Benefit Incidence of Public Recreation Areas—Have the Winners Taken Almost All?

This study presents a framework for investigating the benefit incidence of provision of public recreation opportunities. The proportion of individuals who use outdoor recreation services increases with income, and frequency of use differs by the users’ gender and life situation (e.g., depending on whether they are students or older citizens). The decomposition of distributive incidence shows that a bias in favor of high-income groups may be accentuated when the perceived value of these services is taken into account in monetary terms. We compare alternative strategies in terms of equity for improving recreation opportunities, e.g., reduced distance to or increased acreage of recreation sites. Our results indicate that although these strategies improve the welfare distribution among the income groups, a considerable proportion of benefits nevertheless accrue to high-income groups.      

我国增值税地方分享部分的区域间分配办法及其改进

1994年分税制财政管理体制改革以来，我国增值税地方分享比例出现了不断下降的趋势。与其他开征增值税、并实行增值税中央与地方分享的OECD国家相比，目前我国地方政府的增值税分享比例并不高。但是，增值税地方分享部分按来源地在各地区间分配的操作办法仍然难以平押地方政府的投资冲动，不利于促进区域间基本公共服务的均等化，也不利于改进政府的执政理念。在仍将增值税地方政府分享部分明确为地方收入的基础上，应改革按来源地在各地区间分配的办法，建立一种综合考虑各相关因素的更为合理的分配策略。     

加快物流中心建设 提高物流综合效益

本文介绍了中国物流业的现状 ,分析了物流中心的建设对社会发展、激活内需和提高企业竞争力所带来的作用 ,并针对我国物流中心建设过程中存在的实际问题提出几点对策和建议     

三峡成库后孤岛时空分布规律及资源特色研究

本文在全面考察三峡成库后孤岛各项实物指标的基础上,针对三峡库区特殊的地理条件和资源环境,分析了三峡成库后孤岛的时空分布规律和资源特色。以期充分利用三峡库区的岛屿资源,进一步推动三峡地区旅游业的发展。     

农资连锁经营应急机制下车辆调度研究

连锁经营,作为农资流通领域的新模式,逐步取代了原本散乱的农资零售格局。物流配送活动作为连锁经营理念的核心,是农资连锁经营能够成功运作的关键。但由于农业生产对农资产品的特殊要求,当消费者对农资产品有紧急需求,但就近的连锁店铺不能供货时,会给农业生产带来不利影响。本文引入应急概念,构建了应急车辆调度模型,来实现配送中心对企业配送系统内部各节点的库存的协调,使该连锁店能够快速响应消费者需求。     

Resolving Unfair Distribution of Income through Transforming the Mode of Economic Development

传统经济发展方式对收入分配领域中的许多不合理因素产生了强支撑，是我国收入分配差距日益扩大的深层原因。本文通过对“三个转变”的梳理，分析了传统经济发展方式的内在缺陷及其在居民劳动报酬、行业垄断、社会福利体系建设和通货膨胀等方面的负面影响。最后，就如何从转变经济发展方式入手缓解收入分配不公提出了针对性的意见和建议。     

基于引入理想决策单元DEA的公租房配租方法研究

摇号是目前重庆公租房分配的唯一形式,由于不能区分谁更迫切地需要公租房的问题,不能更好地解决分配公平的问题,本文在建立申请人状况的评价指标系统基础上,采用引入理想决策单元的数据包络分析模型,考虑申请人的困难状况对申请人进行评价和排序,以比摇号更公平的方式分配公租房,这在目前公租房数量较少的情况下有更现实的公平意义.     

统计理论在木片抽样方案中的应用

介绍了木片取样的系统抽样方案,经验抽样方案和概率抽样方案,通过分析系统取样方案中含水率、规格片、朽木和树皮等检验项目的历史统计,提出含水率,规格片和树皮都服从近似正态分布的规律,并在此基础上预设了含水率的允差。     

Criteria used by venture capitalists to evaluate new venture proposals

A questionnaire was administered to one hundred venture capitalists to determine the most important criteria that they use to decide on funding new ventures. Perhaps the most important finding from the study is direct confirmation of the frequently iterated position taken by the venture capital community that above all it is the quality of the entrepreneur that ultimately determines the funding decision. Five of the top ten most important criteria had to do with the entrepreneur's experience or personality. There is no question that irrespective of the horse (product), horse race (market), or odds (financial criteria), it is the jockey (entrepreneur) who fundamentally determines whether the venture capitalist will place a bet at all.The question is if this is the case, then why is so much emphasis placed on the business plan? In a business plan there is generally little to indicate the characteristics of the entrepreneur—it is generally devoted to a detailed discussion of the product/service, the market, and the competition. To us, the implications are obvious—such content is necessary, but not sufficient. The business plan should also show as clearly as possible that the “jockey is fit to ride” —namely, indicate by whatever feasible and credible means possible that the entrepreneur has staying power, has a track record, can react to risk well, and has familiarity with the target market. Failing this, he or she needs to be able to pull together a team that has such characteristics and show that he or she is capable of leading that team.Factor analysis of the results indicate that venture capitalists appear to assess ventures systematically in terms of six categories of risk to be managed. These are: risk of losing the entire investment: risk of being unable to bail out if necessary; risk of failure to implement the venture idea; competitive risk; risk of management failure; and risk of leadership failure.Finally, three clusters of venture capitalists were identified: those who carefully assess the competitive and implementation risks: those who seek easy bail out; and those who deliberately keep as many options open as possible.     

Diffusion of technical change in medicine— a case study of oncology in a traditional society

This article reviews a new program established to provide modern modes of oncologic therapy to Arab cancer patients in the West Bank. The population of this region is distinguished by its fatalistic and traditional attitudes, and communication via word of mouth is prevalent. Therefore, the social system can be considered as one of traditional norms discouraging the adoption of new ideas. Demonstration effects and face-to-face communication proved effective in bringing about social change in health patterns.