国有企业过度负债现状分析

国有企业债务负担沉重，资产负债率过高，正常生产经营难以为继，不仅直接危及国有企业本身的生存和发展，对国有经济的持续稳定也会产生不利影响，通过对国有企业进行债务重组，建立现代企业的治理结构，对国有经济进行战略性调整，根本解决国有企业的过度负债。     

The role of foreign currency debt in financial crises: 1880–1913 versus 1972–1997

We show that exposure to foreign currency debt does not necessarily increase the risk of having a financial crisis. Some countries do not suffer from financial fragility despite original sin. Before 1913 British offshoots and Scandinavia afflicted with it avoided financial meltdowns. Today many advanced countries have original sin, but few have had crises. In both periods, aggregate balance sheet mismatches are associated with a greater likelihood of a crisis. The evidence suggests that foreign currency debt is dangerous when mis-managed. This is part of the difference between developed countries and emerging markets both of which borrow in foreign currency.     

The Distributional Properties of the Debt to Equity Ratio: Some Implications for Empirical Research

The purpose here is to assess empirically the quasi-supply side model of the firm developed in the paper by Ashton et al. (2004 ) by testing the prediction of the model that the evolution of a firm's debt to equity ratio will be compatible with a non-linear (target adjustment) process whose underlying probability density function possesses no convergent moments. Using a thirty-two-year history of the debt to equity ratio for each of ninety 'mature' United Kingdom firms, a non-parametric estimation procedure shows that the debt to equity ratio evolves in terms of a process which is largely consistent with the predictions of this model. In particular, the evolution of the debt to equity ratio is compatible with a 'long (fat) tailed' density function with no convergent moments. This has the important implication, supported by our empirical analysis, that the linear dynamic models which characterize empirical work in this area will be mis-specified and will return inconsistent and temporally unstable estimates of the target adjustment process as a consequence.     

政治关联、金融发展与债务治理——以我国国有控股上市公司为例

债务融资要发挥治理功能,需要硬的约束环境。然而,政治关联的存在会破坏这种硬约束环境。但金融发展水平可以降低政治关联的这种不利影响,从而促进债务治理作用的发挥。基于这一推理,以我国沪深两市A股上市公司2006～2010的全面板数据为样本,研究了政治关联、金融发展对债务治理功能的影响程度及方向。研究结果表明:政治关联会削弱长期债务的治理功能,其对短期债务的治理功能没有产生负面影响;金融发展水平的提高一方面可以进一步提升债务的治理功能,另一方面可以减弱政治关联带来的不利影响。     

Monetary Policy Coordination and the Level of National Debt

This paper uses the Canzoneri-Henderson benchmark framework of monetary policy coordination in interdependent economies to analyze how high levels of national debt affect monetary policy interactions. Using a two-country model, I first study how central banks interact in a flexible exchange-rate regime. I find that a low-debt country is better off interacting with a country with high debt, when both economies are affected by an aggregate inflationary shock. I also consider a political dependence scenario, in which central banks are subject to political pressure. In the case of a debt-burdened country, the political incentive to reduce interest payments on debt will spur a Gordon–Barro like inflation bias. However, under a flexible exchange-rate regime, the low-debt country will not be affected. Under a monetary union instead, political pressure may affect the low-debt country as well, and possibly create an inflation bias even greaterthan in the flexible exchange-rate regime. This scenario presents another example of how Rogoff's counterproductive monetary cooperation may arise under European Monetary Union.     

关于地方政府融资平台的观察与思考——基于大额资金监测分析视角

相关监督管理部门如何能够迅速洞察地方政府债务的实际情况并考察其风险,如何能在政策制定过程中合理平衡与地方融资平台密切相关的地方政府、银行、金融中介与项目公司等各方的利益,是本文的研究内容。我们认为,通过收集与分析地方政府融资平台的大额资金交易数据,能够以最小成本在最短时间内获得真实的一手数据,完整再现平台公司的资金流全景,有助于我们分析判断平台公司真实的财务与债务状况,能够在一定程度上防范和化解地方政府债务的各种风险。     

非金融企业债务融资工具非公开定向发行研究

为促进银行间债券市场需求的差异化、多样化,活跃市场交易、推动市场发展,中国银行间市场交易商协会于2011年4月29日发布《银行间债券市场非金融企业债务融资工具非公开定向发行规则》。这是我国银行间债券市场发行方式上的一大创新。本文在对银行间债券市场发展历程进行回顾的基础上,对非公开定向发行的主要特点与运行制度安排进行了详细分析。比较了非公开定向发行与公开发行的六点差异。在此基础上,本文列举了推出非公开定向发行方式的四点重要意义。最后,本文对发展中应予重视的五类风险进行了系统剖析。     

担保物权制度改革降低了企业债务融资成本吗?——来自中国《物权法》自然实验的经验证据

本文运用双重差分法考察以《物权法》出台为标志的担保物权制度改革是否降低了企业的债务成本。实证结果显示,《物权法》出台后,与固定资产占比较高的企业相比,固定资产占比较低企业的债务成本显著降低。进一步,与《物权法》出台通过扩大可抵押资产范围、加强债权人保护等渠道降低企业债务成本的经济直觉一致,三重差分检验结果表明,担保物权制度改革对企业债务成本的降低作用表现出丰富差异性:其一,与法律制度环境较好地区相比,《物权法》对企业债务成本的降低作用在法律制度环境较差地区相对更大;其二,与金融市场化程度较高地区相比,《物权法》对企业债务成本的降低作用在金融市场化程度较低地区相对更大;其三,与融资约束较弱企业相比,对于融资约束较强的企业而言,《物权法》对债务成本的降低作用相对更强。这些基于中国经济实践的经验证据识别并揭示出了担保物权制度改革促使企业债务成本下降的作用机理,从而对有效缓解企业融资难、融资贵等问题具有借鉴意义。     

加大利用政府外债工作力度 促进新疆经济社会发展

近几年,新疆政府外债管理工作取得了一定成效,对新疆的经济社会发展起到了积极的促进作用,特别是对能源工业、交通、通信、农业、城市基础设施等领域的发展作用巨大。但同时也存在利用外债缺少规划、项目执行力度不够、还贷意识不强等突出问题。本文在此基础上提出了"十二五"期间新疆加大政府外债管理工作的总体思路,即以推动科学发展为主题,以加快转变发展方式为主线,适应新疆大开发、大发展、大建设的需要,稳步扩大利用国际金融组织贷赠款和外国政府贷款规模,逐步拓宽工作领域,有序开展非主权业务合作,加大知识合作力度,深化区域合作,加强在建项目管理,重视自身能力建设,充分发挥政府外债的宏观调控功能。     

Prospect of Global Sovereign Debt Crisis and Its Impact on China

欧美财政的可持续性备受质疑,全球主权债务危机的前景不容乐观,全球经济将进入低速增长期。与次贷危机的比较分析发现,欧债危机短期内对中国经济的负面影响不应被夸大。但从中长期来看,中国央行资产负债表资产方与负债方之间的结构性矛盾将越来越明显,对中国未来的金融稳定造成潜在的威胁,亟待采取必要的政策措施予以防范。