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771.
Anna Pajor;Justyna Wróblewska;Łukasz Kwiatkowski;Jacek Osiewalski; 《Revue internationale de statistique》2024,92(1):62-86
We compare predictive performance of a multitude of alternative Bayesian vector autoregression (VAR) models allowing for cointegration and time-varying conditional covariances, described by different multivariate stochastic volatility (MSV) models, including their hybrids with multivariate GARCH processes (MSV-MGARCH), as well as t-GARCH and Markov-switching structures. The forecast accuracy is evaluated mainly through predictive Bayes factors, but energy scores and the probability integral transform are also used. Two empirical studies, for the US and Polish economies, are based on a small model of monetary policy comprising inflation, unemployment and interest rate. The results indicate that capturing conditional heteroskedasticity by some MSV-MGARCH specifications contributes the most to the forecasting power of the VAR/VEC model. 相似文献
772.
本文围绕当前房地产市场的热点问题,应用协整理论研究了我国房地产价格与其多个影响因素之间的长期均衡关系,建立了多因素的长期均衡模型,并给出了各影响因素对房地产价格波动贡献大小的数量化测度,同时建立了相应的误差修正模型,得出全国房地产市场走势的预期。 相似文献
773.
《International Journal of Forecasting》2022,38(2):423-438
Epidemic forecasting has a dubious track-record, and its failures became more prominent with COVID-19. Poor data input, wrong modeling assumptions, high sensitivity of estimates, lack of incorporation of epidemiological features, poor past evidence on effects of available interventions, lack of transparency, errors, lack of determinacy, consideration of only one or a few dimensions of the problem at hand, lack of expertise in crucial disciplines, groupthink and bandwagon effects, and selective reporting are some of the causes of these failures. Nevertheless, epidemic forecasting is unlikely to be abandoned. Some (but not all) of these problems can be fixed. Careful modeling of predictive distributions rather than focusing on point estimates, considering multiple dimensions of impact, and continuously reappraising models based on their validated performance may help. If extreme values are considered, extremes should be considered for the consequences of multiple dimensions of impact so as to continuously calibrate predictive insights and decision-making. When major decisions (e.g. draconian lockdowns) are based on forecasts, the harms (in terms of health, economy, and society at large) and the asymmetry of risks need to be approached in a holistic fashion, considering the totality of the evidence. 相似文献
774.
775.
区域土地利用生态系统服务价值估算与修正——以山西省河曲县沙坪村为例 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以"3S"技术为基础,运用市场价值法、机会成本法、影子工程法等,以山西省河曲县沙坪村为例,详细分析2010年土地利用生态系统的类型和特点,对生态系统服务价值进行估算,并采用价格修正系数进行修正。结果表明,沙坪村生态系统服务总价值为960.18×104元,是农村经济总收入的5.28倍。通过价值核算,以期为改变沙坪村和砖窑沟流域农业内部结构和土地利用格局、缓解人地矛盾、促进人与自然和谐发展提供科学依据,进而为绿色GDP的研究提供科学的评价方法和理论依据。 相似文献
776.
中国能源消耗强度变动机制与价格非对称效应研究——基于结构VEC模型的计量分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文通过建立我国能源消耗强度的结构向量误差修正模型(SVECM),对1978—2007年间我国能源消耗强度变动的长期影响因素和短期动态调整效应进行实证分析,并利用方差分解技术对我国能源消耗强度的改善机制进行了深入探讨。研究结果表明,产业结构、能源消费结构、能源价格及科技投入对我国能源消耗强度的变动有着显著的长期影响,并且能源价格存在明显的逆向非对称效应。短期内,减少煤炭消费比重和重工业产值比重、提高科技费用支出比重都能有效降低能源消耗强度,国际石油价格的波动对能源消耗强度有间接的滞后影响。在各种影响因素中,科技费用支出比重对我国能源消耗强度变动的贡献程度最大,而能源价格的贡献程度又显著高于产业结构及能源消费结构的贡献程度。科技费用支出比重和能源价格的影响效果具有长期持续性。 相似文献
777.
公司财务理论具有严重的经济学路径依赖特征,使公司财务呈现出理性经济人行为假设、个体主义方法论和数理性分析工具的研究范式,现实非伦理化财务行为需要对公司财务理论所选择的传统分析范式进行思考。在分析公司财务伦理属性的基础上,本文从社会复杂人假设、结构主义方法论和全面的分析工具等方面,对公司财务理论的范式进行了修正。 相似文献
778.
Waleerat Suphannachart Peter Warr 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2011,55(1):35-52
This paper examines the impact that publicly funded agricultural research has on productivity in crop production within Thailand. It tests empirically the two hypotheses that, first, publicly funded research and development (R&D) in crop production is a significant determinant of total factor productivity (TFP) in the crop sector and, second, that its social rate of return is high. The statistical analysis applies error correction methods to national level time series data for Thailand, covering the period 1970–2006. Emphasis is given to public research in crop production, where most publicly funded agricultural R&D has occurred. The role of international research spillovers and other possible determinants of TFP are also taken into account. The results demonstrate that public investment in research has a positive and significant impact on TFP. International research spillovers have also contributed to TFP. The results support the finding of earlier studies that returns on public research investment have been high. This result holds even after controlling for possible sources of upward biases present in most such studies, due to the omission of alternative determinants of measured TFP. The findings raise a concern over declining public expenditure on crop research, in Thailand and many other developing countries. 相似文献
779.
Information and communication technology (ICT) plays an important role in rural livelihoods and household well-being. Therefore, this study examines the impact of ICT adoption on farmers' decisions to access credit and the joint effects of ICT adoption and access to credit on household income using 2016 China Labour-force Dynamics Survey data. Both recursive bivariate probit model and a selectivity-corrected ordinary least square regression model are employed for the analysis. The results show that ICT adoption increases the probability of access to credit by 12.8% in rural China and empowers rural women and farm households in relatively less-developed regions to access credit. ICT adoption and access to credit affect household income differently. ICT adoption significantly increases household income, while access to credit significantly reduces it, primarily because farmers do not use the acquired credit to invest in income-generating farm and off-farm business activities. ICT adoption has the largest positive impact on household income at the highest 90th quantile. Our findings suggest that improving rural ICT infrastructure to enhance farmers' ICT adoption and developing ICT-based financial products to enable households to access sufficient funds can improve rural household welfare. 相似文献
780.
Vincent Vandenberghe 《Applied economics letters》2019,26(5):358-361
A common problem with differences-in-differences (DD) estimates is the failure of the parallel-trend assumption. To cope with this, most authors include polynomial (linear, quadratic…) trends among the regressors, and estimate the treatment effect as a once-in-a-time trend shift. In practice, that strategy does not work very well, because inter alia the estimation of the trend uses post-treatment data. An extreme case is when sample covers only one period before treatment and many after. Then the trend’s estimate relies almost completely on post-treatment developments, and absorbs most of the treatment effect. What is needed is a method that i) uses pretreatment observations to capture linear or nonlinear trend differences, and ii) extrapolates these to compute the treatment effect. This article shows how this can be achieved using a fully flexible version of the canonical DD equation. It also contains an illustration using data on a 1994–2000 EU programme that was implemented in the Belgian province of Hainaut. 相似文献