中国通货膨胀目标制设计

通货膨胀目标制已经被越来越多的国家和地区所采纳。文章结合通货膨胀目标制的基本前提以及我国现实条件得出:我国目前实行通货膨胀目标制是可行的,并运用实证分析方法,从价格指数、目标点位和目标区域的选择、目标区域、政策时限、目标偏离的调整和例外条款等方面设计了中国的通货膨胀目标制,最后针对中国实际情况给出了政策建议。     

中三角城市群与长三角城市群市场一体化及影响因素比较研究

采用相对价格法和1 246组城市对数据,对1999-2013年中三角城市群和长三角城市群市场一体化程度进行测度与比较分析,运用熵权法构建了复合指标和固定效应模型,对两大城市群市场一体化影响因素进行了实证研究。结果显示：近15年来,两大城市群市场一体化水平均呈上升趋势,但中三角城市群市场一体化水平和进程均滞后于长三角城市群;地方保护主义、经济外向度和交通基础设施是影响两大城市群市场一体化的共同因素。其中,地方保护主义和经济外向度是两大城市群市场一体化的主要障碍,而交通基础设施有利于促进两大城市群市场一体化;信息通达度、经济发展水平和城镇化水平是影响两大城市群市场一体化的差异化因素。其中,经济发展水平和城镇化水平制约了中三角城市群市场一体化,却促进了长三角城市群市场一体化,信息通达度阻碍了长三角城市群市场一体化,却促进了中三角城市群市场一体化。     

Are price strategies effective in managing demand of high residential water users?

Encouraging water use efficiency and water conservation is one of the primary goals of water utility companies nationwide. This study estimates price elasticity of residential water demand to measure the responsiveness of water use to price changes, particularly for high water users. Household-level water use data for high residential water users from Central Florida were analysed using 3-stage least square (3SLS). Estimated price elasticity ranges between ?0.07 and ?0.14. This price elasticity estimate is below most of the estimates reported in the literature (in absolute value). The results imply that for price strategies to be effective in managing water demand of high residential water users, a significant price increase would be needed. Overall, this study highlights the importance of designing water conservation policies tailored to specific groups of customers, and the importance of using these strategies effectively and fairly for different customer groups.     

Finance and income inequality in Kazakhstan: evidence since transition with policy suggestions

Kazakhstan gained independence in 1990 and has undergone significant changes in economic, social and trade conditions since then. We analyse the effects of financial development on income inequality in Kazakhstan, incorporating economic growth, foreign investment, education and the role of democracy as the drivers. We establish that income inequality in Kazakhstan is impaired by financial development. In summary, we send three messages for policy purposes. First, strengthening financial sector is necessary to close the gap between ‘haves and have-nots’. Second, attracting FDI beyond the hydrocarbon sector is necessary to alleviate inequality. Finally, adaptation of education system to the new social and economic environment would help in improving income distribution.     

Unconventional monetary policy announcements and information shocks in the U.S.

We study unconventional policy shocks and information shocks associated with central bank announcements in the U.S. While unconventional policy shocks capture the direct influence of announced monetary policy actions, information shocks are associated with central bank information conveyed with the announcement. To disentangle these two types of shocks, we impose sign restrictions on high frequency changes in interest rates and stock prices around announcements. We find that information shocks lead to persistent declines in the 10-year government bond yield, whereas the actual unconventional policy shock induces only small interest rate responses. We also find that expansionary output effects of unconventional monetary policy are to some extent counteracted by the information shock.     

Stochastic growth: asymptotic distributions

Summary. This note studies conditions under which sequences of state variables generated by discrete-time stochastic optimal accumulation models have law of large numbers and central limit properties. Productivity shocks with unbounded support are considered. Instead of restrictions on the support of the shock, an “average contraction” property is required on technology. Received: August 27, 2001; revised version: January 9, 2002 RID="*" ID="*"The author thanks John Creedy and Rabee Tourky for helpful comments, and the Economic Theory Center, University of Melbourne for financial support.     

影响中部地区产业集群的因素及建议

集群是指相同的产业高度集中于某个特定地区的一种产业成长现象,它是区域经济发展的主要推动力。近年来,产业集群在我国经济发达地区得到迅速发展,大大提升了产业的竞争力,促进了这些地区经济的持续增长。然而中部地区产业集群发育不成熟,其影响因素是多方面的,但主要受制于地理区位、自然资源、产业和政府等因素的影响。笔者详尽分析了影响中部地区产业集群的因素,并提出促进中部产业集群发展的一系列建议。     

松嫩平原生态资产遥感测量与生态分区研究

生态资产测量与价值评估以生态系统服务功能效益和自然资源价值为核心,直接反映了生态环境发展变化的状态和结果,进行区域生态资产核算,对于国民经济发展和生态环境保护具有重要意义.本文应用生态学、经济学和生态环境科学等学科的理论,以TM和MODIS卫星遥感影像、气象数据和DEM数据为数据源,在进行松嫩平原腹地土地利用变化遥感解译和生态环境要素定量反演的基础上,建立了区域生态资产遥感测量的概念模型和指标体系,进而进行了松嫩平原生态资产的定量测算与分区对比研究.结果表明,松嫩平原腹地2002年总生态资产价值为659.681 8亿元,平均生态资产价值林地最高,达到18 432.16元/hm2,其次为湿地和高覆盖草地,盐碱地最低,仅为1 447.66元/hm2.在空间分布上,松嫩平原腹地北部的生态资产值明显高于南部,呈现出沿东北向西南逐渐下降的趋势.     

中原城市群软实力的对策研究

中原城市群地区对承东启西、拉动中部崛起具有重要作用。论文在有关城市软实力研究现状基础上,分析了城市软实力的含义,提出了城市软实力的基本要素,并进一步提出了提升中原城市群软实力的策略在于增加以信任为核心的城市社会资本和大力发展中原城市的文化产业。     

中央国企财务监控体系的框架构建

基于"统一所有、三层运作、多方监督、全程监控"基本模式构建的中央国企财务监控体系,可以实现内外监控相结合、事前监控、事中监控与事后监控相结合,最终确保出资人财务监控目标的实现。