绩效评估的研究取向概述

当前的绩效评估研究主要有三种主流取向,即个人差异观点、情景观点和绩效管理观点。这三种思路的关系并不是孤立的,它们之间存在着联系,实际应用过程中,往往是结合其中的两种甚至三种观点展开研究的。以后的研究中应该在组织绩效研究、绩效概念的科学界定、基于胜任特征的绩效研究、以及结合平衡记分卡的绩效研究等方面继续展开。     

辽宁装备制造业竞争力评价及影响因素分析——基于产品附加值视角

结合辽宁装备制造业向高技术、高附加值靠拢的发展趋势,通过在内生增长理论模型上嵌入成本发现模型的定性分析,提出装备制造业产品附加值的影响因素;从附加值低这一短板因素出发,采用聚类分析的定量研究方法,将辽宁省与部分地区的竞争力水平进行测算并加以横向对比。结果表明,辽宁装备制造业竞争力影响因素除了人均资本积累、人均自然资源存量,还有内部知识的积累、外部知识的获得、国家的体制与政策环境。     

The Food (In)Security Impact of Land Redistribution in South Africa: Microeconometric Evidence from National Data

The South African land-reform program has been widely criticized for its slow pace as well as its apparent lack of contribution to poverty reduction. No econometric evidence of the impact of land transfers has been provided to date and this paper attempts to fill this gap by considering the impact of receiving a land grant on households’ food insecurity. Propensity score matching and univariate probit estimates using two national household surveys indicate that, on average, land grant recipients are more food insecure than comparable non-participants. Recursive bivariate probit estimates suggest that selection bias is not driving this result.     

新环保法实施增大了企业的技术创新投入吗？——基于PSM-DID方法的研究

以2012—2017年A股上市公司为样本,借助双重差分倾向得分匹配法（PSM-DID）研究了新环保法实施这一外生性事件对企业技术创新投入的影响。结果显示,新环保法实施后受影响企业的技术创新投入有所增加,但结果并不显著。进一步探究其原因,发现除新环保法影响可能存在的时滞性特征以外,企业并没有在新环保法实施环境下对企业的资本结构、治理结构和激励方案等影响企业技术创新的重大方面做出及时调整,导致环保法的强制性作用无法快速、有效地影响企业的技术创新。     

基于平衡计分卡的项目管理绩效评价模型研究

传统的项目管理往往仅将其管理领域局限于项目与项目实施间的行为,缺乏与组织战略相互因应的结合。以项目为导向(Project-base)的组织中,通过员工之间的互相支持,资源共同分享的方式,使企业能够快速地应变不同的需求与变动,动态的调整项目的分配,从而强化企业的竞争优势。本文的研究目标是试图采用平衡计分卡的模式作为项目管理与组织战略结合的桥梁,摆脱传统上单纯以量化模式评估绩效的方式,而从多个层面针对项目管理的绩效作一个较为全面的探讨,期望能使项目管理的绩效与组织战略更加紧密结合。通过平衡计分卡四个层面的绩效评价,充分地分析组织整体与项目个别的绩效表现,提供管理人员快速发现问题与制定决策的依据。     

What is the benefit of membership in farm producer organizations? The case of coffee producers in Peru

Empirical evidence of the benefit of farm producer organizations (FPOs) in the developing world is mounting. There is, however, no work in South America on the relationship between FPO membership and farm-level performance. We address the gap by estimating the treatment effect of FPO membership with respect to three outcomes: quantity produced, quantity sold, and price received. The empirical application focuses on the Peruvian coffee sector, where FPOs may have played an important role during the recent price crisis. A sample of approximately 9,000 survey responses from Peruvian coffee producers during the 2015–19 period is used in the analysis. Results show a positive treatment effect of FPO membership on all three farm-level outcomes. Compared to non-FPO members, FPO members produced 120–295 kg/ha more, sold 118–296 kg/ha more, and received 0.42–1.53 PEN/kg more. We also find evidence of heterogeneity in the estimated effect of FPO membership across time, farm size, and membership probability. The findings yield novel implications in terms of policy support for FPOs.     

基于平衡计分卡的高校战略执行能力评价及路径选择

平衡计分卡对组织全方位的考核及关注组织长远发展的理念受到企业、政府以及高校的充分重视。以平衡计分卡作为高校战略规划及实施的工具,从资源整合、流程优化、平台构建、战略规划四个维度,构建高校战略执行能力评价指标体系。采用因子分析法和K均值聚类法,选取湖北省17所大学在“十二五”末期的战略执行能力进行实证分析。参照高校各单项因子与综合因子的波动情况,结果表明绝大多数湖北省高校战略执行能力呈现非均衡性,战略规划与实施过程存在脱节。在此基础上提出提升高校“十三五”时期战略执行能力的路径模式。     

农业水价利益相关者定量排序研究

[目的]我国农业水价综合改革工作推进正面临诸多阻碍,文章通过利益相关者理论研究农业水价问题,明确农业水价利益相关者间的关系,并对农业水价综合改革工作产生积极影响。[方法]通过文献调研和实地调研相结合的研究方式,对农业水价的利益相关者进行了识别、确定;同时运用"Mitchell"评分法、专家打分法等方法,以利益相关者的3个属性为切入点,由领域内权威专家对农业水价的各利益相关者进行打分,最终确定农业水价利益相关者定量排序。[结果]农业水价利益相关者排序呈现:政府部门农户及其组织其他社会机构。同时结合农业水价综合改革情况分析确定了农业水价利益相关者综合排序及各属性排序结果的合理性。[结论]农业水价利益相关者定量排序以定量的形式展示了农业水价利益相关者间的关系,并为农业水价合理分担的进一步研究提供了重要基础。     

Measuring the effects of preservation on farm profits in a continuous treatment setting

Despite billions of dollars of public appropriations to state purchase of development rights (PDR) programmes, there has been limited evaluation of the effects of these investments on the economic performance of preserved farms. This article estimates dose-response functions to evaluate the effects of enrolment in New Jersey’s PDR programme on farm profitability. The generalized propensity score method in a continuous treatment setting is used to address selection bias arising from voluntary programme participation. Treatment effects are measured across treatment levels to determine whether farm profitability is affected differently across levels of programme participation. Our findings reveal that, relative to unpreserved farms, profit per acre tends to increase along lower treatment levels. The profit per acre of preserved farms in the 1–40% treatment range is, on average, $407 higher than that of unpreserved farms in the full sample. Positive profit differentials averaging between $317 and $472 per acre are also observed in the 1–20%, 1–40% and 1–60% treatment quintiles in the farming occupation sample. We do not observe statistically significant profitability differentials when treatment effects are averaged across all positive treatment values.     

略论企业环境绩效评价指标体系

保护环境,控制环境成本,实现企业经济效益和社会环境效益的双赢是企业实现可持续发展的重要保证。分析环境管理绩效指标和环境操作绩效指标可以检测企业环境成本控制结果的好坏。标杆法和平衡计分卡法是企业环境绩效评价的两种有效方法。