AN ANALYSIS OF THE WELFARE CUTS IN THE COMPREHENSIVE SPENDING REVIEW AND THE BUDGET 2010

In the Comprehensive Spending Review and in the Budget 2010, the Liberal–Conservative coalition has announced cost‐cutting measures in the benefit system. Some of these measures can be interpreted as ‘random cuts’, where the given scope and structure of a spending programme is retained, while bits and pieces are chopped off here and there. Others can be interpreted as more strategic measures, or reconsiderations of the proper role of government in the respective area. However, where the coalition has pursued a more strategic approach, it has not followed it through consistently. The coalition's consolidation strategy relies too much on temporary caps and freezes, which will eventually expire and give way to renewed spending pressures.     

Counterfeiting as Private Money in Mechanism Design

We describe counterfeiting activity as the issuance of private money, one that is difficult to monitor. Our approach, which amends the basic random‐matching model of money in mechanism design, allows a tractable welfare analysis of currency competition. We show that it is not efficient to eliminate counterfeiting activity completely. We do not appeal to lottery devices, and we argue that this is consistent with imperfect monitoring.     

如何有效降低银行对小微企业抵押物要求——基于贷款技术的视角

在理论分析抵押物作用机制的基础上，实证研究能够有效替代抵押物的贷款技术，并进一步分析某些贷款技术难以发挥替代作用的可能原因，以降低银行对小微企业抵押物要求，从而缓解小微企业信贷配给。研究结论表明：抵押率与借款企业违约风险显著负相关，抵押物作用机制中客户选择效应占主导地位；关系型和担保型贷款技术可以显著降低银行对抵押物要求，而财务报表型和信用评级型贷款技术对抵押物的替代效应十分微弱；随着金融基础设施的完善，信用评级型贷款技术对抵押物的替代效应逐渐显现，但财务报表即使经过审计亦难以对抵押物形成有效替代。在此基础上，提出了完善金融基础设施、提高贷款技术事前甄别能力的政策建议。     

构建商业银行声誉风险化解机制的思考

商业银行的经营活动必定伴随着一定的风险,有风险就必须得到有效的化解。通过对建立商业银行声誉风险化解机制的必要性认识及对声誉风险内涵的深刻分析,根据不同的要素,具有针对性地提出构建商业银行声誉风险化解机制的一些思路,为我国商业银行化解风险、稳健经营提供支持。     

Designing and implementing conservation tender metrics: Twelve core considerations

In conservation tenders metrics are intended to describe the values that would result from alternate investments; they are the linkage between individual on-ground projects and tender scheme proponents. These metrics have received little attention by economists yet are the critical linchpin that defines the nature of the values that are traded in markets. In this paper we identify twelve lessons that can guide practitioners in metric design. These lessons embrace the principal biophysical changes likely to result from management change at each site and in combination, and reflect the values that society places on the outcomes from these changes. Practical application is explored through four example tenders encompassing five metrics which demonstrate substantial variation from the lessons identified. The practical consequences for cost-efficiency of investment, and for the use of conservation tenders generally, are unclear because of the practical and political difficulties in developing effective conservation tender approaches.     

从非价格制度谈对市场经济内涵的再认识

随着市场经济的发展，环境污染、外部负效应、社会道德水平下降和贫富分化严重等市场失灵造成的社会不良现象相继出现，暴露出了一个问题，即市场经济价格机制并不是万能的。非价格制度的作用以及市场经济的进入时机与条件，都是市场经济模式运用中更广泛的内容。文章从市场经济的一般理论与特征入手，针对其内在的缺陷，引入非价格制度的概念与作用，指出非价格制度其实应作为市场经济本身的一部分来认识，从而对市场经济理论进行深入探讨。     

我国民营企业公司治理问题探讨

在我国,民营企业具有很强的发展潜力和竞争能力,对中国的经济增长发挥着举足轻重的作用。然而,我国民营企业公司治理方面存在多方面的问题,如企业治理机制不完善、公司治理家族化等。民营企业如何加强对自身的建设和治理,是实施国际化经营的基础和核心。     

节能减排的调控机制创新研究

资源与能源的无节制消耗,致使全球环境污染和资源枯竭。我国对资源和能源的巨大消费受到全球瞩目,能否及时有效地出台节能减排的政策措施,并尽快达到国际节能减排标准,不仅是国际社会的期望,也是关系到我国科学发展的大计。文章从节能减排、资源节约和资源环境保护相互关系的认识入手,提出政府应采取法律、价格、财税、金融相互协调的综合手段和配套措施推进节能减排。     

旅游保险企业顾客资产函数模型构建——基于互补性理论的探讨

旅游保险企业销售业绩不理想的一个主要原因,是不能很好地理解互补性营销资产管理的互补机理。旅游保险企业在组合渠道资产(互补性资产)时,如果原有服务质量(核心营销资产)比较薄弱,而新渠道资产需要对服务质量作出变革时,就不可以只组合进渠道资产而保持原有服务质量不变,否则只能达到次优甚至失败。中国旅游保险企业加强与互补体合作,就有可能获取后发营销竞争优势。     

后税费时代的农村公共产品供给机制创新——基于政府、市场与村民自治组织的分工与合作

全面取消农业税后,农村的部分公共产品供给陷入了困境。农村公共产品缺乏的主要原因是供给机制的缺失,其中重要的因素是农村公共产品供给责任不清以及供给模式单一。本文从政府、市场与村民自治组织的分工与合作的角度阐述了如何清楚划分各级政府在农村公共产品供给中的职责和范围以及如何将私人部门和非营利性组织引入到农村公共产品供给中来,实现政府和市场的合作。