能源化工企业科技项目后评估研究

科技项目后评估对于能源化工企业科技创新能力及科技管理水平的提升具有十分重要的作用,目前尚缺乏在理论上建立后评估指标及设计后评估方法。在实地调查国内大型能源化工科技管理部门的基础上,设计并发放了调查问卷,借助spss14.0和amos4.0统计分析软件对所收集的数据进行处理,经过筛选与检验构建了能源化工企业后评估指标体系。选用模糊综合评判作为能源化工企业科技项目后评估的方法,并设计了具体的评价步骤,研究结果对企业科技项目管理实践具有一定的理论指导意义。     

Do Energy Prices Affect U.S. Investor Sentiment?

The current literature has examined the effect of investor sentiment on energy prices, but no study ever has explored the validity of the reverse question. Therefore, this article explore whether energy prices (i.e., crude oil and natural gas prices) affect U.S. investor sentiment, using the methodology of quantile regression. The empirical results document that controlling for a number of U.S. macroeconomic and financial factors, there exists a statistically significant association between oil and natural gas prices and investor sentiment. However, only natural gas prices appear to retain their statistical significance over the majority of quantiles. These findings received robust support under alternative measures of the investor sentiment index.     

从物质思维到信息思维：互联网时代产品创新模式

传统的产品创新立足于物质思维,创新活动围绕物质实体直接变换或改进展开,而信息、能量对物质的能动作用被“屏蔽”,三者遵循“物质→能量→信息”演进路径,产品虚拟价值被忽略,创新过程显现出封闭性、边界性、控制性等特征。信息思维下的物质、能量、信息处于“等量齐观”的位置,产品创新遵循“信息能量物质”双向路径,三者共同参与实体价值与虚拟价值协同互动过程,产品创新显现出开放性、联系性、自然涌现性等特征。作为互联网时代的成功典范,小米公司产品创新模式契合信息思维应用趋势,其现象级成功为企业运用信息思维开展产品创新提供了思路借鉴。     

能源要素价格改革对宏观经济影响的CGE分析

当前国内要素价格改革呼声很高,其中能源价格改革更为迫切。本文利用MCHUGE模型,研究提高能源价格对中国经济发展的影响。研究表明,提高能源价格在短期和长期均能显著降低中国能源强度,其原因在于能源价格的提高优化了中国经济产业结构,第二产业尤其是重工业在国内生产总值中所占比重下降,减少了总体的能源消费。但是能源价格提高对宏观经济带来了较大的负面影响,其导致的出口下降和投资需求下降分别是短期和长期国内生产总值下降的主要原因。     

哈萨克斯坦核能的多元国际合作

哈萨克斯坦的“核能”日益成为哈萨克斯坦发展本国能源开采业的重要部门,也是哈萨克斯坦外汇收入的主要来源之一。核能多元外交成为哈萨克斯坦发展经济与建设“国际核燃料库”的能源出口大国的政治手段。     

意大利应对能源危机和气候变化的主要措施

意大利是一个能源高度依赖进口的国家,在可再生能源的利用和使用技术方面处于世界领先地位。其节能减排计划是在欧洲气候能源包计划总体框架的基础上进行的,有出台鼓励改善建筑能源效率政策、实施建筑光伏计划、热太阳能利用等;在应对气候变化方面,适时修改税收政策,加强废弃物的立法管理,推行新型城市交通变化,发展碳捕获和存储技术等。我国应看到欧美联手利用气候变化问题抬高第三世界国家发展经济的门槛。     

出口配电变压器的能效技术贸易壁垒分析

本文介绍了国内外主要国家的配电变压器能效标准,比较分析了国内外能效标准的差异及能效水平的高低。为国内出口配电变压器生产厂家克服国外技术贸易壁垒提供技术帮助,对促进国内节能变压器的升级改造和出口贸易的顺利发展具有指导意义。     

Comparing perceptions of the important environmental characteristics of the places people engage in consumptive,non-consumptive and spiritual activities

Managers, risk assessors, tribal leaders, public policy makers, and the public are increasingly interested in the characteristics of natural habitats where people like to engage in recreational, subsistence, or spiritual activities. Such data are critical for making decisions about human and ecological risk deriving from contaminants, as well as resource protection and land use. In this study we examined the perceptions of Native Americans and Caucasians about the natural places they prefer to engage in consumptive, non-consumptive, and spiritual activities which might expose them to contamination or other stressors. Subjects were interviewed at Post Falls and Fort Hall in Idaho, Cookeville in Tennessee, and at two sites in Long Island, New York, and northern New Jersey. Our objectives were to determine differences in perceptions as a function of category of activity, type of activity, location, and ethnicity. The data indicate that: (1) the highest rated characteristics were unpolluted water, lack of radionuclides that present a health risk, clean air, and no visible smog in the air; (2) all four were among the top-rated ones for each of the four sites; (3) all four were among the top-rated ones for places to perform consumptive, non-consumptive, and spiritual activities; (4) at each site, mean ratings were lowest for spiritual activities; (5) where there were differences, Native Americans rated all characteristics as more important than did Caucasians; and (6) where there were differences, ratings in New Jersey/New York were lower than those from respondents elsewhere. There are many statistically significant response differences between Native Americans and Caucasians, but overall one is impressed by the similarity in relative rankings. These perceptions will be helpful to risk assessors and risk managers in evaluating risk and potential solutions, to land managers for managing environmental resources, and to public policy managers for evaluating how people view natural environments.     

节能环保产业科技支撑体系研究--论山西省生态文明建设的保障措施

十八大报告和新党章将生态文明建设与经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设并列,还放在了突出地位、摆在中国特色社会主义事业总体布局的高度上,事关我党执政的可持续性.山西省做为一个能源与重化工省份,因经济偏重,造成了一些环境污染、生态欠账的问题,“十二五”期间,“高能耗、高排放”给经济增长带来的污染压力还将持续增加;为了保障山西省生态文明建设落到实处、解决过去经济发展中所造成了一些环境污染、生态欠账的问题,实现绿色发展、可持续发展,必须实施创新驱动发展战略.因此,山西省要建立生态文明建设中节能环保科技的支撑体系,全面提升山西省节能环保产业的发展水平和速度,建成美丽山西.     

A functional approach for studying technological progress: Extension to energy technology

This paper extends a broad functional category approach for the study of technological capability progress recently developed and applied to information technology to a second key case—that of energy based technologies. The approach is applied to the same three functional operations—storage, transportation and transformation—that were used for information technology by first building a 100 plus year database for each of the three energy-based functional categories. In agreement with the results for information technology in the first paper, the energy technology results indicate that the functional approach offers a stable methodology for assessing longer time technological progress trends. Moreover, similar to what was found with information technology in the first study, the functional capability for energy technology shows continual—if not continuous—improvement that is best quantitatively described as exponential with respect to time. The absence of capability discontinuities—even with large technology displacement—and the lack of clear saturation effects are found with energy as it was with information. However, some key differences between energy and information technology are seen and these include:

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Lower rates of progress for energy technology over the entire period: 19-37% annually for Information Technology and 3-13% for Energy Technology.

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Substantial variability of progress rates is found within given functional categories for energy compared to relatively small variation within any one category for information technology. The strongest variation is found among capability progress among different energy types.

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More challenging data recovery and metric definition for energy as compared to information technology.

These findings are interpreted in terms of fundamental differences between energy and information including the losses and efficiency constraints on energy. We apply Whitney's insight that these fundamental differences lead to naturally modular information technology artifacts. The higher progress rates of information-based as opposed to energy-based technologies follows since decomposable systems can progress more rapidly due to the greater ease of independent as opposed to simultaneous development. In addition, the broad implications of our findings to studies of the relationships between technical and social change are briefly discussed.