网络衔接障碍与消解——基于古诺均衡模型的现代交通产业关系研究

在我国构建以高铁为主导的新型综合交通运输体系进程中,高铁、航空与公路客运等交通网络之间的换乘衔接问题成为提高交通系统整体效率的制约点,也是影响交通服务消费者效用的主要因素。该问题一直未能获得行业管理者与相关企业重视,造成资源配置浪费。本文以价格加成的形式来量化消费者换乘障碍,借助博弈模型分析不同的交通运营商对解决换乘障碍问题的内在激励。从政府规制的角度提出鼓励运营商主动进行投资以减少换乘障碍的激励相容设计方案,并指出规制者应适当给予补贴作为引导资金,在交通基础设施增量受限的条件下盘活存量以促进综合运输网络的融合发展。     

学校社会工作应对新时期高校学生问题的潜力

新时期高校学生工作中存在若干棘手的问题,文章通过对学校社会工作的工作理念、工作职能、工作方法等方面与目前高校学生工作进行对比,来剖析挖掘学校社会工作应对新时期高校学生问题的潜力。     

北京间接入境聚集旅游流流势时空演化规律研究

通过对旅游流研究进展分析，引入物理学理论方法，文章提出了旅游流流势概念，依据权威部门多年统计数据分析了1999～2007年间北京15条入境聚集旅游流流势时空演化规律，并借助SPSS软件进行聚类分析。研究发现，北京聚集流流势在时空演化规律方面存在明显的经济导向性和区位导向性。从聚类分析结果来看，北京15条聚集流可总体分为4大股聚集流，分别是以环渤海典型旅游区、长三角典型旅游区、珠三角典型旅游区为核心的三大股聚集流和福建贵州自成一组的聚集流。     

上海旅游业培育成战略性支柱产业的要求、路径、潜力与对策研究

在＂十二五＂期间,我国各级政府如何加快实现把旅游业培育成国民经济战略性支柱产业这一目标？这是一个具有重要理论与实践价值的课题。文章选择上海市为研究对象,对把旅游业培育成为国民经济战略性支柱产业的四大问题进行系统研究：（1）旅游业培育成战略性支柱产业的含义与带动要求;（2）上海旅游产业发展的相对位置与成为战略性支柱产业的发展路径;（3）上海旅游业培育成战略性支柱产业的发展潜力;（4）上海旅游业培育成战略性支柱产业的对策。文章的研究思路、方法与成果不仅对上海,而且对全国各地如何把旅游产业培育成战略性支柱产业,具有普遍的参考意义。     

分支水平井产能公式的可信度研究

本文仔细研究了分支水平井产能公式的架构过程,发现存在两处理论缺陷和三次数学近似。建议深入探究产能公式的架构过程,寻找合理有效的方法以革除或弥补理论缺陷。     

市场潜力与西部地区资源开发

文章模拟了运输成本和市场规模变化情景下市场潜力指数的变化,模拟结果表明,大部分的西部省区在现阶段的运费水平之下,能够通过运输成本的降低有所受益。但是运输成本下降的空间十分有限,难以通过运输成本的降低根本的改善西部的市场通达性。因此现阶段,市场规模是造成东西部地区之间市场潜力差异的主要原因。西部大开发进程中,国家首先致力于改善西部的投资环境,进行了大规模的基础设施建设。但是运输成本降低在改善西部地区市场通达性的同时,也减小了西部资源东运的成本。西部地区市场规模狭小,东部地区强大的市场引力作用吸引了资源的东运和制造业的集聚,成为了阻碍西部地区资源开发的逆向作用力。要对抗东部沿海地区的强大集聚引力、实现西部地区的资源开发、促进西部地区的工业化进程,就必须改善西部地区的市场通达性。因此,在推进基础设施建设的同时,西部开发应该更加重视扩大内需,增强市场引力作用。     

PRICING EQUITY DERIVATIVES SUBJECT TO BANKRUPTCY

We solve in closed form a parsimonious extension of the Black–Scholes–Merton model with bankruptcy where the hazard rate of bankruptcy is a negative power of the stock price. Combining a scale change and a measure change, the model dynamics is reduced to a linear stochastic differential equation whose solution is a diffusion process that plays a central role in the pricing of Asian options. The solution is in the form of a spectral expansion associated with the diffusion infinitesimal generator. The latter is closely related to the Schrödinger operator with Morse potential. Pricing formulas for both corporate bonds and stock options are obtained in closed form. Term credit spreads on corporate bonds and implied volatility skews of stock options are closely linked in this model, with parameters of the hazard rate specification controlling both the shape of the term structure of credit spreads and the slope of the implied volatility skew. Our analytical formulas are easy to implement and should prove useful to researchers and practitioners in corporate debt and equity derivatives markets.     

One Monopoly Is Better Than Two: Antitrust Policy and Microsoft

The Department of Justice recent case against Microsoft is that it should not be allowed to aggressively maintain control over the internet browser market with the objective of preventing the internet from becoming the platform that could ultimately destroy Microsoft's operating system market. The aim of this paper is not to attack the Department of Justice case. Rather, it is to argue that for consumers one monopoly dominating both the operating system and applications is better than two separate monopolies. In our model we integrate Cournot's theory of two goods that are jointly used in the production of a third composite good with the fixed-proportion model. Utilizing our model we develop a possible explanation for Microsoft's actions – protection of its monopoly profits in the operating systems package market. Additionally we show that the price of the final product is lower if one firm monopolizes all markets. Consequently, the ordered split-up of Microsoft by Judge Thomas P. Jackson, aiming at creating two separate companies, one that will produce the windows and the other the operating systems, will harm consumers.     

Biased managers with network externalities

In network industry under Cournot and Bertrand competition, we examine a model when owners of firms hire biased managers who have incorrect market demand. Contrast to previous studies, we show that (i) regardless of the strength of network externalities when consumers form the responsive and passive expectations, owners realize strategic advantage by hiring biased managers to be more aggressive under Cournot and Bertrand competition, (ii) firms prefer facing passive expectations for the weak network externalities and vice versa for the strong network exteranlities under Bertrand and Cournot competition, (iii) if the network size is sufficiently large, then the prisoner's dilemma that firms hire aggressive managers no longer exists under both competition modes. As with no delegation case, we obtain the different rankings of firms' profit depending on both network externalities and forming of expectations under Cournot and Bertrand competition.     

亚布力滑雪旅游度假区潜在客源市场的调查

亚布力滑雪旅游度假区拥有世界级的滑雪场,但近年来经营状况出现滑坡现象。在实地调查基础上,分析了亚布力滑雪旅游度假区潜在客源市场特征,证明其四季旅游产品开发市场潜力巨大;同时在分析外来游客及市民旅游意向的基础上,提出激活亚布力滑雪旅游度假区潜在客源市场的几点建议。