无线电通信仿真的数据分布管理

随着无线电行业的高速发展,无线电通信仿真的数据分布的管理也在提升。文章利用基于无线电通信的分布式仿真技术来建立HLA的对抗仿真环境,这是解决无线电通信系统以及对抗仿真和效能评估问题的最佳途径。     

新古典经济学及公司合同理论质疑

以新古典经济学为基础,波斯纳对法律制度进行了全面的经济分析。而伊斯特布鲁克和费希尔则是公司法经济分析的代表。其缔造的公司合同理论,贯彻了市场本位的价格理论,认为公司是合同的联结,法律制度无关紧要。新古典经济学及公司合同理论远离经济现实,受到新制度经济学及其他学派的挑战。     

Cost effectiveness of rosuvastatin in patients at risk of cardiovascular disease based on findings from the JUPITER trial

Abstract

Objective:

This study assessed the long-term cost effectiveness of rosuvastatin therapy compared with placebo in reducing the incidence of major cardiovascular (CVD) events and mortality.

Methods:

A probabilistic Monte Carlo simulation model estimated long-term cost effectiveness of rosuvastatin therapy (20?mg daily) for the prevention of CVD mortality and morbidity. The model included three stages: (1) CVD prevention simulating the 4 years of the JUPITER trial, (2) initial CVD prevention beyond the trial, and (3) subsequent CVD event prevention. A US payer perspective was assessed reflecting direct medical costs, and up to a lifetime horizon. Sensitivity analyses tested the robustness of the model estimates.

Results:

For a hypothetical cohort of 100,000 patients at moderate and high risk of CVD events based on Framingham risk of ≥10%, estimated quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained with rosuvastatin therapy compared with placebo was 33,480 over a lifetime horizon, and 25,380 and 9916 over 20-year and 10-year horizons, respectively. Approximately 12,073 events were avoided over the lifetime; 6,146 non-fatal MIs, 2905 non-fatal strokes, and 4030 CVD deaths avoided. Estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for cost per QALY was $7062 (lifetime), $10,743 (20-year horizon), and $44,466 (10-year horizon). For a hypothetical cohort similar to the overall JUPITER population, the cost per QALY ICER was $11,025 for the lifetime and $60,112 for a 10-year horizon.

Limitations:

The cost-effectiveness comparison of rosuvastatin 20?mg was against no active treatment (as opposed to an alternative statin) due to lack of comparative cardiovascular morbidity and mortality risk reduction data for other statins in a population similar to the JUPITER trial population. The analysis was conducted from the payer perspective and lack of inclusion of indirect costs limit interpretability of results from a societal perspective.

Conclusions:

Treatment with rosuvastatin 20?mg daily, is a cost-effective treatment alternative to no treatment in patients at a higher risk (Framingham risk ≥10%) of CVD.     

房地产业履行社会责任与企业价值的关系研究——基于上市公司面板数据的实证分析

在基于利益相关者理论建立衡量房地产业履行社会责任的指标体系和用托宾Q值衡量企业价值的基础上,分别对2000—2009年房地产业履行社会责任和企业价值进行评估,并利用面板数据模型对中国2000—2009年房地产业履行社会责任和企业价值的关系进行实证研究。研究表明:企业社会责任履行情况越好,越被社会公众认同,企业价值就会越高。但是社会责任的综合表现对企业价值的提升作用十分微弱,整个社会对企业社会责任的履行情况关注程度还十分有限。     

政府支出与私人消费的关系研究——基于跨国数据(1983-2008年)的面板协整分析

文章运用面板协整分析方法和世界上36个国家(20个发达国家和16个发展中国家)1983-2008年的面板数据进行跨国研究,通过建立变系数面板模型并结合可支配收入和宏观经济环境的影响,分析了政府支出和私人消费的关系。研究结果显示,总体上而言,样本国家的政府消费支出与私人消费成互补关系,可支配收入仍然是影响私人消费的主要因素,宏观经济环境(经济开放程度和失业率)对消费的影响在统计上很不显著。为了扩大消费,中国政府应实施积极的财政政策、扩大财政支出和提高社会保障水平以及切实解决民生基本难题。     

基于数据包络分析法的区域生态效率评价研究——以内蒙古为例

生态效率是衡量生态发展水平的重要指标,反映了经济发展中利用自然资源减轻环境压力的效率。将数据包络分析(DEA)方法运用到生态效率的实证研究当中,对内蒙古地区2001～2009年的生态效率进行测度和评价。结果表明CO2、工业固体废物、工业废气、工业废水等污染物的排放及能源的消耗成为影响内蒙古地区生态效率的主要因素。总之粗放型经济增长方式制约区域生态效率的改善,技术水平的提高和规模效益的达成是提高生态效率、实现节能减排的根本途径。     

社区治疗对高血压人群的效果分析

目的对高血压患者进行社区卫生治疗及宣传教育,观察患者的临床效果。方法对社区内的73例患者进行治疗,经过12～18个月的治疗后,对患者进行临床效果分析。结果经过治疗后,患者的血压值明显降低,治疗后明显优于治疗前。结论社区治疗对于患有高血压病的患者具有显著的促进作用,能够有效控制血压,达到理想的治疗效果。     

基于扩展审计博弈的动态均值估计抽样方法

针对均值估计抽样方法的缺陷,以审计风险为中心,将扩展审计博弈与审计抽样相结合,提出了一种改进的均值估计抽样方法。该方法解决了审计风险计量、审计抽样的系统性决策问题,可帮助审计师在不确定条件下进行策略分析与选择,提高了均值估计抽样的可靠性和适用性。最后,用实例演示均值估计抽样过程以证实该方法的有效性。     

Towards a kernel theory of external knowledge integration for high-tech firms: Exploring a failed theory test

Designing information systems (ISs) requires a thorough understanding of the organizational knowledge processes in which these systems are used. Although much is known about internal organizational knowledge processes, the understanding of external knowledge processes is less developed. Hence, this paper reflects an attempt to operationalize and test a model of the process of external knowledge integration (EKI), consisting of an identification, acquisition, and utilization stage. We utilize high-technology based firms from a variety of high-tech categories including nanotechnology based firms since these firms have critical knowledge integration needs. The results of an international survey, with responses of 317 high-tech companies, suggest that not these three EKI-stages, but four organizational effectiveness functions (goal attainment, pattern maintenance, adaptation, and integration) account for most variation in responses. These findings seem to imply that ISs that are to support the EKI-process should be designed according to organizational effectiveness functions rather than to EKI-stages. It is proposed that each organizational effectiveness function imposes different requirements on ISs because users interact differently with IS in each function.     

公共支出与经济增长关系的新视角——基于省际面板数据的经验研究

本文在三个前提假设的基础上,构建了一个简单的解释经济增长的理论框架,并由此建立了两个计量模型,通过对中国14个省区1991至2003年的面板数据的实证检验,得出在转型经济时期的中国,公共支出、政府消费性支出都对经济增长有显著的正向作用,而公共支出中的转移性支出与经济增长呈现非常弱的正相关关系.实证检验结果的政策意义在于,(1)作为宏观调控的手段之一,公共支出仍然对经济增长有显著正效应.(2)有关政府部门应当重视并发挥好公共支出中转移性支出的功能.