Community participation mode of ecotourism in Tibetan area of Shangri-La County, Yunnan Province

1. The basis of community participation of ecotourism in Shangri-La Tibetan area In 1980, the Canadian scholar Clande Molin put forward community participating ecology and cul- ture tourism in his academic thesis [1]. Based on this, Mexico scholar H. Ceballos Lascurain first used the term “ecotourism” in his book in 1983, and was con- firmed by International Environment Conference in Mexico 1986[2]. In 1993, the Ecotourism Society re- defined ecotourism and pointed out its two impor- t…     

浅议生态旅游的绿色消费

生态旅游属于绿色消费,鼓励生态旅游的绿色消费有着十分重要的意义.一方面可以增强旅游者的绿色消费意识和环境责任感,使旅游者自觉地保护环境;另一方面将传统的旅游方式向生态旅游的方向不断转化,还可以促进旅游业的可持续发展.这就要求我们对生态旅游的绿色消费进行研究与分析,并提出其发展导向,以获得更大的经济、社会和生态效益.     

Ecotourism resilience to climate change in Dana Biosphere Reserve,Jordan

Increasingly tourism destinations worldwide have to face the threats associated with climate change. Because of these threats, there is a growing need to develop and reinforce the adaptive capacity of tourism systems to cope with current and future challenges. In tourism studies, resilience assessments are a relatively new approach used to ascertain stakeholders’ opinions regarding the human and natural conditions that are likely to increase the capacity of the tourism system to successfully cope with disturbances. This study examined local communities in and around Dana Biosphere Reserve (Jordan), specifically perspectives regarding the social, environmental, governance and economic dimensions of resilience that theoretically support the capacity of the ecotourism system to withstand or adapt to climate change. The results indicated perceived moderate resilience to climate-change-related threats in the environment dimensions of the study, and scope for further development of resilience in the social, economic and governance dimensions. Ultimately, further adaptation planning and policies appear necessary, to ensure robust and proactive measures are in place to respond to climate change threats and to protect the ecotourism socio-ecological system in Dana Biosphere Reserve.     

大王岭保护区生态旅游SWOT分析及开发对策探讨

运用SWOT分析法,分析了大王岭自然保护区开展生态旅游的优势、劣势、机遇与挑战,提出保护区生态旅游的对策,为大王岭生态旅游的合理开发提供参考。     

徐霞客考察旅游中的生态旅游特性探讨

徐霞客是中国古代优秀的旅行家、地理学家和文学家,《徐霞客游记》的记录详实可靠、准确具体,有很高的科学价值。生态旅游以自然为基础、教育性或学习性成分、可持续性三条判断标准。从地点的原始性和自然性、目的的求知性、行为的生态保护意识三个角度对徐霞客的考察旅游进行了探讨,发现徐霞客的考察旅游已带有原始的生态旅游特征。     

Sustainability performance assessment focusing on coral reef protection by the tourism industry in the Coral Triangle region

Coral reef based tourism in the Coral Triangle region is responsible for economic benefits but also for negative social and environmental impacts, thus an approach to evaluate this industry's sustainability performance would be valuable. We selected 10 key indicators, out of 681, that were directly relevant to the impacts of tourist activities on coral reefs in economic, social, environmental, and wildlife aspects of sustainability. Efficiency, inefficiency and overall models were developed to measure relative sustainability performance focusing on coral reef protection by the tourism industry for all six countries in the Coral Triangle, from 2008 to 2012. Our results showed that Indonesia had the best relative performance among countries in the region, followed in descending order by; Papua New Guinea, Malaysia, Philippines, Timor-Leste, and Solomon Islands. Future plans to achieve higher performance by the tourism industry in each country can be made if a comprehensive sensitivity analysis is carried out.     

Enhancing satisfaction and sustainable management: Whale watching in the Azores

This study explores satisfaction with whale watching tours in relationship to expectations and demographic variables and identifies tour aspects that contribute to satisfaction. Based on a survey of 466 participants it applies both importance-performance (IP) analysis and a performance-only perspective to strengthen the reliability of the results and enable a critical analysis of both approaches. Environmental friendly conditions were the most important expectation. Seeing one whale, seeing lots of whales, the cost of the trip and the boat type were the most influential factors contributing to satisfaction. Cost has not been previously identified as a factor influencing the satisfaction of whale watching customers. Satisfaction was related to participants' place of residence, with Northern Americans and Northern Europeans being more satisfied than participants from Southern and Western Europe. Some results of the IP analysis have little impact on satisfaction, suggesting that the performance-only approach provides a more valid insight into satisfaction.     

Environmentally responsible behavior in ecotourism: Antecedents and implications

This study explores the environmentally responsible behavior of tourists engaged in ecotourism. It proposes a behavioral model in which perceived value, satisfaction and activity involvement with respect to the eco-travel experience shape the tourist's environmentally responsible behavior. Unlike other studies that view environmentally responsible behavior as a generic trait, this study explores whether the level of environmentally responsible behavior can actually change as a result of the eco-travel experience. A total of 328 valid questionnaires were obtained and analyzed using partial least squares. The results show that perceived value, satisfaction and activity involvement can promote environmentally responsible behavior of tourists. While perceived value directly affects environmentally responsible behavior, satisfaction and involvement play the roles of partial mediators in the behavioral model. Thus, enhancing tourist's value perception about the eco-travel activity is the first in a sequence of steps that would strengthen environmentally responsible behavior via increasing the ecotourist's activity involvement and satisfaction levels. Finally, the implications for the key stakeholders in the ecotourism industry are discussed.     

An evaluation of recreational benefits and tribal tourism development for aboriginal villages after post-disaster reconstruction - a case study of Taiwan

This study investigates two sites suffering severe damage from typhoon Morakot. It utilizes the travel cost method to measure the average recreational benefits of compensation variation and equivalent variation per person, and it evaluates whether there are causal relationships among tourists’ recreational experiences, perceived values, and revisit intentions. The outcomes demonstrate that most tourists assign high recreational values to natural and socio-cultural resources. However, a further analysis of the tangible benefits indicates that the amount of income received remains low. Tourists have difficulties nurturing an immediate revisit intention here, even when they are satisfied with their experiences.     

关于生态旅游等级评价研究的反思

生态旅游认证的关键是建立生态旅游等级评价体系。生态旅游等级主要是利用有关标准来区分生态旅游目的地的生态旅游质量和发展程度。目前，有关生态旅游等级评价方面的研究与实践在我国还比较少，没有形成完整科学的研究思路。对国内外生态旅游等级评价研究作一个回顾、分析并总结问题，有利于更加科学地研究生态旅游，指导生态旅游经营与管理。