逆周期监管工具、机制与中国的选择

本文梳理并总结了国内外专家学者对逆周期监管主要工具和机制的最新研究成果,分析了中国的经济周期与宏观调控的措施,提出了我国建立适当的逆周期监管工具和机制的路径选择。     

结合机械设计教学开展多种形式计算机辅助设计

本文介绍作者多年来结合机械设计教学开展计算机辅助设计几种行之有效的形式。     

连续喂入式垫肩针刺机送料机构简析

介绍了对中曲柄摇杆机构在连续喂入式垫肩针刺机中的应用情况,阐述了送料机构与针刺机构的运动配合以及送料进给量的调整方法     

The use of ex-ante modelling tools in European Impact Assessment: What role does land use play?

Impact Assessment was introduced by the European Commission in 2002 in order to make policy development more transparent and improve the ‘quality’ of European policies. Cross-sectoral consultation, broad participation and the quantitative assessment of the impacts of policies are significant elements of this process. This article specifically addresses the role of tools modelling the impact of policies on land use in Impact Assessment. The choice of a specific modelling tool is conceptualised as an action situation interlinked with other action arenas. The article aims to uncover the institutions structuring the action situation. The outcome of the empirical work suggests that two types of Impact Assessments can be distinguished. Impact Assessments either substantively contribute to the specific policy that the Commission proposes or they legitimise policy choices ex post that have already been adopted. The legislative procedure that applies to a specific policy sector, the policy making culture in the DG and the stakes that are at issue seem to influence whether Impact Assessments contribute to policy development, or legitimise it. Furthermore, the article describes the situation in which desk officers choose a modelling tool throughout Impact Assessment. To advance their careers desk officers aim to produce policy proposals which respond to the issues raised by the actors involved in Impact Assessment and specifically in policy development and, later on, adoption. Therefore, desk officers’ preferences are shaped by the community that is involved in policy development and Impact Assessment. The article describes what role modelling tools play in European Impact Assessment procedures and it names the heuristic of criteria which desk officers use to choose a modelling tool. Besides several technical and data problems of modelling land use impact, it seems to be unlikely that land use will become a significant dimension of Impact Assessment and modelling as it is confronted with an unfavourable institutional environment at the European level.     

细长油缸孔在卧式床上的加工

液压缸的基本零件是油缸,对于细长油缸孔的加工应采用拉削加工的方法。刀杆在工作时不是悬伸的,而是两头有支撑,从而改变了其切削条件。切削刚度的加强,消除了振动,保证了加工精度,提高了生产率。     

A promotion mix budgeting model for retailing

Our two-equation model of retail promotion provides a well-balanced explanation of both retailers' perceptions of promotion tools and their budget allocation across the promotion mix. While previous studies have examined each of these two components separately, few have integrated both in the one study. Factor analysis was used to simplify the choices of promotion tools. This reduced the number of promotion tools to four, namely mass media, in-store promotion, sales promotion/direct mail and personal selling. We support earlier studies which link budget promotion mix spending (behaviour) to perceptions about the effectiveness of each medium (attitude). The range of determinants of perceptions has been extended by incorporating the roles of retail strategy, store ownership, culture and promotion intensity. We have estimated the budget promotion mix equation using a production function theoretical framework. Although this makes little difference to the strong relationship between retailers' perceptions of promotion tools and budget allocations, the theoretical framework does enable formal estimation of cross-media substitution. We find that the two short-term oriented promotion media are substitutes. Our model has been applied to apparel retailing in Australia, with considerable scope for applications to other retail categories and to other countries.     

加工多种型号的零件时工人闲余能量的分析与利用

加工不同型号的零件时如何寻找工人可利用的闲余能量？本文就此进行分析以便企业在作业现场资源优化，提高人机利用率。     

Improving the business impact of foresight

Achieving an impact on business decision-makers with foresight does not appear to be an easy task. Therefore, the Macro Trends team at Deutsche Bank Research has formulated some criteria to guide foresight projects. They should aim to produce plausibility, provide convenience and inspiration as well as an appropriate time perspective with regard to the content of foresight results. In addition, a structured way of producing and delivering foresight, a seamless inclusion in organisational procedures, a high level of interaction with decision-makers, ideational entrepreneurship, innovation regarding communication with business people, and persistence and synchronisation with the business organisation are the key criteria for achieving a higher impact from foresight projects. To live up to these criteria, the Macro Trends team has developed a 'trend map' which provides a conceptual aggregation of trends - to provide orientation for decision-makers and stakeholders.     

加工中心刀具编码系统

在分析一般数控程序编制方法弊端的基础上,介绍了1套实用的加工中心刀具编码系统。该系统以刀具的用途分类,采用8位数字编码。其中,第1位示刀具的基本类型,第2位示刀具的指定类型,第3至第6位示刀具直径,第7至第8位示刀具的其它特征。还举例说明了如何用刀码表示刀具,分析了其优点和推广价值。     

A note on “minimizing a weighted quadratic function of job lateness in the single machine system”

A set of jobs is to be scheduled on a single machine where an idle time is allowed to be inserted before the processing of the first job begins. The objective is to find an optimal sequence that minimizes the weighted sum of a quadratic function of job lateness. Sen et al. [Sen, T., Dileepan, P., Lind, M.R., 1995. Minimizing a weighted quadratic function of job lateness in the single machine system. International Journal of Production Economics 42(3), 237–243] presented a branch-and-bound algorithm for the problem; however, as shown in this note, their algorithm does not work because the branching rule for adjacent jobs is not applicable to non-adjacent jobs.