International equity market integration in a small open economy: Ireland January 1990-December 2000

We examine the relationship between the Irish, German, UK and U.S. equity markets. Our main finding is that the Irish equity market depends heavily on trading activity in the other markets but not vice versa. Significant return and volatility spillover effects occur in the direction of, but not from, the Irish market. We also find that dual listing in the form of American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) has an important role to play in these spillover effects. Our findings obtain throughout the sample, but are strongest for the period after the ERM crises and before the introduction of the euro.     

中国A股市场“小公司效应”的实证分析

本文以1995年1月至2003年12月期间在上海、深圳证券交易所交易的的全部A股股票为样本,分别以流通市值与总市值来衡量公司规模,对中国A股市场的“小公司效应”进行实证分析,研究表明:①作为规模度量的流通市值与总市值的选择对公司规模的排序没有显著影响。②最小规模公司股票组合获得显著的超额收益,且拥有最高的经风险调整后的收益(Sharpe比率),中国A股市场存在“小公司效应”。     

论居民收入分配中政府维护公正兼顾均平的分类调节

本文从廓清公平的概念入手,认为应区分规则公正的"公平"和结果相近的"均平"这两个不同对象,以消除中文语境中"公平与效率"问题的混乱;并认为,政府在居民收入分配方面的责任应当是"维护公正、兼顾均平、高端调低、低端托底";在收入再分配方面,应以对近年来收入差异形成原因的正确分析为前提,进行分类调节。     

Banking and interest rates in monetary policy analysis: A quantitative exploration

The paper reconsiders the role of money and banking in monetary policy analysis by including a banking sector and money in an optimizing model otherwise of a standard type. The model is implemented quantitatively, with a calibration based on US data. It is reasonably successful in providing an endogenous explanation for substantial steady-state differentials between the interbank policy rate and (i) the collateralized loan rate, (ii) the uncollateralized loan rate, (iii) the T-bill rate, (iv) the net marginal product of capital, and (v) a pure intertemporal rate. We find a differential of over 3% p.a. between (iii) and (iv), thereby contributing to resolution of the equity premium puzzle. Dynamic impulse response functions imply pro- or counter-cyclical movements in an external finance premium that can be of quantitative significance. In addition, they suggest that a central bank that fails to recognize the distinction between interbank and other short rates could miss its appropriate settings by as much as 4% p.a. Also, shocks to banking productivity or collateral effectiveness call for large responses in the policy rate.     

控股大股东与定向增发价格:隧道效应、利益协同效应及其相互影响

本文主要从控股大股东利益倾向和行为特征的角度,研究作为定向增发主要参与人的控股大股东对增发价格的影响。以2006～2009年完成定向增发的上市公司为样本,研究发现,增发价格的高低会受到控股大股东隧道效应和利益协同效应的共同作用:隧道效应促使增发价格降低,利益协同效应则促使增发价格随大股东持股比例的提高而升高。同时,研究还表明,控股大股东隧道动机对增发价格的抑价效应一直存在,不会随着大股东持股比例的提高而受到利益协同效应的削弱,而利益协同效应在大股东参与增发时则会受到隧道效应的弱化。这表明隧道效应的影响是主要的。     

定向增发能够提高研发支出水平吗

选择2006-2016年我国上市公司定向增发样本数据,采用系统GMM和OLS回归方法,实证检验定向增发募集资金对研发支出的影响。结果表明：定向增发不仅降低当期研发支出水平,而且降低累计研发支出水平;不同频次的定向增发均会降低研发支出水平。最后,以大股东及其关联方为定向增发对象,仍然部分支持定向增发会降低研发支出水平的结论,为股权融资背景下提高上市公司研发支出水平的论点提供了新证据,同时也可为提高上市公司研发支出水平的制度改革提供参考。     

美国私募股权基金融资渠道研究及对中国的启示

在美国私募股权基金最早是以风险投资的形式出现的,它的出现极大地推动了美国中小企业尤其是高科技产业的发展。美国的私募股权基金获得极大发展的重要原因是政府对其资金来源管制的逐渐放松。本文研究了现阶段美国私募股权基金主要的资金来源,从而对我国拓宽私募股权基金的融资渠道提供借鉴,有助于促进我国私募股权基金的发展,从而促进我国经济的发展。     

加拿大的均等化制度与中国的现实选择

加拿大正式的均等化制度始于1957年,但是本文考察的基点,并不局限于该年,而是往前摄入大历史的轮廓,以便知理念形成和制度选择的根由所在。现实的考察则旨在明了加拿大当前均等化的具体做法和措施,以及改革的要点,以期对中国的均等化实践提供某些有益的借鉴。     

Credit constraints, equity market liberalizations and international trade

This paper provides evidence that credit constraints are an important determinant of international trade flows. I exploit shocks to the availability of external finance and examine the impact of equity market liberalizations on the export behavior of 91 countries in the 1980-1997 period. I show that liberalizations increase exports disproportionately more in financially vulnerable sectors that require more outside finance or employ fewer collateralizable assets. This result is not driven by cross-country differences in factor endowments and is independent of simultaneous trade policy reforms. Moreover, it obtains with equal strength in the full panel of countries as well as in both panel and event-study analyses of countries which removed capital controls during the sample period. Finally, the effects of liberalizations are more pronounced in economies with initially less active stock markets, indicating that foreign equity flows may substitute for an underdeveloped domestic financial system. Similarly, opening equity markets has a greater impact in the presence of higher trade costs caused by restrictive trade policies.     

Transport metabolism, social diversity and equity: The case of São Paulo, Brazil

The movement of people in space implies the consumption of resources such as time, space, money and energy, as well as the production of negative externalities such as accidents, pollution and congestion. Some of these effects have been analyzed on an aggregate level by comparing regions in the world, a set of selected cities and different geographical areas in a particular city. The analysis of data on a more disaggregate level that considers the differences in the cause and continuance of negative transport externalities among social classes and groups living in a particular city in the developing world is rare.This paper uses the São Paulo Metropolitan Region (SPMR) 1997 origin–destination (OD) survey to investigate such phenomenon by taking advantage of the fact that data are divided according to six levels of household income. Results refer to mobility patterns in workable days.The main conclusions are that although people at the lowest income level spend a high share of their income on transport, they have a very low overall mobility and contribute almost nothing to transport externalities. At the other extreme, the two highest income groups that use cars intensively invest much more time, space and money to travel around and so contribute to transport externalities 8.4–15.2 times more than the lowest income group. Such large differences challenge current transport policies in developing countries and call both for a reassessment of assumptions and principles as well as for opposition to the propagation of myths that have sustained such inequitable policies.