企业家社会网络对企业绩效的影响机制

本文在国内外文献就企业家的社会网络关系研究进行回顾与综述的基础上,总结了社会网络的类型及其正反两方面的影响,指出了当前许多研究片面强调企业家外部网络的作用,而忽视了内部网络。国内外研究表明,企业家社会网络对企业绩效有着正向的影响,其影响机制存在多种变量。本文根据这些研究结果,在理论上提出了企业家内、外社会网络对企业绩效影响机制的模型,并指出了其实践意义以及未来研究方向。     

基于“三螺旋”理论的“创业型”大学建设

＂三螺旋＂模型是目前国际上研究大学—产业—政府关系的理论基础之一。在此理论基础指导下,世界各国纷纷改变高校的传统职能,开始建设＂创业型大学＂。＂创业型大学＂是一种集成的、全新的大学理念和战略。它在＂研究型＂大学的基础上重新定义和扩展了原有的教学职能、研究职能和服务职能,更加强调自身的自主创新能力、与国家和地区经济发展相结合的能力。依据＂三螺旋＂理论和国际上建设＂创业型＂大学的经验,我国高校建设＂创业型＂大学首先必须从观念和组织上进行改革。根据科研水平和创业层次都相对比较低且发展不平衡的现状,我国高校在建立＂创业型＂大学的过程中必须要更重视提高学术创新能力,构造大学创业的坚实基础。并且处于不同发展程度的高校——部分＂研究型＂大学和一般高校——都要合理找准自身定位,采取适合自己发展层次的创业措施。     

女性社会网络关系与创业融资劣势

随着“大众创业、万众创新”相关政策深入实施,利用互联网众筹等新融资平台为创业团队募集资金,已成为创业融资的重要手段。然而,在网络众筹平台上,女性领导者主持的创业项目在数量、融资额度或成功机会上均远低于男性领导的创业项目。女性是否存在互联网创业融资瓶颈,何种原因导致上述劣势存在,成为理论界亟需解决的重要问题。为此,从社会嵌入理论出发,基于互联网众筹平台1 517个创业项目,利用PSM及OLS方法研究发现,女性在社会网络相关条件强度和社会网络对创业融资影响两方面都存在创业劣势,进而确定了女性创业者融资劣势的来源,并提出了相关建议。     

论西部大开发中的企业家制度建设

企业家是西部大开发的实践主体。企业家制度建设是西部大开发中促进企业家主体作用发挥的政策核心。本文逻辑性地分析了企业家资本制度、产权制度、企业制度和主导制度等重要内容,寻求为西部大开发中企业家主体作用的发挥提供制度基础。     

组织学习对创业者社会资本与绩效的中介机制:以环境复杂性为调节变量

在经济转型背景下,企业面临的环境更复杂,基于此探讨创业者社会资本与绩效的作用机制具有一定的理论意义和实践指导价值。对安徽和江苏两地企业进行问卷调查并开展实证分析,结果表明,组织学习在创业者社会资本与企业绩效之间起完全中介作用,环境复杂性调节了这一关系,研究结果支持理论假设。据此,从政府和企业层面提出政策建议。研究结论进一步深化了组织学习的中介机制和企业能动应对环境的研究。     

What is the value of entrepreneurship? A review of recent research

This article examines to what extent recent empirical evidence can collectively and systematically substantiate the claim that entrepreneurship has important economic value. Hence, a systematic review is provided that answers the question: What is the contribution of entrepreneurs to the economy in comparison to non-entrepreneurs? We study the relative contribution of entrepreneurs to the economy based on four measures that have most widely been studied empirically. Hence, we answer the question: What is the contribution of entrepreneurs to (i) employment generation and dynamics, (ii) innovation, and (iii) productivity and growth, relative to the contributions of the entrepreneurs’ counterparts, i.e., the ‘control group’? A fourth type of contribution studied is the role of entrepreneurship in increasing individuals’ utility levels. Based on 57 recent studies of high quality that contain 87 relevant separate analyses, we conclude that entrepreneurs have a very important—but specific—function in the economy. They engender relatively much employment creation, productivity growth and produce and commercialize high-quality innovations. They are more satisfied than employees. More importantly, recent studies show that entrepreneurial firms produce important spillovers that affect regional employment growth rates of all companies in the region in the long run. However, the counterparts cannot be missed either as they account for a relatively high value of GDP, a less volatile and more secure labor market, higher paid jobs and a greater number of innovations and they have a more active role in the adoption of innovations.     

The impact of industry 4.0 on the 2017 version of the Uppsala model

The emergence of Industry 4.0 offers firms internationalization opportunities employing digital platforms and emerging technologies. Relying upon the Uppsala model as applied in light of a firm case study, we contribute to the validity of the Uppsala model 2017. We respond to the counterpoint by Coviello, Kano, and Liesch (2017) to the Uppsala 2017 model, answering the question, What is the impact of Industry 4.0 on the validity of the 2017 version of the Uppsala model? This study builds on a qualitative research methodology through a single case study of Delivery Hero, a global service provider firm. We adopt an extensive longitudinal approach to understand a startup firm’s digital business concept and business evolution, including its internationalization paths. We conclude that the mechanisms of the Uppsala model are valid, but their characteristics have changed by digital and globalized value-adding processes. The dynamic capabilities possessed by the founding entrepreneur turn out to constitute a critical micro foundation for the firm’s international business success. Our findings explain these change mechanisms, illustrating the stepwise progression process led by entrepreneurial decision-making. Industry 4.0 technologies have changed the very manner by which ?rms arrange their value-adding activities with their business stakeholders in course of the firm’s internationalization. By relying on reasonable business targets, algorithms, and data management systems, real-time market monitoring enables international startup firms to learn and adopt local identities faster, thereby efficiently alleviating liabilities of foreignness.