经济发展方式转变下扩大我国消费对策研究

本文首先分析了改革开放以来我国消费率的变动趋势,然后对制约我国消费增长的因素进行剖析,最后提出要从供给和需求两方面来扩大我国消费,更重要的是转变经济增长方式和进行结构调整,着力培育促进消费持续增长的长期机制.     

商业银行学习模式与竞争力培育互动关系研究

银行的学习能力对其保持长久的生命力至关重要,而构建与竞争力培育实践相结合的学习模式更是我国银行的现实选择和客观要求.本文首先从理论上分析了银行学习与竞争力培育的互动关系,并从国外银行的实践角度进行了实证分析,认为基于竞争力构建学习模式是银行发展的必然选择;然后,对我国银行基于竞争力构建学习模式的意义进行了阐述,指出其具有较好的应用前景;最后,提出了基于竞争力的三个层面学习模式.本文认为,基于我国银行现有的学习能力,应该采取相关的辅助性策略,以各种支持性措施逐步提高学习能力,从而缩短学习与竞争力培育的距离,渐次推进学习模式的演化.     

Patterns of care and burden of chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in Brazil

Aims: Although several therapeutic options are available for chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (cITP), little is known about the treatment of cITP in Brazil.

Materials and methods: A multi-center, retrospective chart review, observational study was designed to describe the treatment patterns, clinical burden, resources use, and associated costs for adult patients diagnosed with cITP and treated in public and private institutions in Brazil. Patient charts were screened in reverse chronological order based on their last visit post January 1, 2012. (All costs were calculated using 1.00 USD?=?3.9571 BRL, from February 2016.)

Results: Of 340 patient charts screened, 50 patients were eligible for inclusion in the study. Single-drug therapy (prednisone, dexamethasone, or dapsone) was the most commonly used treatment, followed by combination therapies (azathioprine?+?prednisone, azathioprine?+?prednisone?+?danazol, and prednisone?+?dapsone). Splenectomy was performed in 22% of patients after at least first-line treatment. Platelet count and number of bleeding episodes at diagnosis were 31,561.1/mm³ (SD?=?±26,396.1) and 40 episodes, respectively; in first-line, 92,631.1/mm³ (SD?=?±79,955.3) and 19 episodes, respectively; in second-line, 96,950.0/mm³ (SD?=?±76,476.4) and 17 episodes, respectively. Private system patients had a higher median cost compared to public system patients (USD 17.49/month, range?=?0–2,020.77 vs USD 9.51/month, range?=?0–192.64, respectively).

Limitations: This study does not allow conclusions for causal explanations due to the cohort study design, and treatment patterns represent only the practices of physicians who have agreed to participate in the study.

Conclusions: The data indicate that available therapeutic strategies for second- and third-line therapies appear to be limited.     

生产性过剩条件下中国宏观经济政策取向探讨

目前我国之所以出现生产性过剩，商品过剩为其直接原因，生产和消费关系失调为其根本原因。为此，国家宏观经济政策应由主要调控投资转向主要调控消费，以消费带动投资。     

The consumption–investment decision of a prospect theory household: A two-period model

This study extends the literature on portfolio choice under prospect theory preferences by introducing a two-period life cycle model, where the sufficiently loss averse household decides on optimal consumption and investment in a portfolio with one risk-free and one risky asset. The optimal solution depends primarily on whether the household’s present value of the consumption reference levels is below, equal to, or above the present value of its endowment income. Reference levels below the endowment income are associated with the self-enhancement motive. In this case, the household avoids relative losses in consumption in any present or future state of nature (good or bad). As a result the degree of loss aversion does not directly affect optimal consumption and risk taking activity. Reference levels equal to the endowment income are associated with the belonging motive. An example would be a household comparing to others that belong to the same social class. In this case the household’s optimal consumption is the reference consumption and the household will not invest in the risky asset. Finally, reference levels above the endowment income are associated with the self-improvement motive (or high aspirations). For such high reference levels, households cannot avoid experiencing a relative loss in consumption, either now or in the future. As a result, loss aversion directly affects consumption and risky investment.     

我国中小型FMCG企业物流配送模式选择——基于FAHP模型的比较分析

与大多数行业一样FMCG行业的“第一利润源”和“第二利润源”几乎挖掘殆尽。因此,如何从物流这个环节进行挖掘新的利润增长点是FMCG企业,尤其是中小型FMCG企业必然需要面对的问题。而配送模式的选择在FMCG企业的成本节约上扮演着重要的角色,通过选择合理的物流配送模式将有助于提高中小型FMCG企业绩效。     

农村居民消费缘何不足——基于消费过度敏感性假说的分析

本文结合经典的心理经验法则与LC-PIH模型,阐释了消费过度敏感性的内涵。运用可变参数模型对我国农村居民消费的过度敏感性进行检验,运用Granger因果检验分析引起这种消费变化行为的原因。实证结果显示:我国农村居民消费存在过度敏感性,农村居民消费对当期收入的依赖程度较高;宏观经济的变化所引起对未来收入及生存状况的不确定性是造成农村居民消费对当期收入的依赖程度较高的重要原因;利率也是从中长期影响农村居民消费变化的因素。     

The influence of the regional context on firms’ innovation patterns: evidence from Ecuador*

ABSTRACT

Using data from the Ecuadorean Innovation Survey of 2015, this paper identifies the innovation patterns that can be found in Ecuador. In addition, we analyse the influence of the regional innovation systems in determining these patterns. The results show that there are six differentiated patterns of innovation, although they all are related to the adoption and imitation of technologies. Finally, we observe that different regional characteristics condition the way in which firms organise innovation.