“两型社会”建设中武汉市工业发展战略的实证研究

随着武汉城市圈被国务院正式批准为全国“两型社会”改革试验区,该地区在环保、节能方面的现状和发展战略逐渐成为了全国关注的焦点。通过对“武汉城市圈”的“龙头”——武汉市１９８５～２００７年的环境状况、单位工业产值能耗、经济增长和外商直接投资等变量之间相互关系的实证分析发现,武汉市已经进入了经济增长与环境保护相互促进的发展阶段,环境水平和能耗状况都随经济的不断发展而逐步改善;武汉市引进的外商直接投资虽然对经济发展有一定的促进作用,但总体上质量不高;外商直接投资对武汉工业的知识溢出水平很低;武汉市在某种程度上成为了国际“污染避难所”。     

Reconciling sustainability, systems theory and discounting

Most definitions of sustainability imply that a system is to be maintained at a certain level, held within certain limits, into the indefinite future. Sustainability denies run-away growth, but it also avoids any decline or destruction. This sustainability path is hard to reconcile with the renewal cycle that can be observed in many natural systems developing according to their intrinsic mechanisms and in social systems responding to internal and external pressures. Systems are parts of hierarchies where systems of higher levels are made up of subsystems from lower levels. Renewal in components is an important factor of adaptation and evolution. If a system is sustained for too long, it borrows from the sustainability of a supersystem and rests upon lack of sustainability in subsystems. Therefore by sustaining certain systems beyond their renewal cycle, we decrease the sustainability of larger, higher-level systems. For example, Schumpeter's theory of creative destruction posits that in a capitalist economy, the collapse and renewal of firms and industries is necessary to sustain the vitality of the larger economic system. However, if the capitalist economic system relies on endless growth, then sustaining it for too long will inevitably borrow from the sustainability of the global ecosystem. This could prove catastrophic for humans and other species. To reconcile sustainability with hierarchy theory, we must decide which hierarchical level in a system we want to sustain indefinitely, and accept that lower level subsystems must have shorter life spans. In economic analysis, inter-temporal discount rates essentially tell us how long we should care about sustaining any given system. Economists distinguish between discount rates for individuals based on personal time preference, lower discount rates for firms based on the opportunity cost of capital, and even lower discount rates for society. For issues affecting even higher-level systems, such as global climate change, many economists question the suitability of discounting future values at all. We argue that to reconcile sustainability with inter-temporal discounting, discount rates should be determined by the hierarchical level of the system being analyzed.     

创意产业园区升级过程中资源整合与双元能力演化路径

从组织能力演化的微观视角,探索创意产业园区资源整合对于双元能力演化路径的影响机制。对M50创意产业园区的纵向案例分析表明,资源整合过程为园区平衡发展探索能力和利用能力提供了资源基础,满足其两类能力发展对资源的竞争性需求。受资源整合过程影响,园区对政府资源、创意资源、园区资源的利用和探索能力的演化路径分别呈现出间断性均衡、协调发展和并行发展特征。另外,在探索活动中获得的新知识和新能力丰富了利用活动的内容。     

Creating narrative scenarios: Science fiction prototyping at Emerge

Scenarios are stories. In the diverse field of scenario planning, this is perhaps the single point of universal agreement. Yet if scenarios are stories, their literary qualities are often underdeveloped. Scenarios used in business and government frequently do not contain a relatable protagonist, move a plot toward resolution, or compellingly use metaphor, imagery, or other emotionally persuasive techniques of literature. In these cases, narrative is relegated to an adjunct role of summarizing the final results of the workshop. While this neglect of narrative may be reasonable in some contexts, the power of narrative should not be underestimated. Scenario planning methodologies can benefit from using diverse narrative techniques to craft compelling and infectious visions of the future. This article explores the relationship between science fiction and scenarios as story genres and investigates a creative story-telling technique, “Science Fiction Prototyping” (Johnson, 2011). While the method is promising, it is an ultimately problematic means to incorporating narrative into scenario planning.     

创新方法应用影响因素研究评述与展望

在澄清创新方法概念的基础上,通过筛选研究文献,应用CiteSpace Ⅲ分析了国外创新方法研究的总体特征与规律、学科分布、热点主题及演化脉络,着重剖析了创新方法的前因影响变量与结果变量,结合科技接受理论,构建了以创新者信任与感知为创新方法中介变量的作用机制模型。最后结合研究不足,提出未来研究展望。     

经济常识的创新教育应充分发挥知识的价值功能

在创新教育的今天，教学的主要任务是着重培养学生的创造能力。在经济常识的教学中，培养学生的创造能力，必须充分发挥知识的价值功能，即知识的理论价值、能力价值、应用价值和德育价值四方面的功能。     

关于我国高等院校培养创造性人才的思考

在科技进步与创新的21世纪，我国高等院校担负着培养创造性人才的重任。培养创造性人才，要优化人才培养模式，改革传统教学方法，增强创新教育的基本理念。     

北京市与周边中小城市的区域经济合作研究

深化北京与周边中小城市的区域经济合作有利于增强整体竞争力,推动京津冀一体化发展.目前,北京与周边中小城市主要在产业、科技、房地产、旅游、生态环境和交通等领域合作,但在合作中也存在很多问题.鉴于北京与周边中小城市的区域比较优势资源和发展需求,应从经济--生态合作机制、总部经济、旅游、转化基地和农业等途径深化合作,建立区域...     

Does personal background influence a finance minister to cook the books? An investigation of creative accounting in Swiss cantons

This article aims to identify the factors influencing the use of creative accounting in the public sector. Its distinctive feature is that it sheds light on creative accounting when used, not to hide public deficits, but to conceal surpluses. It especially explores the impact of the finance minister’s (FM)’s background on the phenomenon. We take advantage of the quasi-experimental settings of the Swiss cantons in which the financial management act sets out the possibility of implementing certain accounting gimmicks, including mainly additional ‘depreciation’ charges. These charges, which are depreciations in name only, enable the FM to artificially inflate expenses, thus increasing the deficit or reducing the surplus. Our panel data set of the 26 cantons over the period 1980–2012 includes a new data set of creative accounting and of 116 cantonal FMs. Our results indicate that the FMs cook the books irrespective of their personal or ideological background with the exception that trained economists tend to apply creative accounting more. Additionally, stringent fiscal rules urge FMs towards more surplus-hiding accounting.     

黑龙江省创意产业知识产权保护研究

创意产业是一种智力劳动成果,知识产权正是对这种智力成果进行确认和保护的武器。本文结合黑龙江省创意产业发展的现状,通过分析和解决创意产业发展中知识产权保护存在的问题,达到促进创意产业发展、优化产业结构、改变经济增长方式、提升全省创新能力和综合竞争能力的目的。