A Stochastic Frontier Production Function with Flexible Risk Properties

This paper considers a stochastic frontier production function which has additive, heteroscedastic error structure. The model allows for negative or positive marginal production risks of inputs, as originally proposed by Just and Pope (1978). The technical efficiencies of individual firms in the sample are a function of the levels of the input variables in the stochastic frontier, in addition to the technical inefficiency effects. These are two features of the model which are not exhibited by the commonly used stochastic frontiers with multiplicative error structures.An empirical application is presented using cross-sectional data on Ethiopian peasant farmers. The null hypothesis of no technical inefficiencies of production among these farmers is accepted. Further, the flexible risk models do not fit the data on peasant farmers as well as the traditional stochastic frontier model with multiplicative error structure.     

企业竞争中的博弈分析

竞争对消费者有利,对企业不利;竞争者越多对消费者越有利,对企业来说则相反.同时,竞争对消费者和企业的影响程度可以量化.     

制度选择中的政府行为模型分析

运用新制度经济学的研究方法,对政府行为主体的作用进行分析,构建了一个政府行为模型,同时对政府行为的制度功能进行了说明。     

武汉大旅游圈的构建与发展模式研究

在迈向２１世纪的关键时期，武汉市提出了建设国际性城市的战略目标。旅游业在实现这个战略目标中的地位、作用以及特定的意义日益引起广泛的关注。本文对武汉市旅游业的发展战略模式──大旅游图的构建要素、职能特点等进行了分析，提出了武汉大旅游圈功能结构和空间结构的具体拓展方案。     

战略成本管理理论演进及其发展方向

本文从卡普兰作业成本研究的新发现入手,进而分析传统成本管理与企业增长方式转变的矛盾,以及现代战略管理理论发展的影响,揭示战略成本管理理论产生的社会经济背景。在介绍战略成本管理内涵与基本特征的基础上,重点阐述了以美国为代表的价值链——产品生命周期——成本动因——作业基础成本管理思想,以日本为代表的价值工程——产品生命周期——成本企划——成本筑入思想,以及国内战略成本管理的理论研究与实践状况。并指出了战略成本管理的经济意义及其研究发展方向。     

Monotonicity of Rank Statistics in some Non–parametric: Testing Problems

For some non–parametric testing problems (one–sided two–sample problem, k –sample trend problem, testing independence against positive dependence) a partial ordering, denoted by ≥, over the alternatives is defined. This partial ordering expresses the strength of the deviation from the null–hypothesis. All familiar rank tests turn out to become more powerful under "increasing" alternatives; that is, all familiar rank statistics preserve the ordering stochastically in samples whenever it is present between underlying distributions. As a tool, the sample equivalence of ≥ is introduced as a partial ordering over pairs of permutations. Functions, defined on pairs of permutations, which preserve this ordering are studied.     

存货会计政策与成本流动假设的经济学分析

存货是大多数企业的重要流动资产,基于不同的成本流转假设理论,存货计价方法一般可划分为具体辨认法、平均成本法、先进先出法、基本存货法、后进先出法等。存货会计政策选择具有广泛的经济后果,影响企业的财务状况、收益质量、税收成本、现金流量、经营者业绩与其报酬、公司股票价格及报表使用者理解会计信息等。本文认为,各种存货计价政策对企业净利润产生的差异均属于“时间性差异“,在若干个会计期间内,企业无论选择何种会计政策,产生的净利润和经营性现金流量都应该是相等的,企业之所以进行会计政策选择是为了取得上述会计数据不同时间分布带来的各种可能的经济利益。     

物流运输路线选择与成本节约

目前城市物流运输要解决的迫切问题是如何在日益拥挤的城市交通条件下提高运营效率,降低由于交通拥挤给企业带来的运输成本增加。本文通过对传统的运输路线选择模型和算法的分析,提出了根据路网实时动态交通条件进行运输路线选择的模型,并对动态运输路线选择的成本节约进行了分析。     

Regulation and investment behaviour in the telecommunications sector: policies and patterns in US and Europe

This paper reports the results of the quantitative analysis of international experience of the relationship between infrastructure investment in the deployment of capacity that can carry large volumes of voice and data traffic and regulatory policy changes in the telecommunications sectors. It looks at the relationship between infrastructure investment for these infrastructure assets and the access pricing régimes for local exchange carriers in the United States and Europe. It then looks at the relationship between various aspects of regulatory and institutional policy changes in Europe and how they affect access prices.The paper finds that a lower access price promotes greater deployment of digital technology among US incumbent local exchange carriers (ILECs). Based on this finding, it suggests that it is in the ILECs interest to have access to their networks encouraged.The European data for interconnection are recent and far reaching conclusions are not feasible, but the findings, however, suggest that competition has worked by facilitating new entry through decreasing interconnection prices, although path dependencies, of existing and traditional concepts, in the mindsets of operators as well as regulators, may account for these findings.     

集值函数及向量值函数的两类线性算子逼近

本文得到了利用插值型线性算子列及积分型算子列逼近连续集值函数及连续向量值函数的收敛逼近阶。