Quantifying and characterising aviation accident risk factors

This paper compares the exposure of normal flights to a number of meteorological factors that also exist for flights resulting in accidents. The factors examined include visibility, ceiling height, temperature, crosswind, tailwind and instrument or visual meteorological conditions. Differences in exposure to these factors are examined and a measure of accident propensity related to different levels of risk exposure is quantified based on relative accident involvement ratios. Four categories of aircraft accidents relevant to the assessment of airport safety areas are examined.     

“双证”融通：职教与就业对接的重要举措——以广州民航职业技术学院为例

“双证”融通是学历教育和职业培训并举、学历文凭与职业资格证书并重、人才培养与人才使用沟通、职教与就业对接的重要举措,是架接民航高技能人才培养“立交桥”的有效途径之一,是职前职后贯通的桥梁和纽带。     

新形势下经济特区的“特区之位”探析

在经济体制改革的新形势下,相对于"全国综合配套改革实验区"即"新特区"来说,经济特区作为"老特区"的改革实验田地位受到严重挑战,似乎已经完成了其作为改革创新扩大开放的实验田功能和全国改革开放的"窗口"、"排头兵"的历史使命,经济特区的"特区之位"已为综合配套改革实验区所取代。其实不然,经济特区在改革开放的攻坚阶段,仍将继续发挥其改革开放的"排头兵"作用。     

关键核心技术产学研协同创新机理研究——以芯片光刻技术为例

产学研协同创新是突破关键核心技术“卡脖子”问题、实现科技自立自强的重要途径,但鲜有研究揭示面向关键核心技术创新的产学研协同机理。基于复杂系统管理理论,构建关键核心技术产学研协同创新机理系统框架,揭示产学研非线性互动协同创新规律,并以芯片光刻技术为例,借助社会网络分析法实证解析该框架。研究发现：(1)资源整合—主体交互—系统涌现是基于复杂系统管理视角提升产学研协同网络成效、加快关键核心技术突破的有效途径;(2)主导者—桥梁—辅助者权力分配规则能够有效促进多元主体在交互过程中通过嵌入性社会关系推动关键核心技术创新的价值增值;(3)模块化—松散耦合的网络结构能够消除主体间交互障碍、最大化结构红利,是产学研协同复杂网络在系统结构层面涌现的关键核心技术创新突破规律。最后,通过芯片光刻技术专利合作网络实证解析关键核心技术产学研协同创新机理,提出强化面向关键核心技术产学研协同创新、助力高水平科技自立自强的对策建议。     

基于Rayleigh Wave现场试验评价场地地基土研究

本文结合辽河油田矿区4个场地的瑞雷波实测数据,建立瑞雷波波速值与相关土体标贯击数的关系模型,反演测试场地剪切波速,探索利用瑞雷波评价场地的方法。利用瑞雷波波速的空间分布规律,对测试场地进行初步分层,并编制了相应的分析程序。     

THE ROLE OF SUPPLY CONSTRAINTS IN MULTIPLIER ANALYSIS

Multiplier analysis based upon the information contained in Leontief's inverse is undoubtedly part of the core of the input–output methodology and numerous applications and extensions have been developed that exploit its informational content, both at the national and regional levels. Nonetheless there are some implicit theoretical assumptions whose policy implications need to be assessed. This is the case for the ‘excess capacity’ assumption, which implies that resources are available as needed to adjust production to new equilibrium states. In an actual economy, however, new resources are often scarce and always costly. When supply constraints intervene, the assessment of the effects of government demand policies may be substantially different from that of the standard Leontief multiplier matrix. Using a closed general equilibrium model that incorporates supply constraints, we perform some simple numerical exercises and proceed to derive two ‘constrained’ multiplier matrices, based upon the implicit Jacobian matrix, that can be compared with the standard ‘unconstrained’ Leontief matrix.     

Intermodal competition in the London-Paris passenger market: High-Speed Rail and air transport

This paper studies inter- and intramodal competition in the London-Paris passenger market during the period 2003-2009. We identify the degree to and conditions under which High-Speed Rail is a viable substitute for airline travel. Using pooled cross-sectional data we estimate multinomial and mixed logit models to examine actual travel behaviour. Our model allows us to analyse the reaction of passenger behaviour on the withdrawal of aviation alternatives and the completion of the High-Speed Rail link between the two cities in November 2007. The results show that travel time and frequency are the main determinants of travel behaviour. The valuation of total travel times changes over the years following the opening of the High-Speed Rail link. Furthermore, we show that the direct elasticity of market share with respect to frequency for a number of aviation alternatives is above 1, indicating that these alternatives are not able to maximise profits. These alternatives subsequently left the market in our sample period. For the remaining aviation alternatives, except for easyJet, we find elasticities of market share with respect to frequency close to 1. Therefore, we conjecture that competition in this market will decline in the long run.     

中国品牌在Interbrand全球榜的地位及策略 ——基于其他国际权威品牌排行榜的对比

华为连续五年在Interbrand全球榜攀升,但在2019年下降;联想连续三年在Interbrand全球榜尾徘徊,在2018年落榜;其它中国品牌则从未进入该榜。迄今为止,中国品牌在Interbrand全球榜上的数量、名次、价值及其占比,与美国、德国、日本、法国品牌一直存在巨大差距。从2019年Brand Z、Brand Finance、World Brand Lab、Forbes等四种全球品牌排行榜来看,中国品牌展示的最大价值是1300多亿美元,最佳位次是第7名,在百强中实现的最多品牌数量为21个。同时,华为在Interbrand全球榜的品牌价值、位次,分别大幅度落后于四种全球榜中的三种。为扭转中国品牌在Interbrand全球榜的不利地位,中国品牌要向Interbrand全球榜的入选标准靠近,主动适应全球榜的规则。同时,中国实业界、理论界应当设法改善中国品牌在Interbrand全球榜的竞争环境。     

区域创新驱动发展关键影响因素研究

探讨了区域创新驱动发展的基本路径,即依靠自主创新率先驱动区域产业发展,最终实现区域全面发展。通过自主创新与产业发展研究综述,将创新投入、创新环境、创新人才、创新政策、创新载体5种因素确定为区域创新驱动发展的关键影响因素。在此基础上,利用LISREL软件对5种影响因素进行验证性因子分析,最终找到了5种影响因素间的逻辑关系和自然联系,并构建了区域创新驱动发展核心竞争力模型。     

我国机床制造企业海外并购的关键因素研究

近年来,我国机床制造企业所进行的14次并购大多取得了成功。本文在总结现有并购成功因素的相关理论基础上,对我国机床制造企业这14次海外成功并购的关键因素进行了案例研究,以期对我国其他制造企业的海外并购有所启示。