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21.
为了深入研究不同类型财政政策对宏观经济的影响效应,本文构建纳入异质性家庭和细化财税工具的新凯恩斯DSGE模型,并着重模拟分析了不同类型财政政策冲击对居民消费、私人投资、通胀率以及总产出水平的动态影响效应。研究结果表明,不同类型财税工具对宏观经济的冲击效果存在显著差异,对于税收政策,劳动收入税减税能够有助于提升消费水平和消费需求,并调节和完善消费结构;而对于政府支出政策,转移支付规模的扩张通过刺激家庭消费,引导消费内需有效提升,从而带动经济增长方式由投资驱动型向消费驱动型转变,进而推动经济高质量发展。 相似文献
22.
This paper analyzes a dynamic stochastic equilibrium model of an asset market based on behavioral and evolutionary principles. The core of the model is a non-traditional game-theoretic framework combining elements of stochastic dynamic games and evolutionary game theory. Its key characteristic feature is that it relies only on objectively observable market data and does not use hidden individual agents’ characteristics (such as their utilities and beliefs). A central goal of the study is to identify an investment strategy that allows an investor to survive in the market selection process, i.e., to keep with probability one a strictly positive, bounded away from zero share of market wealth over an infinite time horizon, irrespective of the strategies used by the other players. The main results show that under very general assumptions, such a strategy exists, is asymptotically unique and easily computable. 相似文献
23.
We construct a DSGE search model with endogenous job destruction, incorporating wage rigidities, firing costs and unemployment benefit. We investigate the most important factors in matching the model’s cyclical properties with empirical data, particularly those of job creation rates (JCR) and job destruction rates (JDR). Firing costs assist significantly in explaining the procyclicality of JCR, the negative correlation of JCR and JDR, and the persistence of vacancies. They also decrease the counter-cyclicality of job turnover. We also postulate that the Hosios condition helps explain the negative correlation of JCR and JDR and vacancies’ persistence. Varying wage rigidities and unemployment income, however, do not improve the results. 相似文献
24.
Kenichi Tamegawa; 《Bulletin of economic research》2024,76(2):529-544
This study investigates the role of money illusion (MI) in a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model. We introduce MI such that households, in their intertemporal optimization, erroneously recognize nominal variables as real ones. We find that first, our model could exhibit money nonneutrality in the long run; second, the Taylor principle is a sufficient condition for determinacy but not a necessary condition; third, the response to output in monetary policy rule matters for the model not to exhibit money nonneutrality in the long run; and finally, MI could flatten the slope that represents the output-inflation trade-off. 相似文献
25.
This paper develops and estimates a new-Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model for the analysis of fiscal policy in the UK. We find that government consumption and investment yield the highest GDP multipliers in the short-run, whereas capital income tax and public investment have dominating effect on GDP in the long-run. When nominal interest rate is at the zero lower bound, consumption taxes and public consumption and investment are found to be the most effective fiscal instruments throughout the analysed horizon, and capital and labour income taxes are established to be the least effective. The paper also shows that the effectiveness of fiscal policy decreases in a small open-economy scenario and that nominal rigidities improve effectiveness of public spending and consumption taxes, whereas decrease that of income taxes. 相似文献
26.
货币超发是中国通货膨胀的根源吗?——基于DSGE模型不确定均衡解的分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文构建了一个充分反映中国宏观经济结构和体制特征的DSGE模型,并用贝叶斯估计方法对模型进行了估计和分析。我们发现,中国宏观经济存在非确定均衡解,自我实现的通胀预期对中国通货膨胀和产出波动有显著的影响,逆向供给冲击是近年来中国通货膨胀的主要原因。通过反事实模拟方法,我们发现近年来我国央行实施的实际货币政策基本符合最优货币政策,我们还估算中国货币增长长期目标的适度水平为18%左右,过高或过低的货币增长率都会加大消费和通货膨胀的波动,并降低社会的长期福利水平。 相似文献
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The global financial crisis since 2008 revived the debate on whether or not and to what extent financial development contributes to economic growth. This paper reviews different theoretical schools of thought and empirical findings on this nexus, building on which we aim to develop a unified, microfounded model in a small open economy setting to accommodate various theoretical possibilities and empirical observations. The model is then calibrated to match some well-documented stylized facts. Numerical simulations show that, in the long run, the welfare-maximizing level of financial develop is lower than the growth-maximizing level. In the short run, the price channel (through world interest rate) dominates the quantity-channel (through financial productivity), suggesting a vital role of international cooperation in tackling systemic risk of the global financial system. 相似文献
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货币政策的信贷渠道:基于“金融加速器模型”的中国经济周期分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文在一个带有金融加速器的DSGE模型中讨论了我国宏观经济波动背后的信贷因素,并检验了金融加速器模型对我国宏观经济波动的解释能力。在此基础上,本文进而分析了货币政策通过信贷因素对我国宏观经济的影响。本文分析的结果表明,受信贷市场中不对称信息的影响,宏观经济变量都表现出较大的波动性,模型模拟出的产出、实际利率和投资等主要变量的相对标准差都与实际经济数据相似;同时,脉冲响应分析的结论显示,相对产出等其他变量,货币政策对于价格水平和通货膨胀有着更好的控制力。从这个意义上说,本文的研究也为我国货币政策的目标明确了方向。 相似文献
29.
通过构建DSGE模型,探讨包含影子银行在内的金融中介机构、资产价格和宏观经济波动之间的内在联系,以及金融中介机构自身净值变化通过资产价格和杠杆率向实体经济传播的机制.结果表明:增加金融中介净值比直接放松信贷约束对宏观经济的冲击作用更大,引入影子银行后的双中介模型对金融部门和宏观经济变量形成放大效应,对影子银行监管的严格程度也会对金融经济变量产生不同影响.因此,决策者需在限制影子银行规模、维持金融稳定和放宽对影子银行监管、促进经济增长之间进行权衡. 相似文献
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通过构建包含贸易条件的DSGE模型和SV-TVP-FAVAR模型,依次对中国贸易条件变动的宏观经济效应展开理论解析和动态计量检验。研究发现:(1)贸易条件变动对宏观经济的冲击很大程度上依赖于贸易弹性的高低,当贸易弹性较高时,贸易条件恶化尽管有助于促进就业和经济增长,但对消费和投资将产生显著的\"挤出效应\";(2)货币政策目标对贸易条件变动的动态传导机制具有重要影响,以价格稳定为目标的货币政策能够有效缓解贸易条件恶化对消费和投资的\"挤出效应\";(3)中国贸易条件恶化对宏观经济主要变量的影响在短期内和中长期内存在明显不同,并且在不同时期也表现出显著的阶段性差异,相比于两次金融危机时期,经济新常态下贸易条件恶化的产出效应和价格效应相对较小,并且对消费和投资产生的\"挤出效应\"也有所下降。 相似文献