国内外原油市场收益率及其波动性的双长记忆性测度

本文基于我国原油现货价格和欧洲Brent原油现货价格的数据,运用多种计量模型对原油市场收益率及其波动性的长记忆性进行测度。研究发现,我国原油市场收益率序列不存在长相依性特征,波动率序列则存在长记忆性效应;国外原油市场收益率及波动率序列均存在显著且较强的长记忆性。同时,检验结果表明,采用Student-t分布来刻画"尖峰厚尾"分布性质并利用TGARCH模型来描述"杠杆效应"是非常必要的。     

开放经济条件下的中国经济周期波动特征

我国经济增长的稳定性和持续性较好,与发达工业化国家经济动态的联系相对较为紧密,体现在这些国家的实体经济和金融波动对我国经济具有明显的外溢效应,其中金融波动的冲击较为显著。我国经济动态主要取决于自身内部因素,呈现出较明显的独立性和特异性,世界经济波动对我国经济动态尤其是对消费增长动态的影响较小,而发达工业化国家经济波动对我国投资增长动态的影响相对较大。     

利率效果区域异质性、收入跨区 影响与房价溢出效应*

本文首先构建了理论分析框架,解释了中国不同城市间房价溢出效应、收入对房价的跨区影响,以及利率调整对不同城市房价的区域异质性影响。本文利用GVAR模型对该框架进行了实证,结果显示北京等一线城市的房价波动对其他城市具有较大的溢出性,而中西部城市的房价溢出性则不明显。一线城市和东部城市的房价波动不仅受本城市人均收入变动的影响,还在很大程度上受其他城市收入变动的影响,而中西部城市的房价则主要受本城市收入变动的影响。利率变动对一线城市和东部城市的房价影响则较大,而对中西部城市的房价影响有限。本文结论具有明确的政策含义,比如政府应通过稳定一线城市房价以达到稳定全国房价的目的,促进公共产品均等化,实行地区差异化的房地产政策等。通过利率调整来调控房价也是一个可行的政策选项。     

Adapting a global cost-effectiveness model to local country requirements: posaconazole case study

Abstract

Background:

Many countries have various requirements for local economic analyses to assess the value of a new health technology and/or to secure reimbursement. This study presents a case study of an economic model developed to assess the cost-effectiveness of posaconazole vs standard azole therapy (fluconazole/itraconazole) to prevent invasive fungal infections (IFIs), which was adapted by at least 11 countries.

Methods:

Modeling techniques were used to assess the cost-effectiveness of posaconazole vs fluconazole/itraconazole as IFI prophylaxis in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia or myelodysplastic syndromes and chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. For the core model, the probabilities of experiencing an IFI, IFI-related death, and death from other causes were estimated from clinical trial data. Long-term mortality, drug costs, and IFI treatment costs were obtained from secondary sources. Locally changed parameters were probabilities of long-term death and survival, currency, drug costs, health utility, IFI treatment costs, and discount rate.

Results:

Locally adapted cost-effective modeling studies indicate that prophylaxis with posaconazole, compared with fluconazole/itraconazole, prolongs survival, and, in most countries, is cost-saving. In all countries, the model predicted that prophylaxis with posaconazole would be associated with an increase in life-years, with increases ranging from 0.016–0.1 life-year saved. In all countries, use of the model led to posaconazole being approved by the appropriate reimbursement authority.

Limitations:

The study did not have power to detect differences between posaconazole and fluconazole or itraconazole separately. The risk of death after 100 days was assumed to be equal for those who did and did not develop an IFI, and equal probabilities of IFI-related and other death during the trial period were used for both groups.

Conclusions:

A core economic model was successfully adapted locally by several countries. The model showed that posaconazole was cost-saving or cost-effective vs fluconazole/itraconazole and led to positive reimbursement listings.     

基于银行视角的中小企业贷款博弈模型

随着中国信贷市场的放开、外资银行的涌入和银监会等管理部门的推动,中小企业贷款难的问题已经在较大程度上得到了有效的解决。而如何高效、高质开展中小企业贷款业务成为各商业银行尤其是中小型商业银行今后所面临的首要问题。在信息不对称理论和均衡信贷配给理论的基础上,分析了国内中小企业信贷市场当前存在的问题。同时,基于商业银行的视角,构建了贝《斯均衡的二阶段动态博弈模型,依据高竞争力、高收益、低风险的原则,推导出商业银行中小企业贷款的定价策略。进而得出商业银行在巩固其中小企业贷款市场地位和维护高信用质量客户的同时能够实现自身贷款收益最大化的方案。最后通过A银行2011年中小企业贷款的实际业务数据,利用所构建模型进行具体的数据算例分析,测算出A银行的最优利率定价策略。研究结论为商业银行合理制定中小企业贷款利率和规避风险及保证收益提供了新的实用工具。     

煤炭企业开放式商业模式研究

进入信息时代以来,经济发展越来越快,“商业模式”一词已经成为社会热议的词汇,不论是理论界还是企业界都在对它进行研究。基于开放式创新角度提出一种新的商业模式的定义,结合我国煤炭企业发展进程中商业模式选择问题,提出煤炭企业选择开放式商业模式的优势,以期给煤炭企业提供一些参考性建议。     

对改革供电企业变电检修现行管理模式的探讨

提出了重组专业化的变电检修总公司的战略思路,对电网企业与总公司之间发展新型关系进行了探讨,指出以战略思维构筑战略联盟,保持合作联盟,实现共赢与发展.分析虽是对检修体制改革,同时也是对安全生产管理体制的变革,有利于供电企业的安全生产管理.     

基于成熟度模型的化工物流业(CL-CMM)研究

借鉴软件能力成熟度模型（CMM）,构建了化工物流业成熟度模型（CL-CMM）。将物流企业成熟度分为初始期、成长期、成熟期、成熟巩固期、成熟创新期;从分析各个等级的关键过程,为化工物流业发展提供决策依据。并用成熟度曲线表示了化工物流业发展所经历的过程。     

Financial Sector Risk and the Stock Returns: Evidence from Tokyo Stock Exchange Firms

We investigate whether the activity of financial firms creates value and/or risk to the economy within the asset pricing framework. We use stock return data from nonfinancial firms listed in the first section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange. The value-weighted index that is solely composed of nonfinancial firms is augmented with the index of the firms from the financial sector, and we estimate multivariate asset pricing model with these two indices. We note that our procedure can simultaneously take into account the cross-holding phenomena among Japanese firms, especially between the financial sector and the nonfinancial sector. Our augmented index model performs well both with cross-sectional Fama and MacBeth regression test and GMM test. Our two index model with additional Fama and French's HML factor can capture cross-sectional variations of the returns of sample portfolios better than the original Fama and French model can, when measured by Hansen and Jagannathan distance measure. We find that this additional new sector variable can be a substitute for Fama and French's size factor, but not related to the bond index return. This variable has similar factor characteristic as money supply growth or the term structure, but the latter variables contain more information than the former. Morever, our financial sector model helps explain the return and risk structure of Japanese firms during the so-called bubble period.     

Designs for estimating an extremal point of quadratic regression models in a hyperball

This paper is devoted to studying optimal designs for estimating an extremal point of a multivariate quadratic regression model in the unit hyperball. The problem of estimating an extremal point is reduced to that of estimating certain parameters of a corresponding nonlinear (in parameters) regression model. For this reduced problem truncated locally D-optimal designs are found in an explicit form. The result is a generalization of the results of Fedorov and Müller (1997) for onedimensional quadratic regression function in the unit segment. Received February 2002