study we examine the effectiveness of formal institutions (as the macro-level mechanism) and external auditing (as the micro-level mechanism) in controlling multinational firms’ engagement in bribery. We adopt World Bank’s data and investigate 38,673 firms in 113 countries. Our results suggest that a firm’s engagement in bribery is positively related to its foreign ownership. Furthermore, we demonstrate the substitute effects of formal institutions and external auditing in controlling this unethical activity. We argue that in a situation whereby formal institutions are weak, a firm’s internal governance mechanism plays a vital role in controlling bribery.     

试论会计信息披露问题

本文从七个方面分析损害会计信息披露质量、造成会计信息不对称的原因。上市公司内部是产生虚假信息的源头,是治理的重点。     

国际内部审计执业准则修正草案探讨

2008年1月公布的国际内部审计执业准则修正草案与原轨业准则相比，在结构和内容上都有较大变化，有助于内部审计质量的追一步提高。为了更好地理解该准则修正草案，本文对其修正前后内容进行了对比分析，井指出修正意义及影响。     

客户相对规模、非诉讼成本与审计意见决策

通过对2004年沪深两市上市公司的研究,我们发现,相对较小的客户(相对于其审计师事务所的其他客户)被出具非标准审计意见的概率较高。审计师事务所对小客户出具非标准审计意见的倾向性,可能与诉讼成本和非诉讼成本的权衡有关。给定会计准则的偏离事项,审计师对大客户出具审计意见,预期的非诉讼成本(如果出具非标准审计意见)可能高于预期的诉讼成本(如果出具标准无保留意见),因此理性的审计师倾向于出具标准无保留意见;审计师对小客户出具审计意见,预期的非诉讼成本(如果出具非标准审计意见)可能低于预期的诉讼成本(如果出具标准无保留意见),因此理性的审计师倾向于出具非标准审计意见。诉讼成本和非诉讼成本的权衡,导致相对较小的客户更容易招致审计师的不利审计意见。     

Audit Fees, Non-Audit Fees and Auditor Going-Concern Reporting Decisions in the United Kingdom

The accounting profession has come under increased scrutiny over recent years about the growing number of non-audit fees received from audit clients and the possible negative impact of such fees on auditor independence. The argument advanced is that providing substantial amounts of non-audit services to clients may make it more likely that auditors concede to the wishes of the client management when difficult judgments are made. Such concerns are particularly salient in the case of reporting decisions related to going-concern uncertainties for financially stressed clients.
 This study empirically examines audit reports provided to financially stressed companies in the United Kingdom and the magnitude of audit and non-audit service fees paid to the company's auditors. We find that the magnitude of both audit fees and non-audit fees are significantly associated with the issuance of a going-concern modified audit opinion. In particular, financially stressed companies with high audit fees are more likely to receive a going-concern modified audit opinion, whereas companies with high non-audit fees are less likely to receive a going-concern modified audit opinion. Additional analyses indicate that the results are generally robust across alternative model and variable specifications. Overall, evidence supports the contention that high non-audit fees have a detrimental effect on going-concern reporting judgments for financially stressed U.K. companies.     

规范采购程序 创新采购模式 实现源头防腐

广西玉林制药有限责任公司根据《药品生产质量管理规范（GMP）》的要求,完善了一系列采购部门工作职责、物料采购规程等,进一步优化了采购管理流程,保证了采购的物料符合产品所需的质量标准,同时也降低了违纪概率,实现源头防腐。     

塔吊基础设计的计算方法

通过ANSYS三维分析和VB配筋程序得到每一荷载组合的两个方向最大配筋,做为正方形塔吊基础配筋,并用VB优化程序进行优化,使得塔吊基础设计满足各种荷载的一般组合下地基承载力、抗弯、抗倾覆、抗冲切等多项要求。     

经济效益审计方法研究

经济效益审计在企业乃至政府中的作用正逐渐显现,而经济效益审计方法则是影响经济效益审计效用的一个非常重要的因素。本文以经济效益审计方法为切入点,首先通过阐述经济效益审计的含义,引申出其方法与传统审计方法的异同;然后结合经济效益审计方法的各种应用条件,对各种方法的具体使用进行详解;最后汇总概括本文主旨并提出建议。     

Auditing regulations and bank shareholders’ wealth: An international analysis

This paper examines the ability of auditing regulation to protect bank shareholders’ wealth during the time of normal growth and during the 2007–2009 global financial crises. The study uses the bank regulation database available at the World Bank website. We select a sample of 2467 banks from 107 countries for the years 1999–2009. We perform multivariate regression analyses and find that while auditing regulations enhance bank equity prices in normal growth periods, there is no evidence that auditing regulations are associated with bank share prices during the period of financial crisis. We observe similar results for both developed and emerging countries and for the common and code law countries. Our results suggest an immediate need to strengthen audit regulations so that investor confidence is more likely to persist during periods of financial downturn.     

连续型抽样方案在企业内部审计中的适用性

随着生产管理方式的不断发展,人们对质量的要求越来越高,审计抽样技术基本停留在标准型抽样阶段,且不能做到实时监控,导致许多企业管理上的漏洞不能及时发现,造成不同程度的损失。将连续型抽样方案的特点和实施的具体要求,与企业内部审计的特征、职能相对比,发现连续型抽样方案在企业内部审计中的应用是具备可行性的。结合审计案例,对其原有内部审计工作进行对比,发现运用连续型抽样,不仅可以对企业的运营实现实时监控,而且在一定程度上降低了企业工作人员犯错的几率。对企业内部审计抽样理论进行了大胆的创新,将连续型抽样引入企业内部审计,对扩大连续型抽样的应用范围,提高企业内部审计人员的工作效率都起到了积极的作用。