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11.
Peter 《Annals of Tourism Research》2002,29(4)
This study investigates the presentations of Hiroshima and Nagasaki as postwar tourism destinations in a selection of Japanese-language guidebooks. Comparison is made between commonly voiced criticisms of Japanese attitudes toward the two atom-bombed sites and the tourism activities suggested by the publications themselves. An expected presentation emphasizing Japanese suffering as a result of the atom bombs is not found in the guides, but neither is an openness to discussion of the war. The conclusions reached find Hiroshima standing as emblematic of the rebuilding nation as a whole, while Nagasaki remains largely outside of the social and cultural dynamics of postwar Japan. 相似文献
12.
James H. Love Frank H. Stephen 《International Journal of the Economics of Business》1996,3(2):227-248
This paper surveys the theoretical and empirical literature on the relationship between advertising, fees and quality in the self–regulating professions. Much of the literature is derived from the perspective of advertising as an information–enhancing device, helping to reduce the information asymmetry between professional and client. This is consistent with the majority of the empirical studies which suggest that advertising tends to have a downward effect on professional fees, with little if any adverse effect on quality. There are, however, important issues of method and measurement which may lessen the force of this conclusion 相似文献
13.
Shouyong Shi 《Economic Theory》1997,10(1):99-133
Summary. This paper examines the relationship between specialization and the use of money in two versions of the search-theoretic
monetary model. The first version establishes a surprising result that specialization is more likely to occur in a barter
economy than in a monetary economy. The result is reversed in the second version where a different specification of preferences
is adopted to limit the scope of barter. This contrast between the results provides a concrete illustration of the general
argument that money encourages specialization only when it enlarges the extent of the market.
Received: January 31, 1995; revised version August 12, 1996 相似文献
14.
Agricultural production is becoming increasingly capital and research intensive. Hayami and Ruttan, along with others, have developed and applied the metaproduction functional approach to the examination of this phenomenon on a worldwide basis. Limitations to the approach derive from a restrictive functional form chosen for estimation, and from a restrictive specification of agricultural capital and land. This study addresses those difficulties by use of the flexible translog functional form for estimation and by specifying an overall agricultural capital index and a land measure incorporating differences in the quality of land (agricultural natural resource) endowments. Estimation results indicate that agricultural comparative advantage in production is likely shifting to developed countries relative to LDC's due to capital constraints in the latter. Also agricultural potential (i.e., land endowments) do not serve to differentiate nations on the basis of agricultural production. Investment in agriculture, including land improvement, is key to the determination of comparative advantage. La production agricole fait appelle de plus en plus a beaucoup de re-cherches et de capitaux. Hayami et Ruttan, avec d'autres, ont developpe et appliqué l'approche fonctionnelle métaproduction pour examiner ce phénomena à l‘échelle du monde. Les limitations de cette approache provienneent de la forme fonctionnelle restrictive choisie pour l'estimation, et de la spécification restrictive de capitaux et terres agricoles. Cette étude traite ces difficultés en utilisant la formule “translog’ fonctionnelle adaptable pour l'estimation et en spécificant un indice du capital agricole global et une mesure de terre qui incorpore les différences du qualité des terres agricoles (ressources agricoles naturelles). Tous les résultats estimatifs indiquent que l'avantage comparatif agricole de production s'incline vers les pays développés parraport aux PMD dû aux constraintes de capitaux dans ces derniers. Aussi la capacité agricole (c'est à dire la richesse des sols) ne sert pas à différencier les nations sur le plan de production agricole. L'investissement dans l'agriculte, notamment l'amélioration de terre, est la cief pour déterminer l'avantage comparatif. 相似文献
15.
Summary. This research studies the role of multivariate distribution structures on random asset returns in determining the optimal
allocation vector for an expected utility maximizer. All our conclusions pertain for the set of risk averters. By carefully
disturbing symmetry in the distribution of the, possibly covarying, returns, we ascertain the ordinal structure of the optimized
allocation vector. Rank order of allocations is also established when a permutation symmetric random vector is mapped into
the returns vector through location and scale shifts. It is shown that increased dispersion in the vectors of location and
scale parameters benefit, ex-ante, investors as does a decrease in the rank correlation coefficient between the location and
scale parameter vectors. Revealed preference comparative static results are identified for the location and scale vectors
of asset returns. For most issues addressed, we arrive at much stronger inferences when a safe asset is available.
Received: August 8, 2000; revised version: January 8, 2001 相似文献
16.
Predicting the geo-temporal variations of crime and disorder 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Traditional police boundaries—precincts, patrol districts, etc.—often fail to reflect the true distribution of criminal activity and thus do little to assist in the optimal allocation of police resources. This paper introduces methods for crime incident forecasting by focusing upon geographical areas of concern that transcend traditional policing boundaries. The computerised procedure utilises a geographical crime incidence-scanning algorithm to identify clusters with relatively high levels of crime (hot spots). These clusters provide sufficient data for training artificial neural networks (ANNs) capable of modelling trends within them. The approach to ANN specification and estimation is enhanced by application of a novel and noteworthy approach, the Gamma test (GT). 相似文献
17.
郑少贞 《数量经济技术经济研究》2002,19(6):49-51
中国正式加入WTO,标志着中国对外开放进入了一个新的阶段,本文试图在分析国际资本流动的新特点的基础上,从完善市场经济制度和投资环境,引资方式创新,发挥利用外资对结构调整战略的配合作用,以及利用外资与宏观经济目标的相互协调等方面,提出中国利用外资的基本思路。 相似文献
18.
Received March 5, 2001; revised version received August 5, 2002
Published online: April 30, 2003 相似文献
19.
Bayesian MCMC Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci in a Half-sib Design: a Graphical Model Perspective
N.A. Sheehan B. Gulbrandtsen M.S. Lund D.A. Sorensen 《Revue internationale de statistique》2002,70(2):241-267
Graphical models provide a powerful and flexible approach to the analysis of complex problems in genetics. While task-specific software may be extremely efficient for any particular analysis, it is often difficult to adapt to new computational challenges. By viewing these genetic applications in a more general framework, many problems can be handled by essentially the same software. This is advantageous in an area where fast methodological development is essential. Once a method has been fully developed and tested, problem-specific software may then be required. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the potential use of a graphical model approach to genetic analyses by taking a very simple and well-understood problem by way of example. 相似文献
20.
This paper examines the effects of government deficits, public investment, and public capital on welfare in the transition to an aging Japan by applying a simulated general equilibrium growth model. One of the main results of this paper is that targeting only high economic growth would mislead us as to economic policies, and that a policy to reduce future government deficits is most preferable for almost all generations, even though a cut in future deficits must be followed by a decrease in public investment, thus a decrease in public capital in the future. J. Japan. Int. Econ., December 2002, 16(4), pp. 462–491. Faculty of Economics, Shiga University, Japan; and Management School, Imperial College, United Kingdom. © 2002 Elsevier Science (USA).Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: H55, H54, H62, C68, J10. 相似文献